day27-- object-oriented programming

A: process-oriented and object-oriented

Process-oriented:

核心是‘过程’二字
过程的终极奥义：将程序流程化
过程是‘流水线’，用来分步骤解决问题的

Object-oriented:

核心是‘对象’二字
对象的终极奥义：将程序‘整合’
对象是‘容器’，用来盛放 数据 与 功能的

= Function program data +

II: Implementation

Starter Edition

# 学生的数据
stu_name = 'xxq'
stu_age = 18
stu_gender = 'male'

# 学生的功能
def tell_stu_info():
    print(f'学生信息 - 名字：{stu_name} 年龄：{stu_age} 性别：{stu_gender}')

# 课程的数据
course_name = 'python'
course_period = '6month'
course_score = 10

# 课程的功能
def tell_course_info():
    print(f'课程信息 - 名称：{course_name} 周期：{course_period} 学分：{course_score}')


def set_info():
    global stu_name
    global stu_age
    global stu_gender

    stu_name = 'egon'
    stu_age = 80
    stu_gender = 'female'

    tell_stu_info()


set_info()

# 结果
学生信息 - 名字：egon 年龄：80 性别：female

Premium

# 学生的功能
def tell_stu_info(stu_obj):
    print('学生信息 - 名字：%s 年龄：%s 性别：%s' % (
        stu_obj['stu_name'],
        stu_obj['stu_age'],
        stu_obj['stu_gender']
    ))


def set_info(stu_obj, x, y, z):
    stu_obj['stu_name'] = x
    stu_obj['stu_age'] = y
    stu_obj['stu_gender'] = z
    # stu_name = 'egon'
    # stu_age = 80
    # stu_gender = 'female'


stu_obj = {
    'stu_name': 'xxq',
    'stu_age': 18,
    'stu_gender': 'male',
    'tell_stu_info': tell_stu_info,
    'set_info': set_info,
}

print(stu_obj)
# 结果
{'stu_name': 'xxq', 'stu_age': 18, 'stu_gender': 'male', 'tell_stu_info': <function tell_stu_info at 0x00000216F95C9430>, 'set_info': <function set_info at 0x00000216F95C9790>}

Advanced Edition

# 学生的功能
def tell_stu_info(stu_obj):
    print('学生信息 - 名字：%s 年龄：%s 性别：%s' % (
        stu_obj['stu_name'],
        stu_obj['stu_age'],
        stu_obj['stu_gender']
    ))


def set_info(stu_obj, x, y, z):
    stu_obj['stu_name'] = x
    stu_obj['stu_age'] = y
    stu_obj['stu_gender'] = z
    # stu_name = 'egon'
    # stu_age = 80
    # stu_gender = 'female'


stu_obj = {
    'stu_school': 'oldboy',
    'stu_name': 'xxq',
    'stu_age': 18,
    'stu_gender': 'male',
    'tell_stu_info': tell_stu_info,
    'set_info': set_info,
}

stu1_obj = {
    'stu_school': 'oldboy',
    'stu_name': 'qwe',
    'stu_age': 18,
    'stu_gender': 'female',
    'tell_stu_info': tell_stu_info,
    'set_info': set_info,
}

print(stu_obj)

# 结果
{'stu_school': 'oldboy', 'stu_name': 'xxq', 'stu_age': 18, 'stu_gender': 'male', 'tell_stu_info': <function tell_stu_info at 0x0000023272F49430>, 'set_info': <function set_info at 0x0000023272F49790>}



# Python中的面向对象语法

### 类 是对象相似数据 与 功能的 集合体

### 所以，类中最常见的是变量 与 函数 的定义，但是 类体中 其实是可以包含任意其他代码的

#### 注意：类体代码 是在 类定义阶段就会立即执行的

```python
class Student:
    # 1.变量的定义
    stu_school = 'oldboy'

    # 2.功能的定义
    def tell_stu_info(stu_obj):
        print('学生信息 - 名字：%s 年龄：%s 性别：%s' % (
            stu_obj['stu_name'],
            stu_obj['stu_age'],
            stu_obj['stu_gender']
        ))

    def set_info(stu_obj, x, y, z):
        stu_obj['stu_name'] = x
        stu_obj['stu_age'] = y
        stu_obj['stu_gender'] = z

    # print('=======>')
    
# 属性访问的语法
# 1.访问数据属性
# 2.访问函数属性
print(Student.__dict__)        

{'__module__': '__main__', 'stu_school': 'oldboy', 'tell_stu_info': <function Student.tell_stu_info at 0x035B8418>, 'set_info': <function Student.set_info at 0x035B83D0>, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'Student' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Student' objects>, '__doc__': None}

rint(Student.stu_school)     # oldboy

# 再调用类产生对象
stu1_obj = Student()
stu2_obj = Student()
stu3_obj = Student()

stu1_obj.__dict__['stu_name'] = 'eogn'
stu1_obj.__dict__['stu_age'] = 16
stu1_obj.__dict__['stu_gender'] = 'male'
print(stu1_obj.__dict__)  # {'stu_name': 'eogn', 'stu_age': 16, 'stu_gender': 'male'}

stu1_obj.stu_name = 'eogn'
stu1_obj.stu_age = 16
stu1_obj.stu_gender = 'male'
print(stu1_obj.__dict__)  # {'stu_name': 'eogn', 'stu_age': 16, 'stu_gender': 'male'}


# 一：属性查找

```python
class Student:
    # 1、变量的定义
    stu_school = 'oldboy'
    count = 0

    # 空对象,'egon',18,'male'
    def __init__(self, x, y, z):
        Student.count += 1

        self.stu_name = x  # 空对象.stu_name='egon'
        self.stu_age = y  # 空对象.stu_age=18
        self.stu_gender = z  # 空对象.stu_gender='male'
        # return None

    # 2、功能的定义
    def tell_stu_info(self):
        print('学生信息：名字：%s 年龄：%s 性别：%s' % (
            self.stu_name,
            self.stu_age,
            self.stu_gender
        ))

    def set_info(self, x, y, z):
        self.stu_name = x
        self.stu_age = y
        self.stu_gender = z

    def choose(self, x):
        print('正在选课')
        self.course = x


stu1_obj = Student('egon', 18, 'male')  # Student.__init__(空对象,'egon',18,'male')
stu2_obj = Student('lili', 19, 'female')
stu3_obj = Student('jack', 20, 'male')

# print(stu1_obj.count)
# print(stu2_obj.count)
# print(stu3_obj.count)

II: Object class is stored in the shared data and functions

1. class has access to:

# 1.类的数据属性
print(Student.stu_school)       # oldboy

# 2.类的函数属性
print(Student.tell_stu_info)        # <function Student.tell_stu_info at 0x00F78460>
print(Student.set_info)             # <function Student.set_info at 0x01728418>

2. But in fact, what class is used to target

# 1.类的数据属性是共享给所有对象用的，大家访问的地址都一样
print(id(Student.stu_school))        # 23914752

print(id(stu1_obj.stu_school))       # 23914752
print(id(stu2_obj.stu_school))       # 23914752
print(id(stu3_obj.stu_school))       # 23914752

Student.stu_school='OLDBOY'
stu1_obj.stu_school='OLDBOY'
print(stu1_obj.stu_school)              # OLDBOY

print(Student.stu_school)               # OLDBOY
print(stu2_obj.stu_school)              # OLDBOY
print(stu3_obj.stu_school)              # OLDBOY

3. The functions defined for the object class is mainly used, and is bound to the object, while the object points are all the same functionality, but are bound to different object binding method is different, the memory addresses Not the same

# 类调用自己的函数属性必须严格按照函数的用法来
print(Student.tell_stu_info)        # <function Student.tell_stu_info at 0x00A58460>
print(Student.set_info)             # <function Student.set_info at 0x00A58418>

Student.tell_stu_info(stu1_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：egon 年龄：18 性别：male
Student.tell_stu_info(stu2_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：lili 年龄：19 性别：female
Student.tell_stu_info(stu3_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：jack 年龄：20 性别：male

Student.set_info(stu1_obj,'EGON',19,'MALE')
Student.tell_stu_info(stu1_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：EGON 年龄：19 性别：MALE


# 绑定方法的特殊之处在于：谁来调用绑定方法就会将谁当做第一个参数自动传入
print(Student.tell_stu_info)        # <function Student.tell_stu_info at 0x01948460>
print(stu1_obj.tell_stu_info)       # <bound method Student.tell_stu_info of <__main__.Student object at 0x0194B0B8>>
print(stu2_obj.tell_stu_info)       # <bound method Student.tell_stu_info of <__main__.Student object at 0x0194B070>>
print(stu3_obj.tell_stu_info)       # <bound method Student.tell_stu_info of <__main__.Student object at 0x0194B250>>

stu1_obj.tell_stu_info()  # tell_stu_info(stu1_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：egon 年龄：18 性别：male
stu2_obj.tell_stu_info()  # tell_stu_info(stu2_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：lili 年龄：19 性别：female
stu3_obj.tell_stu_info()  # tell_stu_info(stu3_obj)     # 学生信息：名字：jack 年龄：20 性别：male


stu1_obj.choose('python全栈开发')
print(stu1_obj.course)  
# 正在选课
# python全栈开发

stu2_obj.choose('linux运维')
print(stu2_obj.course)  
# 正在选课
# linux运维

stu3_obj.choose('高级架构师')
print(stu3_obj.course)  
# 正在选课
# 高级架构师
l1 = ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']     # l=list([1,2,3])
l2 = [111, 222, 333]        # l=list([1,2,3])
print(l1.append)            # <built-in method append of list object at 0x0114D048>
print(list.append)          # <method 'append' of 'list' objects>

l1.append('dd')
l2.append('dd')
print(l1)                   # ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']
print(l2)                   # [111, 222, 333, 'dd']
l1 = ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']  # l=list([1,2,3])
l2 = [111, 222, 333]  # l=list([1,2,3])

list.append(l1, 'dd')
list.append(l2, 'dd')
print(l1)       # ['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']
print(l2)       # [111, 222, 333, 'dd']