Grafana+Prometheus实现Ceph监控和钉钉告警-转载（云栖社区）

获取软件包

最新的软件包获取地址

https://prometheus.io/download/

Prometheus

1、下载Prometheus

$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.6.0/prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2、解压软件包

$ tar xf prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

3、配置Prometheus启动程序

把解压出来的文件移动到/usr/local/目录下，并重命名为prometheu

$ mv prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

生成启动脚本

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus: the monitoring system
Documentation=http://prometheus.io/docs/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus \
        --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
        --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus \
        --web.console.templates=/usr/local/prometheus/consoles \
        --web.console.libraries=/usr/local/prometheus/console_libraries \
        --web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9090 --web.external-url=
Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

创建监控数据存储目录

$ mkdir /var/lib/prometheus

4、启动Prometheus

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable prometheus
$ systemctl start prometheus

5、查看端口监听状态

Prometheus监听的端口为9090，启动成功后可以通过netstat命令进行查看端口的监听状态

$ netstat -antpu | grep 9090
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:33270         127.0.0.1:9090          ESTABLISHED 6426/prometheus    
tcp6       0      0 :::9090                 :::*                    LISTEN      6426/prometheus    
tcp6       0      0 ::1:9090                ::1:51821               ESTABLISHED 6426/prometheus    
tcp6       0      0 ::1:51821               ::1:9090                ESTABLISHED 6426/prometheus    
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:9090          127.0.0.1:33270         ESTABLISHED 6426/prometheus

6、通过浏览器进行访问

Prometheus启动成功后，可以通过浏览器访问查看状态和配置信息

Ceph_export

Ceph_export 需要使用Go进行编译，也可以下载已经编译好的Ceph_exporter直接使用

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1AEF_pdDvSJ5gMPapaBuBrA

提取码：jkuh

1、安装软件Go环境

$ yum -y install golang

2、查看Go环境变量

$ go env
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/root/.cache/go-build"
GOEXE=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="linux"
GOOS="linux"
GOPATH="/root/go"
GOPROXY=""
GORACE=""
GOROOT="/usr/lib/golang"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/lib/golang/pkg/tool/linux_amd64"
GCCGO="gccgo"
CC="gcc"
CXX="g++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD=""
CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build359765015=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"

3、设置Go环境变量

$ vim /etc/profile.d/go.sh
export GOROOT=/usr/lib/golang
export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin
export GOPATH=/root/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin

$ source /etc/profile.d/go.sh

4、下载并编译Ceph_exporter

$ mkdir go/src/github.com/digitalocean/
$ cd go/src/github.com/digitalocean/
$ git clone https://github.com/digitalocean/ceph_exporter
$ cd ceph_exporter
$ go build

5、创建Ceph_exporter启动程序

$ mkdir ~/go/bin/
$ cp ~/go/src/github.com/digitalocean/ceph_exporter/ceph_exporter ~/go/bin/
$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/ceph_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus's ceph metrics exporter
 
[Service]
User=root
Group=root
ExecStart=/root/go/bin/ceph_exporter
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=ceph_exporter.service

6、启动Ceph_exporter

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable ceph_exporter
$ systemctl start ceph_exporter

7、查看端口监听状态

Ceph_exporter使用的是9128端口，可以通过netstat进行查看端口的监听状态

$ netstat -antpu | grep 9128
tcp6       0      0 :::9128                 :::*                    LISTEN      6839/ceph_exporter

8、修改Prometheus配置

把Ceph_exporter的接口添加到Prometheus的配置中

$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'ceph'
    honor_labels: true
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.1.10:9128']
      labels:
        instance: Ceph测试集群

9、重启Prometheus进程

$ systemctl restart prometheus

10、浏览器访问验证

Grafana

1、下载软件包

不同系统的最新软件包可以在Grafana的官网获取下载地址https://grafana.com/grafana/download

$ wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-5.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

2、安装Grafana

$ yum -y install grafana-5.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

3、启动Grafana

$ systemctl enable grafana-server
$ systemctl start grafana-server

4、查看端口监听状态

Grafana监听端口为3000，可以使用netstat查看监听状态

$ netstat -antpu | grep 3000
tcp6       0      0 :::3000                 :::*                    LISTEN      7147/grafana-server

5、浏览器访问登录

访问地址为http://$IP:3000，初始用户名和密码均为admin，首次登录后会提示设置新的密码

6、配置Dashboard

点击Add data source添加数据源

选择Prometheus

URL地址为Prometheus的访问地址http://$IP:9090

导入Dashboard，模板的编号为917，如果无法连接互联网，也可以在Grafana的官网下载模板后手动导入https://grafana.com/dashboards/917

查看监控状态

AlertManager

1、安装Alertmanager

$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.16.0/alertmanager-0.16.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar xf alertmanager-0.16.0-alpha.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ cd alertmanager-0.16.0-alpha.0.linux-amd64
$ cp alertmanager amtool /usr/bin/
$ cp alertmanager.yml /usr/local/prometheus/

2、生成启动程序

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus: the alerting system
Documentation=http://prometheus.io/docs/
After=prometheus.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/alertmanager.yml
Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3、启动Alertmanager

$ systemctl enable alertmanager
$ systemctl start alertmanager

4、查看端口监听状态

Alertmanager的监听端口为9093，可以使用netstat查看端口监听状态

$ netstat -antpu | grep 9093
tcp6       0      0 :::9093                 :::*                    LISTEN      7381/alertmanager

5、配置Prometheus，添加Alertmanager端点

$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets: ["192.168.1.10:9093"]

6、重启Prometheus

$ systemctl restart prometheus

配置钉钉告警

1、配置webhook

$ mkdir -p /usr/lib/golang/src/github.com/timonwong/
$ cd /usr/lib/golang/src/github.com/timonwong/
$ git clone https://github.com/timonwong/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk.git
$ cd prometheus-webhook-dingtalk
$ make
$ nohup ./prometheus-webhook-dingtalk --ding.profile="webhook=https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=8fe12c1a58b0769d7fcbf6ebf3bcd2cfcba825f2c45b4b39055890fd705df543" &> /var/log/dingding.log &

2、添加webhook告警

$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/alertmanager.yml
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
 
route:
  group_by: ['alertname']
  group_wait: 10s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 1h
  receiver: 'web.hook'

receivers:
- name: 'web.hook'
  webhook_configs:
  - url: 'http://192.168.1.10:8060/dingtalk/webhook/send'

inhibit_rules:
  - source_match:
      severity: 'critical'
    target_match:
      severity: 'warning'
    equal: ['alertname', 'dev', 'instance']

3、添加告警规则文件

$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
rule_files:
  - /usr/local/prometheus/ceph.yml

4、配置告警规则

$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/ceph.yml
groups:
- name: ceph-rule
  rules:
  - alert: Ceph OSD Down
    expr: ceph_osd_down > 0
    for: 2m
    labels:
      product: Ceph测试集群
    annotations:
      Warn: "{{$labels.instance}}: 有{{ $value }}个OSD挂掉了"
      Description: "{{$labels.instance}}:{{ $labels.osd }}当前状态为{{ $labels.status }}"

  - alert: 集群空间使用率
    expr: ceph_cluster_used_bytes / ceph_cluster_capacity_bytes * 100 > 80
    for: 2m
    labels:
      product: Ceph测试集群
    annotations:
      Warn: "{{$labels.instance}}:集群空间不足"
      Description: "{{$labels.instance}}:当前空间使用率为{{ $value }}"

5、重启进程使配置生效

$ systemctl restart alertmanager
$ systemctl restart prometheus.service

6、钉钉验证

停掉一个OSD后，钉钉收到如下告警

b932c49513cb45222821ce4743d7ce9106752eb7

重新启动后收到恢复通知