The role of each folder
/bin: Binary executable commands
/dev: Device special files
/etc: System management and configuration files
/home: The base point of the user's home directory, the user's home directory is /home/user
/lib: Standard programming library, also known as dynamic link shared library
/sbin: System management commands, storage System administrator's management program
/tmp: Public temporary file storage point
/root: System administrator's home directory
/mnt: The system provides this directory to allow users to temporarily mount other file systems.
/lost+found: Usually empty, the system is shut down abnormally and leaves related files
/proc: Virtual directory, which is the mapping of system memory
/var: The overflow area of some large files, such as log files of various services
/usr: System-level directories, applications and files Almost all of them are in this directory
/opt: user-level program directory, equivalent to D:/Software, where large third-party software can be placed
/usr/x11r6: The directory where x window is stored
/usr/bin: Numerous applications
/usr/sbin: Some management programs for superusers
/usr/doc: Linux documentation
/usr/include: Header files required for developing and compiling applications under Linux:
/usr/libConfiguration files for commonly used dynamic link libraries and software packages
/usr/man: Help documentation
/usr/src: System-level source code directory, the source code of the linux kernel is in /usr/src/linux
/usr/local: user-level program directory, equivalent to C: /Progrem Files/. The user-compiled software is installed to this directory by default;
/usr/local/bin: Locally added command
/usr/local/lib: Locally added library
/usr/local/src: user-level source code directory
Reference: https://blog.csdn.net/tanga842428/article/details/52925422
file properties
E.g:
2095109 drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4.0K 11-13 06:08 test3illustrate:
First column:
inode: index node
Second column: file type and permissions
The first bit indicates the file type: d is a directory file, l is a link file, - is a normal file, p is a pipe;
bits 2-4 indicate the permissions owned by the owner of the file: r is read, w is write, x is to execute;
bits 5-7 indicate the permissions of users in the same group as the owner of the file;
bits 8-10 indicate permissions of other users;
Third column: number of hard links
The fourth column: the owner, which user the file belongs to
The fifth column: the group to which it belongs, which user group the file belongs to
The sixth column: the size of the file or directory;
Seventh and eighth columns: last access or modification time;
Column 9: file name or directory name
file color
- White: Indicates normal files
- Blue: indicates the directory
- Green: Indicates executable files
- Red: Indicates compressed files
- Light blue: linked files
- Flashing red: Indicates a problem with the linked file
- Yellow: Indicates device files
- Gray: Indicates other files