Quartz 和 springboot schedule中的cron表达式关于星期(周几)的不同表示

一.Quartz中cron 表达式分析:

quartz 官方源码(org.quartz.CronExpression)解释:

 Cron expressions are comprised of 6 required fields and one optional field separated by white space. The fields respectively are described as follows: 

(翻译:Cron表达式由6个必填字段和一个由空格分隔的可选字段组成。 这些字段分别描述如下:)

Field Name   Allowed Values   Allowed Special Characters
Seconds   0-59   , - * /
Minutes   0-59   , - * /
Hours   0-23   , - * /
Day-of-month   1-31   , - * ? / L W
Month   1-12 or JAN-DEC   , - * /
Day-of-Week   1-7 or SUN-SAT   , - * ? / L #
Year (Optional)   empty, 1970-2199   , - * /

  

  

  

  由上表格可见,Quartz中cron表达式可以由最多7个字段构成,即:秒、分、时、日、月、周、年,最后一个字段”年“则可以为空;

对于周几,即 “Day-of-Week”  其值 1,2,3,4,5,6,7分别表示 “SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT”;

二. SpringBoot schedule cron表达式分析:

  解析cron expression的源码(org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronSequenceGenerator.class):  

 1 private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException {
 2         String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " ");
 3         if (!areValidCronFields(fields)) {
 4             throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
 5                     "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in \"%s\")", fields.length, expression));
 6         }
 7         setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60);
 8         setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60);
 9         setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24);
10         setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]);
11         setMonths(this.months, fields[4]);
12         setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8);
13         if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) {
14             // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7
15             this.daysOfWeek.set(0);
16             this.daysOfWeek.clear(7);
17         }
18     }

  由上面的代码看Cron表达式必须由6个字段组成,没有‘year’!,重点看setDays方法,此方法转换dayOfWeek的值,找到replaceOrdnal方法源码:

 1 /**
 2      * Replace the values in the comma-separated list (case insensitive)
 3      * with their index in the list.
 4      * @return a new String with the values from the list replaced
 5      */
 6     private String replaceOrdinals(String value, String commaSeparatedList) {
 7         String[] list = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(commaSeparatedList);
 8         for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
 9             String item = list[i].toUpperCase();
10             value = StringUtils.replace(value.toUpperCase(), item, "" + i);
11         }
12         return value;
13     }

  上面的代码直接将cronExpression字符串中的 "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"分别替换成了”0,1,2,3,4,5,6“;

  而且parse方法中注释”// Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7” 即:周日均可用‘0’或’7‘表示。

  所以对于springBoot schedule 其值 1,2,3,4,5,6,7分别表示 “MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT,SUN”;0也表示SUN; 

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/itfeng813/p/12176014.html