CKA真题：题目和解析-2

所有命令都验证过，有更好的方式，欢迎留言~~~

CKA 习题和真题汇总

• CKA考试经验：报考和考纲 

• CKA ：2019年12月英文原题和分值 

• CKA考试习题：K8S基础概念--API 对象
• CKA考试习题：调度管理- nodeAffinity、podAffinity、Taints
• CKA考试习题：K8S日志、监控与应用管理
• CKA考试习题：网络管理-Pod网络、Ingress、DNS
• CKA考试习题：存储管理-普通卷、PV、PVC
• CKA考试习题：安全管理--Network Policy、serviceaccount、clusterrole
• CKA考试习题：k8s故障排查  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-1  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-2  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-3  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-4  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-5  
• CKA真题：题目和解析-6  

• CKA真题：手动配置TLS BootStrap

更多CKA资料或交流：可加 wei  xin ：wyf19910905

5、 多个容器的pod的创建   

Set configuration context $ kubectl config use-context k8s

Create a pod named kucc4 with a single container for each of the following images running inside (there may be between 1 and 4 images specified):ngingx + redis + memcached + consul

创建一个名为kucc4的pod，1个POD容器其中包含4个镜像：nginx+redis+memcached+consul

答：

kubectl run kucc4 --image=nginx --generator=run-pod/v1 --restart=Never --dry-run -o yaml > ./5pod.yaml

先用命令行创建一个简单的pod模板，输出到一个yaml，然后再根据题目要求进行修改

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  labels:
    run: kucc4
  name: kucc4
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx
    name: nginx
  - image: redis
    name: redis
  - image: memcached
    name: memcached
  - image: consul
    name: consul
status: {}

  kubectl apply -f ./5pod.yaml

注意：如果指定要用busybox镜像一定要指定sleep，不然一直重启

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: busybox
    image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  restartPolicy: Always

 官网参考链接：https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/

6、pod的调度

Set configuration context $ kubectl config use-context k8s

Schedule a Pod as follows:

Name:nginx-kusc00101

Image:nginx

Nodeselector:disk=ssd

创建一个pod名称为nginx，并将其调度到节点为 disk=ssd上

答：

#我的操作,实际上从文档复制更快
kubectl run nginx-kusc00101 --image=nginx --restart=Never --dry-run > 6pod.yaml
#增加对应参数
vi 6pod.yaml
kubectl apply -f 6pod.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx-kusc00101
  labels:
    env: test
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  nodeSelector:
    disk: ssd

校验：是否调度成功

1. 在创建pod时，通过 kubectl get node --show-labels 查看 disk=ssd 标签在哪个node上
2. pod创建后，通过 kubectl get pod nginx-kusc00101 -o wide 查看pod是否调度到对应的主机

官网链接： https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/ 

7、Deployment 资源的更新

Set configuration context $ kubectl config use-context k8s

Create a deployment as follows

Name：nginx-app

Using container nginx with version 1.11.9-alpine

The deployment should contain 3 replicas

Next, deploy the app with new version 1.12.0-alpine by performing a rolling update and record that update.

Finally, rollback that update to the previous version 1.11.9-alpine

按照以下方式创建部署

名称:nginx-app

使用1.11.9-alpine版本的容器nginx

deploymnet应该包含3个副本

接下来，使用新版本1.12.0-alpine部署应用程序，执行滚动更新并记录更新。

最后，将更新回滚到前一个版本1.11.9-alpine

答：

kubectl run nginx-app --image=nginx:1.11.9-alpine --replicas=3

kubectl set image deployment/nginx-app nginx-app=nginx:1.12.0-alpine --record=true

kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-app

# 执行后，可以Watch rolling update status of "nginx-app" deployment until completion
kubectl rollout status -w deployment nginx-app 

# Check the history of deployments including the revision 
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-app                      

官网链接：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/cheatsheet/

导出最终的deployment spec

 kubectl get deployment nginx-app -oyaml -o=jsonpath="{.spec}{\"\n\"}" >7.txt

$ kubectl get deployment nginx-app -o=custom-columns=NAME:spec > 7.txt

$ cat 7.txtNAME
map[progressDeadlineSeconds:600 replicas:3 revisionHistoryLimit:10 selector:map[matchLabels:map[run:nginx-app]] strategy:map[rollingUpdate:map[maxSurge:25%maxUnavailable:25%] type:RollingUpdate] template:map[metadata:map[creationTime
stamp:<nil> labels:map[run:nginx-app]] spec:map[containers:[map[image:nginx:1.11.9-alpine imagePullPolicy:IfNotPresent name:nginx-app resources:map[] termin
ationMessagePath:/dev/termination-log terminationMessagePolicy:File]] dnsPolicy:ClusterFirst restartPolicy:Always schedulerName:default-scheduler securityContext:map[] terminationGracePeriodSeconds:30]]]
$

8、Service

Set configuration context $ kubectl config use-context k8s

Create and configure the service front-end-service

so it‘s accessible through NodePort/ClusterIP and routes to the existing pod named front-end

使用front-end-service服务，将名为front-end的pod，用NodePort/ClusterIP的方式发布出来

答：

[root@vms31 ~]# kubectl expose pod front-end --name=front-end-service --type='NodePort' --port=80
service/front-end-service exposed
[root@vms31 ~]# 
[root@vms31 ~]# 
[root@vms31 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
front-end-service   NodePort    10.96.19.240   <none>        80:31028/TCP   10s
kubernetes          ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        174d

官网链接：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/cheatsheet/