[转载]Android 浅谈ANR

一：什么是 ANR

ANR :Application Not Responding ，即应用无响应

二： ANR 的类型

ANR 一般有三种类型：

1 ： KeyDispatchTimeout(5 seconds) -- 主要类型

按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应

2 ： BroadcastTimeout(10 seconds)

BroadcastReceiver 在特定时间内无法处理完成

3 ： ServiceTimeout(20 seconds) -- 小概率类型

Service 在特定的时间内无法处理完成

三： KeyDispatchTimeout

Akey or touch event was not dispatched within the specified time （按键或触摸事件在特定时间内无响应）

具体的超时时间的定义在 framework 下的

ActivityManagerService.java

//How long we wait until we timeout on key dispatching.

staticfinal int KEY_DISPATCHING_TIMEOUT = 5*1000

四：为什么会超时呢？

超时时间的计数一般是从按键分发给 app 开始。超时的原因一般有两种：

(1) 当前的事件没有机会得到处理（即 UI 线程正在处理前一个事件，没有及时的完成或者 looper 被某种原因阻塞住了）

(2) 当前的事件正在处理，但没有及时完成

五：如何避免 KeyDispatchTimeout

1 ： UI 线程尽量只做跟 UI 相关的工作

2 ：耗时的工作（比如数据库操作， I/O ，连接网络或者别的有可能阻碍 UI 线程的操作）把它放入单独的线程处理

3 ：尽量用 Handler 来处理 UIthread 和别的 thread 之间的交互

六： UI 线程

说了那么多的 UI 线程，那么哪些属于 UI 线程呢？

UI 线程主要包括如下：

Activity:onCreate(), onResume(), onDestroy(), onKeyDown(), onClick(),etc
AsyncTask: onPreExecute(), onProgressUpdate(), onPostExecute(), onCancel,etc
Mainthread handler: handleMessage(), post*(runnable r), etc

七: 如何去分析ANR

先看个LOG:

04-01 13:12:11.572 I/InputDispatcher( 220): Application is not responding : Window{2b263310com.android .email/com.android .email.activity.SplitScreenActivitypaused=false}. 5009.8ms since event, 5009.5ms since waitstarted

04-0113:12:11.572 I/WindowManager( 220): Input event dispatching timedout sending tocom.android .email/com.android .email.activity.SplitScreenActivity

04-01 13:12:14.123 I/Process( 220): Sending signal. PID: 21404 SIG: 3--- 发生 ANR 的时间和生成 trace.txt 的时间

04-01 13:12:14.123 I/dalvikvm(21404):threadid=4: reacting to signal 3

……

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): ANR in com.android .email(com.android .email/.activity.SplitScreenActivity)

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): Reason:keyDispatchingTimedOut

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): Load: 8.68 / 8.37 / 8.53

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): CPUusage from 4361ms to 699ms ago ---- CPU 在 ANR 发生前的使用情况

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   5.5!404/com.android .email: 1.3% user + 4.1% kernel / faults: 10 minor

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   4.3"0/system_server: 2.7% user + 1.5% kernel / faults: 11 minor 2 major

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   0.9R/spi_qsd.0: 0% user + 0.9% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   0.5e/irq/170-cyttsp-: 0% user + 0.5% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   0.5)6/com.android .systemui: 0.5% user + 0% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 100%TOTAL: 4.8% user + 7.6% kernel + 87% iowait

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): CPUusage from 3697ms to 4223ms later :-- ANR 后 CPU 的使用量

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   25!404/com.android .email: 25% user + 0% kernel / faults: 191 minor

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):    16% 21603/__eas(par.hakan: 16% user + 0% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):    7.2% 21406/GC: 7.2% user + 0% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):    1.8% 21409/Compiler: 1.8% user + 0% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):   5.5"0/system_server: 0% user + 5.5% kernel / faults: 1 minor

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220):    5.5% 263/InputDispatcher: 0% user + 5.5% kernel

04-0113:12:15.872 E/ActivityManager( 220): 32%TOTAL: 28% user + 3.7% kernel

从LOG 可以看出ANR 的类型，CPU 的使用情况，如果CPU 使用量接近100% ，说明当前设备很忙，有可能是CPU 饥饿导致了 ANR

如果CPU 使用量很少，说明主线程被 BLOCK 了

如果IOwait 很高，说明ANR 有可能是主线程在进行 I/O 操作造成的

除了看 LOG ，解决 ANR 还得需要 trace.txt 文件，

如何获取呢？可以用如下命令获取
1. $chmod 777 /data/anr
2. $rm /data/anr /traces.txt
3. $ps
4. $kill -3 PID
5. adbpull data/anr /traces.txt ./mytraces.txt
从trace.txt 文件，看到最多的是如下的信息：

-----pid 21404 at 2011-04-01 13:12:14 -----
Cmdline: com.android .email

DALVIK THREADS:
(mutexes: tll=0tsl=0 tscl=0 ghl=0 hwl=0 hwll=0)
"main" prio=5 tid=1NATIVE
| group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0obj=0x2aad2248 self=0xcf70
| sysTid=21404 nice=0 sched=0/0cgrp=[fopen-error:2] handle=1876218976
atandroid.os.MessageQueue.nativePollOnce(Native Method)
atandroid.os.MessageQueue.next(MessageQueue.java:119)
atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:110 )
at android .app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3688)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:866)
at com.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:624)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

说明主线程在等待下条消息进入消息队列

八： Thread 状态

ThreadState (defined at “dalvik/vm/thread.h “)

THREAD_UNDEFINED = -1,

THREAD_ZOMBIE = 0,

THREAD_ RUNNING = 1,

THREAD_ TIMED_WAIT = 2,

THREAD_ MONITOR = 3,

THREAD_ WAIT = 4,

THREAD_INITIALIZING= 5,

THREAD_STARTING = 6,

THREAD_ NATIVE = 7,

THREAD_ VMWAIT = 8,

THREAD_ SUSPENDED = 9,

九：如何调查并解决ANR

1 ：首先分析log

2: 从trace.txt 文件查看调用stack.

3: 看代码

4 ：仔细查看ANR 的成因（iowait?block?memoryleak? ）

other

十：案例

案例 1 ：关键词 :ContentResolver in AsyncTask onPostExecute, high iowait

Process:com.android .email
Activity:com.android .email/.activity.MessageView
Subject:keyDispatchingTimedOut
CPU usage from 2550ms to -2814ms ago:
57/system_server: 3.5% user + 1.4% kernel / faults: 86 minor 20major
4.4% 1134/com.android .email: 0.7% user + 3.7% kernel /faults: 38 minor 19 major
4% 372/com.android .eventstream: 0.7%user + 3.3% kernel / faults: 6 minor
1.1% 272/com.android .phone:0.9% user + 0.1% kernel / faults: 33 minor
0.9%2/com.android .systemui: 0.9% user + 0% kernel
0@9/com.android .eventstream.telephonyplugin: 0% user + 0% kernel /faults: 2 minor
0.1% 632/com.android .devicemonitor: 0.1% user + 0%kernel
100%TOTAL: 6.9% user + 8.2% kernel + 84%iowait

-----pid 1134 at 2010-12-17 17:46:51 -----
Cmd line:com.android .email

DALVIK THREADS:
(mutexes: tll=0 tsl=0tscl=0 ghl=0 hwl=0 hwll=0)
"main" prio=5 tid=1 WAIT
|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 obj=0x2aaca180self=0xcf20
| sysTid=1134 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=[fopen-error:2]handle=1876218976
at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
-waiting on <0x2aaca218> (a java.lang.VMThread)
atjava.lang.Thread.parkFor(Thread.java:1424)
atjava.lang.LangAccessImpl.parkFor(LangAccessImpl.java:48)
atsun.misc.Unsafe.park(Unsafe.java:337)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:157)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.parkAndCheckInterrupt(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:808)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquireQueued(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:841)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquire(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1171)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$FairSync.lock(ReentrantLock.java:200)
atjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock.lock(ReentrantLock.java:261)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.lock(SQLiteDatabase.java:378)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteCursor.<init>(SQLiteCursor.java:222)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDirectCursorDriver.query(SQLiteDirectCursorDriver.java:53)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.rawQueryWithFactory(SQLiteDatabase.java:1356)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.queryWithFactory(SQLiteDatabase.java:1235)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.query(SQLiteDatabase.java:1189)
atandroid.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.query(SQLiteDatabase.java:1271)
atcom.android .email.provider.EmailProvider.query(EmailProvider.java:1098)
atandroid.content.ContentProvider$Transport.query(ContentProvider.java:187)
atandroid.content. ContentResolver.query (ContentResolver.java:268)
atcom.android .email.provider.EmailContent$Message.restoreMessageWithId(EmailContent.java:648)
atcom.android .email.Controller.setMessageRead(Controller.java:658)
atcom.android .email.activity.MessageView.onMarkAsRead(MessageView.java:700)
atcom.android .email.activity.MessageView.access$2500(MessageView.java:98)
at com.android .email.activity.MessageView$LoadBodyTask .onPostExecute (MessageView.java:1290)
atcom.android .email.activity.MessageView$LoadBodyTask.onPostExecute(MessageView.java:1255)
atandroid.os.AsyncTask.finish(AsyncTask.java:417)
atandroid.os.AsyncTask.access$300(AsyncTask.java:127)
at android .os. AsyncTask $InternalHandler.handleMessage (AsyncTask.java:429)
atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3652)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteIn

原因： IOWait 很高，说明当前系统在忙于 I/O ，因此数据库操作被阻塞

原来：

final Message message = Message . restoreMessageWithId ( mProviderContext , messageId );

if ( message == null ) {

return ;

}

Account account = Account . restoreAccountWithId ( mProviderContext , message . mAccountKey );

if ( account == null ) {

return ; //isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.

}

if ( isMessagingController ( account )) {

new Thread () {

@Override

public void run () {

mLegacyController . processPendingActions ( message . mAccountKey );

}

}. start ();

}

解决后：

newThread() {

final Message message = Message . restoreMessageWithId ( mProviderContext , messageId );

if ( message == null ) {

return ;

}

Account account = Account . restoreAccountWithId ( mProviderContext , message . mAccountKey );

if ( account == null ) {

return ; //isMessagingController returns false for null, but let's make itclear.

}

if(isMessagingController(account)) {

mLegacyController.processPendingActions(message.mAccountKey);

}

}.start();

关于 AsyncTask: http://developer.android .com/reference/android /os/AsyncTask.html

案例 2 ：关键词: 在 UI 线程进行网络数据的读写

ANRin process: com.android .mediascape:PhotoViewer (last incom.android .mediascape:PhotoViewer)
Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut
CPU usage:
Load: 6.74 / 6.89 / 6.12
CPUusage from 8254ms to 3224ms ago:
ovider.webmedia: 4% = 4% user +0% kernel / faults: 68 minor
system_server: 2% = 1% user + 0%kernel / faults: 18 minor
re-initialized>: 0% = 0% user + 0%kernel / faults: 50 minor
events/0: 0% = 0% user + 0%kernel
TOTAL:7% = 6% user + 1% kernel

DALVIKTHREADS:
""main"" prio=5 tid=3 NATIVE
|group=""main"" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=Yobj=0x4001b240 self=0xbda8
| sysTid=2579 nice=0 sched=0/0cgrp=unknown handle=-1343993184
atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform.OSNetworkSystem.receiveStreamImpl(NativeMethod)
atorg.apache.harmony.luni.platform. OSNetworkSystem.receiveStream (OSNetworkSystem.java:478)
atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.PlainSocketImpl.read(PlainSocketImpl.java:565)
atorg.apache.harmony.luni.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:87)
atorg.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$LimitedInputStream.read(HttpURLConnection.java:303)
atjava.io.InputStream.read(InputStream.java:133)
atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.fillbuf(BufferedInputStream.java:157)
atjava.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:346)
atandroid.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)
atandroid.graphics. BitmapFactory.decodeStream (BitmapFactory.java:459)
atcom.android .mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity. getPreviewImage (PhotoViewerActivity.java:4465)
atcom.android .mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity. dispPreview (PhotoViewerActivity.java:4406)
atcom.android .mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity.access$6500(PhotoViewerActivity.java:125)
at com.android .mediascape.activity.PhotoViewerActivity$33$ 1.run (PhotoViewerActivity.java:4558)
atandroid.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)
atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4370)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
atdalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

关于网络连接，再设计的时候可以设置个 timeout 的时间或者放入独立的线程来处理。

关于 Handler 的问题，可以参考： http://developer.android .com/reference/android /os/Handler.html

案例 3 ：

关键词： Memoryleak/Thread leak

11-1621:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): ANR in process:android .process.acore (last in android .process.acore)
11-1621:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): Annotation:keyDispatchingTimedOut
11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): CPU usage:
11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190):Load: 11.5 / 11.1 / 11.09
11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): CPU usage from 9046ms to 4018ms ago:
11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): d.process.acore:98% = 97% user + 0% kernel / faults: 1134 minor
11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): system_server: 0% = 0% user + 0% kernel /faults: 1 minor
11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager( 1190): adbd:0% = 0% user + 0% kernel
11-16 21:41:42.560 I/ActivityManager(1190): logcat: 0% = 0% user + 0% kernel
11-16 21:41:42.560I/ActivityManager( 1190): TOTAL:100% = 98% user + 1% kernel

Cmdline: android .process.acore

DALVIK THREADS:
"main"prio=5 tid=3 VMWAIT
|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=N obj=0x40026240self=0xbda8
| sysTid=1815 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=unknownhandle=-1344001376
atdalvik.system. VMRuntime.trackExternalAllocation (NativeMethod )
atandroid.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
atandroid.graphics. Bitmap.createBitmap (Bitmap.java:468)
atandroid.view.View.buildDrawingCache(View.java:6324)
atandroid.view.View.getDrawingCache(View.java:6178)
atandroid.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1541)
……
atcom.android .internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1830)
atandroid.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1349)
atandroid.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1114)
atandroid.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1633)
atandroid.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
atandroid.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
atandroid.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4370)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
atjava.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
atcom.android .internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
atdalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

"Thread-408"prio=5 tid=329 WAIT
|group="main" sCount=1 dsCount=0 s=N obj=0x46910d40self=0xcd0548
| sysTid=10602 nice=0 sched=0/0 cgrp=unknownhandle=15470792
at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
-waiting on <0x468cd420> (a java.lang.Object)
atjava.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:288)
atcom.android .dialer.CallLogContentHelper$UiUpdaterExecutor$1.run(CallLogContentHelper.java:289)
atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1096)

分析：

atdalvik.system. VMRuntime.trackExternalAllocation (NativeMethod ) 内存不足导致 block 在创建 bitmap 上

**MEMINFO in pid 1360 [android .process.acore] **
native dalvik other total
size: 17036 23111 N/A 40147
allocated: 16484 20675 N/A 37159
free: 296 2436 N/A 2732

解决：如果机器的内存族，可以修改虚拟机的内存为36M或更大，不过最好是复查代码，查看哪些内存没有释放