1、安装Git-2.16.2-64-bit.exe后，设置用户名，用户邮箱
#--global参数，表示你这台机器上所有的Git仓库都会使用这个配置，当然也可以对某个仓库指定不同的用户名和Email地址。
$ git config --global user.name "Your Name" $ git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
2、创建版本库
命令：git init
版本库：版本库又名仓库，英文名repository，你可以简单理解成一个目录，这个目录里面的所有文件都可以被Git管理起来，每个文件的修改、删除，Git都能跟踪，以便任何时刻都可以追踪历史，或者在将来某个时刻可以“还原”。
3、把文件添加到版本库
命令：git add 文件
解析：将文件添加到暂存区
命令：git commit -m "log description"
解析：将文件添加到本地库。-m命令用于添加提交说明日志。
命令：git status
解析：查看当前的文件修改状态。上面截图因为我们已经提交到本地仓库了，所以当前库中没有任何修改。
命令：git diff 文件
解析：查看指定文件差异。
lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git status On branch master Changes not staged for commit: (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) modified: readme.txt no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a") lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git diff readme.txt warning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in readme.txt. The file will have its original line endings in your working directory. diff --git a/readme.txt b/readme.txt index 9c69c9c..4b1c78e 100644 --- a/readme.txt +++ b/readme.txt @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@ -GIt is a version control system. +GIt is a distributed version control system. Git is free software. lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $
4、版本回退
命令：git log [--pretty=oneline]
解析：显示从最近到最远的提交日志
lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git log commit adde96d057448c792343465df3aee108764defbd (HEAD -> master) Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 21:08:03 2019 +0800 add GPL commit 31728b8d6ec5a40ed7eca72aca63533d8625b423 Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:47:26 2019 +0800 add distributed commit 586474b5bd16e377df3b657ffc1b35f663a69038 Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:33:10 2019 +0800 create readme.txt
在Git中，用HEAD表示当前版本，上一个版本就是HEAD^，上上一个版本就是HEAD^^，当然往上100个版本写100个^比较容易数不过来，所以写成HEAD~100。
现在，我们要把当前版本append GPL回退到上一个版本add distributed，就可以使用git reset命令
命令：git reset --hard commit_id
解析：
lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git reset --hard HEAD^ HEAD is now at 31728b8 add distributed
再次查看log，发现我们最后一次提交的内容已经找不到了。但是，只要当前窗口没有关闭（或者关闭了但你要记得commit id），还是可以再找回的，要输入之前查看的commit id。（即adde96d057...）
lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git log commit 31728b8d6ec5a40ed7eca72aca63533d8625b423 (HEAD -> master) Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:47:26 2019 +0800 add distributed commit 586474b5bd16e377df3b657ffc1b35f663a69038 Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:33:10 2019 +0800 create readme.txt lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git reset --hard adde96 HEAD is now at adde96d add GPL lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ cat readme.txt GIt is a distributed version control system. Git is free software distributed under the GPL. lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git log commit adde96d057448c792343465df3aee108764defbd (HEAD -> master) Author: lfy <[email protected]> Date: Sat Aug 24 21:08:03 2019 +0800 add GPL commit 31728b8d6ec5a40ed7eca72aca63533d8625b423 Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:47:26 2019 +0800 add distributed commit 586474b5bd16e377df3b657ffc1b35f663a69038 Author: lfy <1220429263@qq.com> Date: Sat Aug 24 20:33:10 2019 +0800 create readme.txt lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $
命令：git reflog
解析：记录你的命令
lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $ git reflog adde96d (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{0}: reset: moving to adde96 31728b8 HEAD@{1}: reset: moving to HEAD^ adde96d (HEAD -> master) HEAD@{2}: commit: add GPL 31728b8 HEAD@{3}: commit: add distributed 586474b HEAD@{4}: commit (initial): create readme.txt lfy@lfy-PC MINGW64 /c/fyliu/lfyTemp/gitLocalRepository/yangjie (master) $