Computer Information Security
"The security protection of computer information systems shall ensure the security of computers and their related and supporting equipment and facilities (including networks), the security of the operating environment, the security of information, and the normal functioning of computers, so as to maintain the computer information system. safe operation.” Article 3 of the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Security Protection of Computer Information Systems
Three Aspects of Information Security
Computer security: information processing, storage device security
Information security: the security of the processing and use of the information itself
Network security: the security of information transmission equipment and processes
The above aspects are very interpenetrating and influencing each other.
Safety technology is not equal to safety engineering
safety technology:
(Device-oriented) Technical means to maintain data confidentiality, integrity, availability, recordability, privacy, etc.
Safety Engineering:
Organizational measures for information security in the development, integration, operation management, maintenance and evolution of systems and applications (for enterprises or organizations)
Example: Digital watermarking technology (which can prevent illegal copying of DVDs) belongs to the category of information security technology, but goes beyond the category of network security; while the purpose of router attacks is to destroy network transmission capabilities, but has little to do with information itself.
computer security
Physical security: physical security of equipment, control of personnel
Data security: storage media physical security, data security
Software security: operating system security, application security
Physical Security of Computers
Computer equipment (computer room) security
Control over personnel using equipment
computer room security
venue selection
Fire protection (alarm and fire protection measures)
interior decoration
Supply and distribution system
Air Conditioning System
water proof
anti-static
Electromagnetic wave protection
Security level of computer room
"Computing Station Site Safety Requirements" (GB9361-88)
Class A: For systems and equipment requiring the highest safety and reliability
Class B: Between Class A and Class C
Category C: General systems and equipment with minimum safety and reliability
Class A and Class B must meet all the provisions on the above conditions
Class C has no requirements on site, interior decoration, waterproof, anti-static, etc.
Safety in the computer room
Environmental safety: away from corrosive, flammable, explosive and toxic environments
Earthquake reliability: keep away from electromagnetic interference sources, avoid strong vibration and strong noise sources, avoid setting in high-rise buildings, principle water supply equipment (pipelines)
Computer room architectural design requirements
The theme structure should adopt a column network with a large bay span
Satisfies the conditions of earthquake resistance, fire prevention, waterproof and uneven settlement
Floor height 2.5~3.2m
Floor load: Class A:
Grade B:
Door: well-sealed, with self-closing function, and the entrance and exit of personnel should be able to open and close in both directions
Computer room composition and area
Composition: main engine room, basic work room, auxiliary room (divided into 3 categories)
Area: A=(5~7) S, where S: equipment area
Equipment layout: the distance between the front of the cabinet > 1.5m, the distance between the sides of the cabinet > 0.5m, and the distance between the back of the cabinet and the wall > 1.2m
Environmental conditions of the computer room-1
Room temperature and humidity conditions
Environmental conditions in the computer room - 2
Air Cleanliness:
Dust particles with a diameter greater than 0.5um <18000
noise:
(Stop state) <68dB at main operator position
Electromagnetic Interference:
<800A/m
A change of 0.07 gauss can make the computer run wrong
A change of 0.7 gauss can damage computer equipment
Environmental conditions in the computer room——3
Vibration: (at stop state) ground horizontal and vertical vibration acceleration <500
Static electricity: Floors, countertops, seat upholstery must be
Grounding: independent grounding device, grounding resistance <4 ohms
Lighting: >300 lumens at a distance of 0.8m from the ground in the main sentence room
