"Double carbon" is the abbreviation of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. my country strives to achieve carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. The "Double Carbon" strategy advocates a green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon lifestyle. my country has accelerated the pace of reducing carbon emissions and vigorously promoted green and low-carbon technological innovation to improve the global competitiveness of industries and economies.
Low-carbon buildings refer to reducing the use of fossil energy, improving energy efficiency, and reducing carbon dioxide emissions during the entire life cycle of building materials and equipment manufacturing, construction and building use.
Please find relevant information to solve the following problems:
Question 1:
| month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| average temperature | -1 | 2 | 6 | 12 | 22 | 28 | 31 | 32 | 26 | 23 | 15 | 2 |
Assuming that the temperature in the building needs to be kept at 18-26 degrees all the time, when the temperature is not suitable, the temperature must be adjusted by electricity, and the consumption of one degree of electricity is equivalent to 0.28 kilograms of carbon emissions. Please calculate the annual carbon emissions of the building that adjusts the temperature through air conditioning (assuming that the air-conditioning heating performance coefficient COP is 3.5, and the cooling performance coefficient EER is 2.7). (Try to use the conditions given in this question to calculate carbon emissions, without considering other losses)
Question 2: In the entire life cycle of residential buildings (construction, operation, demolition), there are many factors that affect carbon emissions, such as building design standards, climate, production and transportation of building materials, regional differences, energy consumption for construction and demolition, decoration style, usage Energy consumption, building type, etc. Please search and analyze data, establish a mathematical model, and find indicators that are highly correlated with the above factors and are easy to quantify, and based on these indicators, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of residential buildings.
Question 3: On the basis of Question 2, consider the carbon emissions of the three stages of the building life cycle, search for relevant information, establish a mathematical model, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the residential/building carbon emissions of 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province in 2021 , and verify the effectiveness of the built evaluation model.
Question 4: Accurate carbon emission forecasting can provide an important reference for formulating emission reduction policies and optimizing low-carbon building design. Establish a carbon emission prediction model, based on the historical data of carbon emissions in the whole process of construction in Jiangsu Province, predict the carbon emissions in the whole process of construction in Jiangsu Province in 2023.
Question 5: Please give policy suggestions for building carbon emission reduction in Jiangsu Province based on the previous discussion.