【spring boot】自动配置原理

使用springboot开发web应用是很方便,只需要引入相对应的GAV就可以使用对应的功能,springboot默认会帮我们配置好一些常用配置。那么springboot是怎么做到的呢?这篇文章将一步步跟踪源码,查看springboot到底是如何帮我们做自动化配置。

springboot核心注解

13341631-2e71b828ec8e73de.png
13341631-2aa04857b5004247.png

可以看到使用@import导入一个开启自动配置的选择器

@import的作用,官方源码

* @author Chris Beams
 * @since 3.0
 * @see Configuration
 * @see ImportSelector
 * @see ImportResource
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {

    /**
     * The @{@link Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector} and/or
     * {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar} classes to import.
     */
    Class<?>[] value();
}

导入@Configuration注解的配置类
导入ImportSelector的实现类
导入ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的实现类

接着看导入的这个选择器(@EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)

13341631-a0c01c10b7bcd2f4.png
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
            AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
        List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(
                getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader());
        Assert.notEmpty(configurations,
                "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
                        + "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
        return configurations;
    }

这里方法调用了两个核心方法

1、 getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),我们发现返回的是EnableAutoConfiguration.class

2、loadFactoryNames这个方法

public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
        try {
            Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
                    ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
            List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
            while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = urls.nextElement();
                Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
                String propertyValue = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
                for (String factoryName : StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(propertyValue)) {
                    result.add(factoryName.trim());
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [" +
                    FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
        }
    }

先获取factoryClass(EnableAutoConfiguration)的className(org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration),

将这个className当做Property的key值,来获取Value。springboot默认会全局扫描FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION

13341631-9468aa44ace2b63a.png

springboot将会加载(org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration)所对应的所有自动配置到spring IOC容器中

自动配置如何生效

以(org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.MultipartAutoConfiguration)为例。

13341631-4e208eb842026bab.png

我们看到当前自动配置类核心在这几个注解。

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, StandardServletMultipartResolver.class,
        MultipartConfigElement.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.multipart", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MultipartProperties.class)

@Configuration spring注解配置类

@ConditionalOnClass 意思是存在某个类,当前配置生效

@ConditionalOnProperty 意思是否存在开启的spring.http.multipart 的配置,这里默认开启,对应的是springboot主配置文件(application)文件中配置项目

@EnableConfigurationProperties 意思是将MultipartProperties类加入spring容器,等价于在MultipartProperties类上加 @Component注解

我们去看一下MultipartProperties类是干什么了?

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.multipart", ignoreUnknownFields = false) 
public class MultipartProperties {

@ConfigurationProperties 读取springboot主配置文件(application.prperties)的配置

所以最后发现只要满足@Conditionalxxxx条件 ,当前自动配置类即可生效。

综上,如果我们想知道引入的某个GAV可以配置哪些属性,主需要找到对应的xxxAutoConfiguration 查看对应的

@EnableConfigurationProperties(xxxx.class)引入的class即可。

转载于:https://www.jianshu.com/p/ad21f8e65c7a

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_34189116/article/details/91070303