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简单介绍docker镜像相关的命令
可以使用--help查看详细的命令，比如
[root@*** ~]# docker login --help
Usage: docker login [OPTIONS] [SERVER]
Log in to a Docker registry.
If no server is specified, the default is defined by the daemon.
Options:
-p, --password string Password
--password-stdin Take the password from stdin
-u, --username string Usernamedocker login -u 用户 -p 密码 镜像仓库地址：登录docker仓库，不加仓库地址，默认是docker官方仓库；
docker logout：退出登录；
[root@*** ~]# docker login -u XXX registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
[root@*** ~]# cat /root/.docker/config.json
{
"auths": {
"registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com": {
"auth": "**********************"
}
},
"HttpHeaders": {
"User-Agent": "Docker-Client/19.03.3 (linux)"
}
}
[root@*** ~]# docker logout
Not logged in to https://index.docker.io/v1/docker search xxx ：从docker仓库查找xxx的镜像；
[root@*** ~]# docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 8699 [OK]
mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 3040 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create… 643 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 63
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link… 61 [OK]
mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr… 53
deitch/mysql-backup REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r… 41 [OK]
bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 36 [OK]
.
.
.docker pull 镜像名称:镜像版本：拉取镜像，不加上版本则默认获取最新版本的镜像；
docker push 镜像名称:镜像版本：登录了镜像仓库的前提下使用，将本地镜像上传到镜像仓库；
[root@*** ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
80369df48736: Pull complete
.
.
.
d482603a2922: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:44b33224e3c406bf50b5a2ee4286ed0d7f2c5aec1f7fdb70291f7f7c570284dd
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
.
.
.
Login Succeeded
[root@*** ~]# docker push mysql:5.7
The push refers to repository [docker.io/library/mysql]
ccbee7d06322: Layer already exists
392376ec36d5: Layer already exists
05ef222f4cd4: Layer already exists
.
.
.docker images：查找出本地镜像；
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 26 hours ago 437MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kBdocker rmi ：删除本地镜像，可以使用使用IMAGE ID或者镜像仓库：版本号作为参数， -f：强制删除；
[root@*** ~]# docker rmi -f fce289e99eb9
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:c3b4ada4687bbaa170745b3e4dd8ac3f194ca95b2d0518b417fb47e5879d9b5f
Deleted: sha256:fce289e99eb9bca977dae136fbe2a82b6b7d4c372474c9235adc1741675f587e
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 27 hours ago 437MBdocker tag 源仓库：版本 新仓库：版本：将本地镜像复制，设置版本号，存放到指定仓库；
[root@*** ~]# docker tag hello-world:latest hello:test
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 27 hours ago 437MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
hello test fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kBdocker history：查看镜像的创建历史；
[root@*** ~]# docker history hello:test
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
fce289e99eb9 9 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/hello"] 0B
<missing> 9 months ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:f77490f70ce51da2… 1.84kB docker build：使用 Dockerfile创建镜像，首先需要有一个Dockerfile文件，这里写一个最简单的hello world来演示下；
[root@*** ~]# touch Dockerfile
[root@*** ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg conf data Dockerfile logs
[root@*** ~]# cat Dockerfile
FROM centos
#CMD echo "hello world"
CMD ["/bin/bash","-c","echo 'hello world!'"]
[root@*** ~]# docker build -t test:1111 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 207.2MB
Step 1/2 : FROM centos
latest: Pulling from library/centos
729ec3a6ada3: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:f94c1d992c193b3dc09e297ffd54d8a4f1dc946c37cbeceb26d35ce1647f88d9
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
---> 0f3e07c0138f
Step 2/2 : CMD ["/bin/bash","-c","echo 'hello world!'"]
---> Running in 5a2239155e17
Removing intermediate container 5a2239155e17
---> 012db2fe7991
Successfully built 012db2fe7991
Successfully tagged test:1111
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test 1111 012db2fe7991 14 seconds ago 220MB
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 28 hours ago 437MB
centos latest 0f3e07c0138f 2 weeks ago 220MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
hello test fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kBdocker save -o xxx.tar xxx:xx：将xxx:xx镜像保存成 xxx.tar；
[root@*** ~]# docker save -o hello.tar hello:test
[root@*** ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg conf data hello.tar logsdocker load -f xxx.tar：加载保存成xxx.tar文件的镜像；
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test 1111 012db2fe7991 12 minutes ago 220MB
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 28 hours ago 437MB
centos latest 0f3e07c0138f 2 weeks ago 220MB
hello test fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
[root@*** ~]# docker rmi hello:test
Untagged: hello:test
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test 1111 012db2fe7991 13 minutes ago 220MB
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 28 hours ago 437MB
centos latest 0f3e07c0138f 2 weeks ago 220MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
[root@*** ~]# docker load -i hello.tar
Loaded image: hello:test
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
test 1111 012db2fe7991 13 minutes ago 220MB
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 28 hours ago 437MB
centos latest 0f3e07c0138f 2 weeks ago 220MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
hello test fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kBdocker import xxx.tar xxx:xx：通过xxx.tar文件创建xxx:xx镜像；
[root@*** ~]# docker import hello.tar hello2:v1
sha256:6e3907ca9bd5c3656c2107d2e65fbbd389a6d0b54d9a92c37abcd975d6991a56
[root@*** ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello2 v1 6e3907ca9bd5 9 seconds ago 6.56kB
test 1111 012db2fe7991 19 minutes ago 220MB
mysql 5.7 cd3ed0dfff7e 28 hours ago 437MB
centos latest 0f3e07c0138f 2 weeks ago 220MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB
hello test fce289e99eb9 9 months ago 1.84kB如果有写的不对的地方，请大家多多批评指正，非常感谢！