Hibernate的关联映射包括:
一对一(Persion - IDCard)
一对多(Department - Employee)
多对一(Employee - Department)
多对多(Teacher - Student)
组件映射(User - Name)
集合映射(Set、List、Map)
inverse和cascade(Employee - Department)
本文以多对多为例:
多个老师对应多个学生(Teacher- Student)
在操作和性能方面都不太理想,所以多对多的映射使用较少,实际使用中最好转换成一对多。Hibernate会为我们创建中间关联表,转换成两个一对多。
<set name="teacher" table="teacher_student">
<key column="teacher_id"/>
<many-to-many class="student" column="student_id"/>
</set>
这样老师跟中间表是一对多关系、学生跟中间表也是一对多关系。
实体类:Teacher.java 和 Student.java
package com.cos.entity; import java.util.Set; public class Teacher { private int id; private String name; private Set<Student> student;//一对多 public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Set<Student> getStudent() { return student; } public void setStudent(Set<Student> student) { this.student = student; } } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// package com.cos.entity; import java.util.Set; public class Student { private int id; private String name; private Set<Teacher> teacher;//一对多 public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Set<Teacher> getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Set<Teacher> teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } }
映射文件:Teacher.hbm.xml 和 Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.cos.entity.Teacher" lazy="true"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <set name="student" table="teacher_student"> <key column="teacher_id"></key> <many-to-many class="com.cos.entity.Student" column="student_id"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <!-- ///////////////////////////////////////////// --> <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.cos.entity.Student" lazy="true"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <set name="teacher" table="teacher_student"> <key column="student_id"></key> <many-to-many class="com.cos.entity.Teacher" column="teacher_id"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
Hibernate配置文件:hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hi</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username"></property> <property name="hibernate.connection.password"></property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <mapping resource="com/cos/entity/Teacher.hbm.xml"/> <mapping resource="com/cos/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
工具类:HibernateUtil.java
package com.cos.util; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; public final class HibernateUtil { private static SessionFactory sesseionFactory; static { Configuration conf = new Configuration(); conf.configure(); sesseionFactory = conf.buildSessionFactory(); } public static SessionFactory getSesseionFactory() { return sesseionFactory; } }
测试类:Many2Many.java
package com.cos.main; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import com.cos.entity.Student; import com.cos.entity.Teacher; import com.cos.util.HibernateUtil; public class Many2Many { public static void main(String[] args) { add(); } public static void add(){ SessionFactory sessionFactory = null; Session s = null; Transaction t = null; try{ Set<Teacher> teacher = new HashSet<Teacher>(); Teacher t1 = new Teacher(); t1.setName("teacher 1"); teacher.add(t1); Teacher t2 = new Teacher(); t2.setName("teacher 2"); teacher.add(t2); Set<Student> student = new HashSet<Student>(); Student s1 = new Student(); s1.setName("student 1"); student.add(s1); Student s2 = new Student(); s2.setName("student 2"); student.add(s2); // t1.setStudent(student); // t2.setStudent(student); //和上面的两行代码二者有一即可 s1.setTeacher(teacher); s2.setTeacher(teacher); sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSesseionFactory(); s = sessionFactory.openSession(); t = s.beginTransaction(); s.save(t1); s.save(t2); s.save(s1); s.save(s2); t.commit(); s.close(); sessionFactory.close(); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }
表结构:
CREATE TABLE `teacher` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CREATE TABLE `student` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `name` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 CREATE TABLE `teacher_student` ( `teacher_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `student_id` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`student_id`,`teacher_id`), KEY `FK2E2EF2DEE60D3423` (`teacher_id`), KEY `FK2E2EF2DED571E983` (`student_id`), CONSTRAINT `FK2E2EF2DED571E983` FOREIGN KEY (`student_id`) REFERENCES `student` (`id`), CONSTRAINT `FK2E2EF2DEE60D3423` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1