用css3实现惊艳面试官的背景即背景动画(高级附源码)

我们传统的前端更多的是用javascript实现各种复杂动画,自从有了Css3 transition和animation以来,前端开发在动画这一块有了更高的自由度和格局,对动画的开发也越来越容易。这篇文章就让我们汇总一下使用Css3实现的各种特效。

这篇文章参考《css揭秘》这本书,并作出了自己的总结,希望能让大家更有收获,也强烈推荐大家看看这本书,你值得拥有。我们将学到

  • Css3

  • outline

  • radial-gradient

  • linear-gradient

  • box-shadow

1.实现内部虚线边框

知识点:outline

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核心代码

.dash-border{	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 100px;	
  line-height: 100px;	
  outline: 1px dashed #fff;	
  outline-offset: -10px;	
}

2.边框内圆角的实现

知识点:box-shadow

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核心代码

.radius-border{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 180px;	
  height: 80px;	
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 10px gray;	
}

3.实现条纹背景与进度条

知识点:linear-gradient,repeating-linear-gradient

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核心代码

/* 上 */	
background: linear-gradient(to right,#fb3 50%,#58a 0);	
background-size: 40px 100%;	
box-shadow: inset 0 0 3px #555;	

	
/* 中 */	
background: linear-gradient(45deg,#fb3 25%,#58a 0,#58a 50%,#fb3 0,#fb3 75%,#58a 0);	
background-size: 40px 40px;	

	
/* 下 (可以实现任意角度的渐变,45°时显示效果最好) */	
background: repeating-linear-gradient(60deg,#fb3,#fb3 15px,#58a 0,#58a 30px);

4.复杂的背景图案

知识点:linear-gradient,repeating-linear-gradient,radial-gradient

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由于第二个图会有复杂的随机动画,建议大家可以亲自尝试看看效果,核心代码

<style>	
.bg-grid{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 200px;	
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,1) 2px,transparent 0),	
  linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,1) 2px,transparent 0),	
  linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.2) 1px,transparent 0),	
  linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,.2) 1px,transparent 0);	
  background-position: -50px -50px;	
  background-size: 100px 100px,100px 100px, 100% 10px, 10px 100%;	
}	
.animate-grid{	
  animation: move-grid 6s linear infinite;	
}	
@keyframes move-grid{	
  0%{	
    background-position: -50px -50px;	
  }	
  30%{	
    background-position: -100px -100px;	
  }	
  60%{	
    background-position: -100px -150px;	
  }	
  100%{	
    background-position: -50px -50px;	
  }	
}	
</style>	
<div class="bg-grid black-theme"></div>	
<div class="bg-grid black-theme animate-grid"></div>

红绿灯以及红路灯随机运动动画

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利用css3多背景和position实现红绿灯和背景色块移动

核心代码

<style>	
.bg-dot{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 50px;	
  background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#0cf 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,red 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,yellow 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,green 15px,transparent);	
  background-repeat: no-repeat;	
  background-position: 0 0, 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0, 200px 0;	
  background-size: 50px 50px;	
}	
.animate-dot{	
  animation: move-dot 8s linear infinite;	
}	
.animate-dot2{	
  animation: move-dot2 6s linear infinite;	
}	
@keyframes move-dot{	
  0%{	
    background-position: 0 0, 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0;	
  }	
  30%{	
    background-position: 50px 0, 0 0, 100px 0, 150px 0;	
  }	
  60%{	
    background-position: 50px 0, 100px 0, 0 0, 150px 0;	
  }	
  100%{	
    background-position: 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0, 0 0;	
  }	
}	
@keyframes move-dot2{	
  0%{	
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#0cf 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent);	
  }	
  30%{	
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,red 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent);	
  }	
  60%{	
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,yellow 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent);	
  }	
  100%{	
    background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,green 15px,transparent);	
  }	
}	
</style>	
<div class="bg-dot black-theme animate-dot"></div>	
<div class="bg-dot black-theme animate-dot2"></div>

棋盘背景以及棋盘背景随机动画

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利用背景渐变实现棋盘图案

核心代码

<style>	
.bg-qi{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 200px;	
  background-color: #eee;	
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 25%,transparent 0,transparent 75%,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 0),	
  linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 25%,transparent 0,transparent 75%,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 0);	
  background-position: 0 0, 20px 20px;	
  background-size: 40px 40px;	
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4);	
}	
</style>	
<div class="bg-qi black-theme"></div>

伪随机背景

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利用背景渐变,keyframe动画,实现复杂的伪随机动画

核心代码

<style>	
.bg-line-rand{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 480px;	
  height: 60px;	
  background-color: #eee;	
  background-image: linear-gradient(90deg,#fb3 11px, transparent 0),	
                    linear-gradient(90deg,#ab4 23px, transparent 0),	
                    linear-gradient(90deg,#655 41px, transparent 0);	
  background-size: 41px 100%, 61px 100%, 83px 100%;	
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4);	
}	
.bg-dot-rand{	
  margin-top: 20px;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 200px;	
  background-color: #eee;	
  background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#fb3 5px, transparent 0),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,#ab4 13px, transparent 0),	
                    radial-gradient(circle,#655 31px, transparent 0);	
  background-repeat: no-repeat;	
  background-size: 101px 203px, 147px 60px, 373px 201px;	
  box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4);	
}	
.animate1{	
  animation: move 4s linear infinite;	
}	
.animate2{	
  animation: move2 4s linear infinite;	
}	
@keyframes move{	
  0%{	
    background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0;	
  }	
  50%{	
    background-position: -10px 0, 20px 0, 30px 0;	
  }	
  100%{	
    background-position: 0 0, 30px 0, 10px 0;	
  }	
}	
@keyframes move2{	
  0%{	
    background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0;	
  }	
  50%{	
    background-position: -10px 30px, 20px 0, -40px 80px;	
  }	
  100%{	
    background-position: 0 20px, 60px -20px, 10px 30px;	
  }	
}	
</style>	
<div class="bg-line-rand black-theme"></div>	
<div class="bg-line-rand black-theme animate1"></div>	
<div class="bg-dot-rand black-theme animate2"></div>

5.折角效果

知识点:linear-gradient

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核心代码

<style>	
.fold{	
  margin-left: auto;	
  margin-right: auto;	
  margin-bottom: 20px;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 80px;	
  color: #fff;	
  line-height: 80px;	
  text-align: center;	
  background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.5) 0) no-repeat 100% 0 / 2em 2em,	
              linear-gradient(-135deg,transparent 1.4em,#06c 0);	
}	
.linear{	
  background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.5)) no-repeat 100% 0 / 2em 2em,	
              linear-gradient(-135deg,transparent 1.4em,#06c);	
}	
</style>	
<div class="fold">折角效果哦</div>	
<div class="fold linear">折角效果哦</div>

2.内阴影圆折角效果

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核心代码

<style>	
.fold-1{	
  margin-left: auto;	
  margin-right: auto;	
  margin-bottom: 20px;	
  position: relative;	
  width: 200px;	
  height: 80px;	
  border-radius: .5em;	
  color: #fff;	
  line-height: 80px;	
  text-align: center;	
  background: linear-gradient(-150deg,transparent 1.5em, #58a 0);	
}	
.fold-1::before{	
  content: "";	
  position: absolute;	
  top: 0;	
  right: 0;	
  background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.2) 0,rgba(0,0,0,.4)) 100% 0 no-repeat;	
  width: 1.73em;	
  height: 3em;	
  transform: translateY(-1.3em) rotate(-30deg);	
  transform-origin: bottom right;	
  border-bottom-left-radius: inherit;	
  box-shadow: -.2em .2em .3em -.1em rgba(0,0,0,.15);	
}	
</style>	
<div class="fold-1">折角效果哦</div>

6.自适应文本的条纹背景

知识点:linear-gradient,line-height,background-origin

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核心代码

<style>	
.stripe-bg{	
  padding: .5em;	
  line-height: 1.5em;	
  background: beige;	
  background-size: auto 3em;	
  background-origin: content-box;	
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,.2) 50%, transparent 0);	
}	
.stripe-bg > p{	
  margin: 0;	
}	
</style>	
<div class="stripe-bg">	
  <p>hello you</p>	
  <p>hello you</p>	
  <p>hello you</p>	
  <p>hello you</p>	
  <p>hello you</p>	
</div>

7.自定义的下划线实现

知识点linear-gridient

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小伙伴们注意到了吗?默认的下划线会将文字穿过,而上面的不会呦!

核心代码

<style>	
.my-line{	
  line-height: 1.4em;	
  background: linear-gradient(gray,gray) no-repeat;	
  background-size: 100% 1px;	
  background-position: 0 1.15em;	
  text-shadow: .05em 0 #fff, -.05em 0 #fff;	
}	
</style>	
<div class=""><span class="my-line">i have your big apple.you have a too? hi hi hi.</span></div>

最后

笔者3天后将推出开源的CMS系统,技术架构:

  • 后台Node+Koa+redis+JsonSchema

  • 管理后台界面 vue-cli3 + vue + ts + vuex + antd-vue + axios

  • 客户端前台 react + antd + react-hooks + axios

后面将推出该系统的设计思想,架构和实现过程,欢迎在公众号《趣谈前端》里查看更详细的介绍。

另外我们组建了 趣谈前端社群,欢迎大家和来自不同公司前端开发者,一起交流讨论前端开发场景,前端日常工作中遇到的问题及解决办法,以及前端职业发展的探讨。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/KlausLily/article/details/101188177