Author | Liepin Big Data Research Institute
This article is reproduced with authorization from Liepin (ID: liepinwang)
With the accelerated evolution of a new round of technological and industrial reforms, innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data, and 5G have become boosters for economic and social development, while also making cyberspace more complex. In response to more severe challenges, network security incidents are increasing worldwide, and the importance of network security is becoming increasingly prominent.
In the context of industrial development in the Internet era, the security issues involved in the industrial application of networked technologies require people to consider the integration of functional security and information security. Some unscrupulous personnel will use "viruses", "hackers" and other targeted attacks on networked equipment, destroying security functions, and making the equipment invalid. And functional safety is to study the avoidance of functional failures of complex control systems, reduce or prevent the occurrence of failures and accidents, and prevent problems before they occur.
At present, talents in these two fields are in a state of shortage, and finding high-quality network security and functional security talents has become an urgent task. In order to respond to the concerns of all sectors of society for these two types of talents, Liepin and Shanghai Kongan jointly launched the "2019 China Cybersecurity and Functional Safety Talent White Paper" to jointly promote the healthy development of talents and industries in the field of cybersecurity and functional safety.
Network Security Talents
The status quo of cyber security talents: Facing a global talent shortage
Network security has become a global issue that crosses national borders, and the world is also facing the problem of a shortage of network security talents. According to the "2018 (ISC)² Cyber Security Manpower Research Report" published by (ISC)² the world’s largest non-profit information security membership organization, the global cyber security talent gap is expanding to 2.93 million, covering North America, Latin America, the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and the Middle East and Africa. Among them, the shortage of talents in the Asia-Pacific region is the most serious, reaching 2.14 million.
As for China, the country with the largest number of netizens in the world, the problem of the shortage of cyber security talents is even more prominent. As early as 2016, Li Jianhua, deputy director of the Information Security Professional Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education, pointed out that the current important industry information systems and information infrastructure in China require 700,000 cyberspace security talents, and this number is expected to increase by 2020. To 1.4 million, and will increase at a rate of 15,000 per year. However, the number of information security-related talents cultivated in my country's institutions of higher learning each year is less than 15,000. In the past three years, only more than 30,000 such talents have been trained by college degree education.
Analysis of the demand for network security talents
2.1 Increasing trend of demand for cyber security talents
※The growth rate in 2018 exceeded 60%, and the growth rate in 2019 was 30%
The demand for network security talents across the country has continued to grow in the past three years. The year-on-year growth in 2017 was only 8.24%, and in 2018 there was a surge of 62.95%. The growth rate slowed down in 2019 and returned to rationality, reaching 30.40%.
2.2 Distribution of Network Security Talent Demand by Cities
※Beijing ranks first, with talent demand accounting for more than 26%
From the perspective of the distribution of network security talents in cities, the first-tier cities are among the best. Beijing is far ahead with 26.38%. Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou rank second to fourth, accounting for 18.71%, 14.48%, and 6.26%, respectively.
The demand for network security talents in Hangzhou is significantly higher than other new first-tier cities and second- and third-tier cities, accounting for 6.26%. Chengdu's talent demand is 2.68%, ranking sixth.
2.3 Industry Distribution of Network Security Talent Demand
※The Internet accounts for half of the sky, accounting for over 50%
Judging from the industry distribution of national network security talent needs, the Internet, finance, and electronic communications industries rank among the top three, with 51.72%, 12.14%, and 11.11% respectively. Among them, the Internet industry provides the most job opportunities for network security talents.
2.4 Distribution of network security talent demand functions
※The demand for network information security engineers accounted for more than half, ranking first
From the perspective of the top 20 functions with the highest demand for network security talents, network information security engineers account for the highest proportion, accounting for 51.30%. The back-end development demand accounted for the second place, 5.63%. The demand for talents in other functions is less than 5%.
Average job-hopping cycle of cyber security talents
※An average job hopping occurs every 31 months, and the flow of personnel is relatively stable
The average job-hopping cycle of national cybersecurity talents is 30.56 months, which is lower than machinery manufacturing, electronic communications, energy and chemical, consumer goods, transportation and trade, real estate, pharmaceutical and medical industries, and higher than service outsourcing, finance, culture, education, media, and Internet industries. This means that the flow of personnel in this field is relatively stable.
Network security talent salary
4.1 Comparison of salary in cybersecurity talent cities
※Shenzhen ranks first with an annual salary of 291,100 yuan, which is higher than that of Beijing and Shanghai
The average annual salary of national network security talents is 240,900 yuan. In terms of different cities, first-tier cities have outstanding salary performance. Shenzhen ranks first in the salary list of cybersecurity talents with an average annual salary of 291,100 yuan, followed by Beijing with an average salary of 287,700 yuan, and Shanghai ranks third with an average annual salary of people in this field. 281,600 yuan.
4.2 Functional salary comparison of cyber security talents
※The average annual salary of WEB front-end development engineers is the highest, 486 million yuan
From the perspective of the top 15 key functions with the highest average annual salary of network security talents, the highest is the WEB front-end development engineer, which is 486 thousand yuan; the lowest is the network information security engineer, which is 216,400 yuan.
4.3 The average annual salary growth trend of cybersecurity positions
※It has risen while falling, and will rebound in 2019.
From 2017 to 2019, the average annual salary of positions posted by cybersecurity companies has shown a positive growth trend every year, with the highest year-on-year increase in 2017, reaching 19.9%; in 2018, it dropped to 2.30%. In 2019, the salary of companies posted jobs began to pick up, rising to 5.40%.
Functional Safety Talents
Current status of functional safety talents: The field of functional safety is full of potential
Functional safety specializes in the avoidance of functional failures of complex control systems, detection of potentially dangerous situations, so as to activate protection or corrective devices to prevent dangerous incidents or provide mitigation measures to reduce the consequences of dangerous incidents, and avoid direct or indirect (through equipment or Environment) causing casualties, property damage, or environmental pollution. In the past 20 years, safety-related systems in various fields have developed their own standard systems.
Because it is a relatively young industry, functional safety practitioners are very scarce, and the number of registered functional safety engineers is even smaller.
The continuous growth of the team of functional safety practitioners will help promote the development, certification and application of functional safety products in our country, drive the rapid establishment and development of the entire functional safety industry chain in China, ensure the stability and safety of the production process, and improve the system’s performance Reliability, to minimize risk factors.
Functional safety talent demand analysis
2.1 Increasing demand for functional safety talents
※In 2018, it surged to 76%. In 2019, there was a decline but still high growth.
The national demand for functional safety talents has been growing in the past three years: In 2017, the year-on-year growth was 7.64%; in 2018, the year-on-year growth surged to 76.34%; in 2019, the demand for talents in this field fell to 29.11%, but it is still at a rapid growth level.
3.2.2 Distribution of functional safety talent demand by cities
※Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen are the first echelon, and Guanghang is the second echelon
In terms of the ranking of functional safety talent demand cities, Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen are the first echelon, accounting for more than 10%, respectively 14.04%, 13.49%, and 10.71%; the second echelon is Guangzhou and Hangzhou, each accounting for talent demand. Over 5%, respectively 5.55% and 5.02%.
3.2.3 Industry Distribution of Functional Safety Talent Demand
※Machinery manufacturing and electronic communication are the two giants, with talents accounting for more than 40%
In terms of the industry distribution of functional safety talent demand, machinery manufacturing and electronic communications accounted for the highest proportions, with 48.61% and 43.50% respectively.
The demand for Internet talents accounted for 4.19%. Ranked third; fourth is the service outsourcing industry, accounting for 1.14%. Other industries accounted for less than 1%.
3.2.4 Functional safety talent demand function distribution
※Network information security engineers, security protection/security management accounted for the highest proportions, both exceeding 10%
From the perspective of the distribution of the top 20 key functions for functional safety talents, network information security engineers rank first, accounting for 14.50%; security protection/security management is ranked second, accounting for 12.86%. Back-end development, environmental/health/safety (EHS) engineers, and safety/health/environmental management accounted for 6.46%, 5.80%, and 5.54% respectively, and the demand for other functional talents accounted for less than 5%.
3.1.5 Average job-hopping cycle of functional safety talents
※Approximately one job-hopping in 36 months, and the flow of personnel is stable
The job-hopping cycle of functional safety talents nationwide is 35.77 months, that is, talents in this field hop once every 35.77 months on average.
From the perspective of the job-hopping cycle of talents in various industries, the job-hopping cycle of functional safety talents is second only to energy and chemical industry. A stable job-hopping cycle is more conducive for practitioners to accumulate experience and precipitate growth.
Functional safety talent salary
4.1 Comparison of Salary in Functional Safety Talent City
※Beijing has the highest salary, with an average annual salary of nearly 260,000 yuan
The national average annual salary of functional safety talents is 179,600 yuan. In terms of cities, there are 5 functional safety talents with an average annual salary of more than 200,000 yuan, namely Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou. The corresponding average annual salary is 259,900 yuan, 241,100 yuan, 235,100 yuan, and 230,000 yuan. 202.9 thousand yuan.
The salary level of Hangzhou functional safety talents is relatively bright, with an average annual salary of 235,100 yuan, surpassing the two first-tier cities, Shenzhen (233,000 yuan) and Guangzhou (202,900 yuan). Changchun's average annual salary is also very competitive, second only to Guangzhou, at 198,800 yuan, ranking sixth.
4.2 Comparison of functional safety talents' functional salaries
※The average annual salary of information technology managers/supervisors is the highest, nearly 300,000
From the average annual salary of the national functional safety talent distribution TOP15, it can be found that the annual salary of information technology managers/supervisors is the highest, with an average of 295,900 yuan. The salary level of automotive electronics engineers ranked second, with an average annual salary of 266,100 yuan, and the salary of electronic/electrical engineers ranked third, with an average annual salary of 233,700 yuan.
4.3 The average annual salary growth trend of functional safety positions
※The growth rate decreased first and then increased, reaching the highest level in three years in 2019
In the past three years, the average annual salary of jobs posted by companies in the functional safety field has shown a continuous growth trend. The year-on-year growth in 2017 was 8.94%; the year-on-year growth in 2018 was 6.66%; the year-on-year growth in 2019 was 13.44%, reaching the highest level in the past three years.
Under the call of the country's "network power", and under the premise that safe production has become my country's basic national policy, there will be a steady demand for network security talents and functional security talents. With the continuous crossover and influence between high-tech fields, the development of network security and functional safety will continue to deepen. There is still much room for imagination in the future development of talents in these two fields.