最近由于系统要从网站抓取数据的需求，需要做一个自动登陆系统的功能，而网站登陆一般都有验证码图片的验证，因此必须识别获取到验证码图片中的内容。
这儿用的图片解析工具j4l，相关jar包及文件下载地址：
http://www.java4less.com/ocrtools/ocrtools.php?info=download
下载后解压 得到一堆文件:
运行一下那三个bat文件；
如果你是64位的机器 请把bits64里的dll复制到这个目录并且覆盖掉 不然会有平台不支持的错误
在代码里使用也很简单 把lib下的jar包导入到build path
并且把liblept168.dll leptonlibd.dll 放到path下（%java_home%/bin啊之类的 就是环境变量里设置的path)
以下是java中开始使用：
使用时直接调用ImageTool中的下载和获取文本内容两个方法即可
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.java4less.ocr.tess3.OCRFacade;
public class ImageTool {
public static final String URL_PATH = "http://member.0256.cn/Include/ASPX/CheckCode.aspx?rnd=0.7748341448605061"; // 实例图片，实际开发中可能是获得服务器上的所有图片，或者部分图片，不可能是具体某一张图片
// 把从服务器获得图片的输入流InputStream写到本地磁盘
public static void saveImageToDisk() {
InputStream inputStream = getInputStream();
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
try {
fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("F:\\checkCode.jpg");
while ((len = inputStream.read(data)) != -1) {
fileOutputStream.write(data, 0, len);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (fileOutputStream != null) {
try {
fileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
// 从服务器获得一个输入流(本例是指从服务器获得一个image输入流)
public static InputStream getInputStream() {
InputStream inputStream = null;
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(URL_PATH);
httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// 设置网络连接超时时间
httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
// 设置应用程序要从网络连接读取数据
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
int responseCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == 200) {
// 从服务器返回一个输入流
inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
System.out.println(inputStream + "**********************");
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return inputStream;
}
public static String getVerifyText(InputStream ins)
throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
OCRFacade facade=new OCRFacade();
BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(ins);
// 将彩色图片变为黑白色
ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
bi = op.filter(bi, null);
ImageFilter ifter = new ImageFilter(bi);
// 这里只用了一个二值化 可以再多加几个
bi = ifter.changeGrey();
ByteArrayOutputStream bao = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", bao);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("F:/checkCode.jpg"));
fos.write(bao.toByteArray());
fos.flush();
fos.close();
return facade.recognizeFile("F:/checkCode.jpg", "eng");
}
}
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.MemoryImageSource;
import java.awt.image.PixelGrabber;
public class ImageFilter {
private BufferedImage image;
private int iw, ih;
private int[] pixels;
public ImageFilter(BufferedImage image) {
this.image = image;
iw = image.getWidth();
ih = image.getHeight();
pixels = new int[iw * ih];
}
/** 图像二值化 */
public BufferedImage changeGrey() {
PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw);
try {
pg.grabPixels();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 设定二值化的域值，默认值为100
int grey = 100;
// 对图像进行二值化处理，Alpha值保持不变
ColorModel cm = ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
for (int i = 0; i < iw * ih; i++) {
int red, green, blue;
int alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels[i]);
if (cm.getRed(pixels[i]) > grey) {
red = 255;
} else {
red = 0;
}
if (cm.getGreen(pixels[i]) > grey) {
green = 255;
} else {
green = 0;
}
if (cm.getBlue(pixels[i]) > grey) {
blue = 255;
} else {
blue = 0;
}
pixels[i] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;
}
// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像
return ImageIOHelper.imageProducerToBufferedImage(new MemoryImageSource(iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw));
}
/** 提升清晰度,进行锐化 */
public BufferedImage sharp() {
PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw);
try {
pg.grabPixels();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 象素的中间变量
int tempPixels[] = new int[iw * ih];
for (int i = 0; i < iw * ih; i++) {
tempPixels[i] = pixels[i];
}
// 对图像进行尖锐化处理，Alpha值保持不变
ColorModel cm = ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
for (int i = 1; i < ih - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j < iw - 1; j++) {
int alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels[i * iw + j]);
// 对图像进行尖锐化
int red6 = cm.getRed(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
int red5 = cm.getRed(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int red8 = cm.getRed(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
int sharpRed = Math.abs(red6 - red5) + Math.abs(red8 - red5);
int green5 = cm.getGreen(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int green6 = cm.getGreen(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
int green8 = cm.getGreen(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
int sharpGreen = Math.abs(green6 - green5) + Math.abs(green8 - green5);
int blue5 = cm.getBlue(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int blue6 = cm.getBlue(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
int blue8 = cm.getBlue(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
int sharpBlue = Math.abs(blue6 - blue5) + Math.abs(blue8 - blue5);
if (sharpRed > 255) {
sharpRed = 255;
}
if (sharpGreen > 255) {
sharpGreen = 255;
}
if (sharpBlue > 255) {
sharpBlue = 255;
}
tempPixels[i * iw + j] = alpha << 24 | sharpRed << 16 | sharpGreen << 8 | sharpBlue;
}
}
// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像
return ImageIOHelper.imageProducerToBufferedImage(new MemoryImageSource(iw, ih, tempPixels, 0, iw));
}
/** 中值滤波 */
public BufferedImage median() {
PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw);
try {
pg.grabPixels();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 对图像进行中值滤波，Alpha值保持不变
ColorModel cm = ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
for (int i = 1; i < ih - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j < iw - 1; j++) {
int red, green, blue;
int alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels[i * iw + j]);
// int red2 = cm.getRed(pixels[(i - 1) * iw + j]);
int red4 = cm.getRed(pixels[i * iw + j - 1]);
int red5 = cm.getRed(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int red6 = cm.getRed(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
// int red8 = cm.getRed(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
// 水平方向进行中值滤波
if (red4 >= red5) {
if (red5 >= red6) {
red = red5;
} else {
if (red4 >= red6) {
red = red6;
} else {
red = red4;
}
}
} else {
if (red4 > red6) {
red = red4;
} else {
if (red5 > red6) {
red = red6;
} else {
red = red5;
}
}
}
// int green2 = cm.getGreen(pixels[(i - 1) * iw + j]);
int green4 = cm.getGreen(pixels[i * iw + j - 1]);
int green5 = cm.getGreen(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int green6 = cm.getGreen(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
// int green8 = cm.getGreen(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
// 水平方向进行中值滤波
if (green4 >= green5) {
if (green5 >= green6) {
green = green5;
} else {
if (green4 >= green6) {
green = green6;
} else {
green = green4;
}
}
} else {
if (green4 > green6) {
green = green4;
} else {
if (green5 > green6) {
green = green6;
} else {
green = green5;
}
}
}
// int blue2 = cm.getBlue(pixels[(i - 1) * iw + j]);
int blue4 = cm.getBlue(pixels[i * iw + j - 1]);
int blue5 = cm.getBlue(pixels[i * iw + j]);
int blue6 = cm.getBlue(pixels[i * iw + j + 1]);
// int blue8 = cm.getBlue(pixels[(i + 1) * iw + j]);
// 水平方向进行中值滤波
if (blue4 >= blue5) {
if (blue5 >= blue6) {
blue = blue5;
} else {
if (blue4 >= blue6) {
blue = blue6;
} else {
blue = blue4;
}
}
} else {
if (blue4 > blue6) {
blue = blue4;
} else {
if (blue5 > blue6) {
blue = blue6;
} else {
blue = blue5;
}
}
}
pixels[i * iw + j] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;
}
}
// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像
return ImageIOHelper.imageProducerToBufferedImage(new MemoryImageSource(iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw));
}
/** 线性灰度变换 */
public BufferedImage lineGrey() {
PixelGrabber pg = new PixelGrabber(image.getSource(), 0, 0, iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw);
try {
pg.grabPixels();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 对图像进行进行线性拉伸，Alpha值保持不变
ColorModel cm = ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
for (int i = 0; i < iw * ih; i++) {
int alpha = cm.getAlpha(pixels[i]);
int red = cm.getRed(pixels[i]);
int green = cm.getGreen(pixels[i]);
int blue = cm.getBlue(pixels[i]);
// 增加了图像的亮度
red = (int) (1.1 * red + 30);
green = (int) (1.1 * green + 30);
blue = (int) (1.1 * blue + 30);
if (red >= 255) {
red = 255;
}
if (green >= 255) {
green = 255;
}
if (blue >= 255) {
blue = 255;
}
pixels[i] = alpha << 24 | red << 16 | green << 8 | blue;
}
// 将数组中的象素产生一个图像
return ImageIOHelper.imageProducerToBufferedImage(new MemoryImageSource(iw, ih, pixels, 0, iw));
}
/** 转换为黑白灰度图 */
public BufferedImage grayFilter() {
ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY);
ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null);
return op.filter(image, null);
}
/** 平滑缩放 */
public BufferedImage scaling(double s) {
AffineTransform tx = new AffineTransform();
tx.scale(s, s);
AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(tx, AffineTransformOp.TYPE_BILINEAR);
return op.filter(image, null);
}
public BufferedImage scale(Float s) {
int srcW = image.getWidth();
int srcH = image.getHeight();
int newW = Math.round(srcW * s);
int newH = Math.round(srcH * s);
// 先做水平方向上的伸缩变换
BufferedImage tmp=new BufferedImage(newW, newH, image.getType());
Graphics2D g= tmp.createGraphics();
for (int x = 0; x < newW; x++) {
g.setClip(x, 0, 1, srcH);
// 按比例放缩
g.drawImage(image, x - x * srcW / newW, 0, null);
}
// 再做垂直方向上的伸缩变换
BufferedImage dst = new BufferedImage(newW, newH, image.getType());
g = dst.createGraphics();
for (int y = 0; y < newH; y++) {
g.setClip(0, y, newW, 1);
// 按比例放缩
g.drawImage(tmp, 0, y - y * srcH / newH, null);
}
return dst;
}
}
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.DataBufferByte;
import java.awt.image.ImageProducer;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Locale;
import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.ImageWriteParam;
import javax.imageio.ImageWriter;
import javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadata;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageInputStream;
import javax.imageio.stream.ImageOutputStream;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import com.sun.media.imageio.plugins.tiff.TIFFImageWriteParam;
public class ImageIOHelper {
public ImageIOHelper() {
}
public static File createImage(File imageFile, String imageFormat) {
File tempFile = null;
try {
Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReadersByFormatName(imageFormat);
ImageReader reader = readers.next();
ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(imageFile);
reader.setInput(iis);
// Read the stream metadata
IIOMetadata streamMetadata = reader.getStreamMetadata();
// Set up the writeParam
TIFFImageWriteParam tiffWriteParam = new TIFFImageWriteParam(Locale.US);
tiffWriteParam.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.MODE_DISABLED);
// Get tif writer and set output to file
Iterator<ImageWriter> writers = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("tiff");
ImageWriter writer = writers.next();
BufferedImage bi = reader.read(0);
IIOImage image = new IIOImage(bi, null, reader.getImageMetadata(0));
tempFile = tempImageFile(imageFile);
ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(tempFile);
writer.setOutput(ios);
writer.write(streamMetadata, image, tiffWriteParam);
ios.close();
writer.dispose();
reader.dispose();
} catch (Exception exc) {
exc.printStackTrace();
}
return tempFile;
}
public static File createImage(BufferedImage bi) {
File tempFile = null;
try {
tempFile = File.createTempFile("tempImageFile", ".tif");
tempFile.deleteOnExit();
TIFFImageWriteParam tiffWriteParam = new TIFFImageWriteParam(Locale.US);
tiffWriteParam.setCompressionMode(ImageWriteParam.MODE_DISABLED);
// Get tif writer and set output to file
Iterator<ImageWriter> writers = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("tiff");
ImageWriter writer = writers.next();
IIOImage image = new IIOImage(bi, null, null);
tempFile = tempImageFile(tempFile);
ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(tempFile);
writer.setOutput(ios);
writer.write(null, image, tiffWriteParam);
ios.close();
writer.dispose();
} catch (Exception exc) {
exc.printStackTrace();
}
return tempFile;
}
public static File tempImageFile(File imageFile) {
String path = imageFile.getPath();
StringBuffer strB = new StringBuffer(path);
strB.insert(path.lastIndexOf('.'), 0);
return new File(strB.toString().replaceFirst("(?<=\\.)(\\w+)$", "tif"));
}
public static BufferedImage getImage(File imageFile) {
BufferedImage al = null;
try {
String imageFileName = imageFile.getName();
String imageFormat = imageFileName.substring(imageFileName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReadersByFormatName(imageFormat);
ImageReader reader = readers.next();
if (reader == null) {
JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,
"Need to install JAI Image I/O package.\nhttps://jai-imageio.dev.java.net");
return null;
}
ImageInputStream iis = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(imageFile);
reader.setInput(iis);
al = reader.read(0);
reader.dispose();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
System.err.println(ioe.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e.getMessage());
}
return al;
}
public static BufferedImage imageToBufferedImage(Image image) {
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null), image.getHeight(null),
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
return bufferedImage;
}
public static BufferedImage imageProducerToBufferedImage(ImageProducer imageProducer) {
return imageToBufferedImage(Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(imageProducer));
}
public static byte[] image_byte_data(BufferedImage image) {
WritableRaster raster = image.getRaster();
DataBufferByte buffer = (DataBufferByte) raster.getDataBuffer();
return buffer.getData();
}
}
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class OCR {
protected transient final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
private final String LANG_OPTION = "-l";
private final String EOL = System.getProperty("line.separator");
private String tessPath = new File("tesseract").getAbsolutePath();
public String recognizeText(File imageFile, String imageFormat) throws Exception {
File tempImage = ImageIOHelper.createImage(imageFile, imageFormat);
File outputFile = new File(imageFile.getParentFile(), "output");
StringBuffer strB = new StringBuffer();
List<String> cmd = new ArrayList<String>();
cmd.add(tessPath + "\\tesseract");
cmd.add("");
cmd.add(outputFile.getName());
cmd.add(LANG_OPTION);
cmd.add("eng");
ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder();
pb.directory(imageFile.getParentFile());
cmd.set(1, tempImage.getName());
pb.command(cmd);
pb.redirectErrorStream(true);
Process process = pb.start();
int w = process.waitFor();
logger.debug("Exit value = {}", w);
// delete temp working files
tempImage.delete();
if (w == 0) {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(outputFile
.getAbsolutePath()
+ ".txt"), "UTF-8"));
String str;
while ((str = in.readLine()) != null) {
strB.append(str).append(EOL);
}
in.close();
} else {
String msg;
switch (w) {
case 1:
msg = "Errors accessing files. There may be spaces in your image's filename.";
break;
case 29:
msg = "Cannot recognize the image or its selected region.";
break;
case 31:
msg = "Unsupported image format.";
break;
default:
msg = "Errors occurred.";
}
tempImage.delete();
throw new RuntimeException(msg);
}
new File(outputFile.getAbsolutePath() + ".txt").delete();
logger.info("图像识别结果:{}", strB);
return strB.toString();
}
}
简单使用
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
public class Test {
public static void main(String args[]) {
// 从服务器端获得图片，保存到本地
ImageTool.saveImageToDisk();
File file = new File("F:/checkCode.jpg"); // 得到服务器上DpImg文件下所有图片
InputStream inputStream=null;
try {
inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
String text = ImageTool.getVerifyText(inputStream);
System.out.println("Text in the image is: ");
System.out.println(text);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
如果上诉import中存在错误，需要为项目引入jai_imageio.jar