Java socket聊天编程

原理

socket的类型：
TCP：流式socket，SOCK_STREAM
可靠、双向、面向字节流
UDP：数据报式socket， SOCK_DGRAM
相关的系统调用：
socket(): 创建一个新的socket
bind()：绑定于一个套接字地址上
listen(): 监听套接字
accept(): 接收连接请求
connect(): 发起连接请求
close(): 关闭连接
read()和write(): recv(), send(), recvfrom(), sendto()

1.TCP通信

server

package com.socket;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JSplitPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;

public class SocketServer{
	
	private PrintWriter pw;
	private JFrame frame;
	private JPanel pane_buttom;
	private JSplitPane pane_center;

	//显示内容的文本框，输入内容的文本框，发送内容按钮
	private JScrollPane pane_showWindow;
	private JScrollPane pane_inputWindow;
	private JTextArea area_showWindow;
	private JTextArea area_inputWindow;
	
	private JButton btn_send;

	private Dimension dimension;//用于设置area_showWindow可拖拉的大小

	//初始化                                         
	public SocketServer() {
		frame = new JFrame();
		pane_buttom = new JPanel();
		pane_showWindow = new JScrollPane();
		pane_inputWindow = new JScrollPane();
		area_showWindow = new JTextArea();
		area_inputWindow = new JTextArea();
		pane_center = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT, false, pane_showWindow, pane_inputWindow);
		btn_send = new JButton("发送");

		dimension = new Dimension(50, 300);
	}

	//调用方法显示窗口
	public void showFrame(){
		initFrame();
		initChatTextArea();
		initButton();
		btn_send();
		socket();
	}

	//主窗体
	public void initFrame(){
		frame.setTitle("服务端");
		int width = (int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth();
		int height = (int)Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight();
		frame.setBounds(width / 2, height / 2, 400, 450);
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}

	//内容显示文本框和输入内容文本框
	private void initChatTextArea(){
		//取得视图焦点
		pane_showWindow.getViewport().add(area_showWindow);
		pane_inputWindow.getViewport().add(area_inputWindow);
		//将显示文本域设置为不可编辑
		area_showWindow.setEditable(false);
		//设置显示文本域可拖拉的大小 
		pane_showWindow.setMinimumSize(dimension);
		frame.add(pane_center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
	}

	//发送文件，发送内容按钮
	public void initButton(){
		pane_buttom.add(btn_send);
		frame.add(pane_buttom, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
	}


	private void btn_send(){
		btn_send.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			@Override
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				String info = area_inputWindow.getText();
				area_showWindow.append("服务端："+info+"\r\n");
				pw.println(info);
				area_inputWindow.setText("");
			}
		});
	}
	private void socket(){
		ServerSocket ss;
		try {
			ss = new ServerSocket(9988);
			//等待连接 客户端
			Socket s=ss.accept();
			InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream());
			BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
			//PrintWriter必须和socket有密切的关系  把写入的数据传到socket对应的OutputStream中
			pw=new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
			//读取从客户端法发来的信息
			while(true) {
				//读取从客户端发来的信息
				String info=br.readLine();
				//在文本栏里显示
				area_showWindow.append("客户端:"+info+"\r\n");
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SocketServer chat = new SocketServer();
		chat.showFrame();
	}
}

client

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JSplitPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;

public class Test {
	private PrintWriter pw;
	private JFrame frame;
	private JPanel pane_buttom;
	private JSplitPane pane_center;

	// 显示内容的文本框，输入内容的文本框,发送内容按钮
	private JScrollPane pane_showWindow;
	private JScrollPane pane_inputWindow;
	private JTextArea area_showWindow;
	private JTextArea area_inputWindow;

	private JButton btn_send;

	private Dimension dimension;// 用于设置area_showWindow可拖拉的大小

	// 初始化
	public Test() {
		frame = new JFrame();
		pane_buttom = new JPanel();
		pane_showWindow = new JScrollPane();
		pane_inputWindow = new JScrollPane();
		area_showWindow = new JTextArea();
		area_inputWindow = new JTextArea();
		pane_center = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT, false,
				pane_showWindow, pane_inputWindow);
		btn_send = new JButton("发送");
		dimension = new Dimension(50, 300);
	}

	// 调用方法显示窗口
	public void showFrame() {
		initFrame();
		initChatTextArea();
		initButton();
		btn_send();
		socket();
	}

	// 主窗体
	public void initFrame() {
		frame.setTitle("客户端");
		int width = (int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize()
				.getWidth();
		int height = (int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize()
				.getHeight();
		frame.setBounds(width / 2, height / 2, 400, 450);
		frame.setVisible(true);
	}

	// 内容显示文本框和输入内容文本框
	private void initChatTextArea() {
		// 取得视图焦点
		pane_showWindow.getViewport().add(area_showWindow);
		pane_inputWindow.getViewport().add(area_inputWindow);
		// 将显示文本域设置为不可编辑
		area_showWindow.setEditable(false);
		// 设置显示文本域可拖拉的大小
		pane_showWindow.setMinimumSize(dimension);
		frame.add(pane_center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
	}

	// 发送文件，发送内容按钮
	public void initButton() {
		pane_buttom.add(btn_send);
		frame.add(pane_buttom, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
	}

	private void btn_send() {
		btn_send.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			@Override
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				String info = area_inputWindow.getText();
				area_showWindow.append("客户端： " + info + "\r\n");
				pw.println(info);
				area_inputWindow.setText("");
			}
		});
	}
	//处理消息
	@SuppressWarnings("all")
	private void socket() {
		try {
			Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9988);
			InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream());
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
			//PrintWriter必须和socket有密切的关系
			pw = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
			while (true) {
				// 不停地读取从服务器端发来的信息
				String info = br.readLine();
				area_showWindow.append("服务端： " + info + "\r\n");
			}
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Test chat = new Test();
		chat.showFrame();
	}
}

2.UDP通信

server

package com.socket;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;


public class SocketServer {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//TCP通信
//		ServerSocket serverSocket = null ;
//		try {
//			serverSocket = new ServerSocket(3000);
//			Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
//			InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
//			byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
//			int length = 0;
//			// 开始读取 
//	        while ((length = inputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {  
//	        	System.out.println(new String(byt,0,length));
//	        }  
//		} catch (Exception e) {
//		}
		//UDP通信
		try {
			DatagramSocket serverSocket = new DatagramSocket(3000);
			byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
			DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(byt, byt.length);
			serverSocket.receive(packet);
			System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));
			serverSocket.close();
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}
	
}

client

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;


public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
//		Socket socket = null ;
//		try {
//			socket = new Socket("192.168.1.192", 3000);
//			OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
//			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:123.txt");
//			byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
//			int length = 0;
//			// 开始读取 
//	        while ((length = inputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {  
//	        	outputStream.write(byt,0,length);
//	        }
//	        inputStream.close();
//		} catch (Exception e) {
//		}
		
		try {
			DatagramSocket socketClient = new DatagramSocket(3001);
			InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.192");
			byte[] content = "Just test".getBytes();
			DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length,address,3000);
			socketClient.send(packet);
			socketClient.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

3.聊天
server

package com.socket;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author:
 * @TODO:Socket服务端
 */
public class SocketServer {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TCP通信
		ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
		try {
			serverSocket = new ServerSocket(3000);
			Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
			InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
			byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
			int length = 0;
			// 开始读取
			while ((length = inputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {
				System.out.println(new String(byt, 0, length));
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
		}
		// UDP通信
		// try {
		// DatagramSocket serverSocket = new DatagramSocket(3000);
		// byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
		// DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(byt, byt.length);
		// serverSocket.receive(packet);
		// System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));
		// serverSocket.close();
		// } catch (SocketException e) {
		// e.printStackTrace();
		// } catch (IOException e) {
		// e.printStackTrace();
		// }
	}

}

client

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Socket socket = null;
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
		String content = "";
		try {
			socket = new Socket("192.168.1.192", 3000);
			while (!(content = scanner.nextLine()).equals("exit")) {
				OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
				inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes());
				byte[] byt = new byte[1024];
				int length = 0;
				// 开始读取
				while ((length = inputStream.read(byt)) != -1) {
					outputStream.write(byt, 0, length);
				}
			}
			scanner.close();
			inputStream.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
		}

		// try {
		// DatagramSocket socketClient = new DatagramSocket(3001);
		// InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.192");
		// byte[] content = "Just test".getBytes();
		// DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(content,
		// content.length,address,3000);
		// socketClient.send(packet);
		// socketClient.close();
		// } catch (Exception e) {
		// e.printStackTrace();
		// }
	}
}

Java socket聊天编程

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