Binary deployment K8S cluster (single master)

Enterprise 2023-06-24 20:34:09 views: null

Table of contents

1. Architecture diagram

2. Deployment steps

1. Experimental environment

2. Operating system initialization configuration

3. Deploy the docker engine

4. Deploy etcd cluster

5. Deploy the Master component

1. Architecture diagram

2. Deployment steps

1. Experimental environment

server type IP address
master 192.168.80.5
node01 192.168.80.8
node02 192.168.80.9

2. Operating system initialization configuration

#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X

#关闭selinux
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

#关闭swap
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

#根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02

#在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.80.5 master01
192.168.80.7 master02
192.168.80.8 node01
192.168.80.9 node02
EOF

#调整内核参数
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF

sysctl --system

#时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

3. Deploy the docker engine

*所有node节点部署docker引擎
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

systemctl start docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service

4. Deploy etcd cluster

Operate on the master01 node

#准备cfssl证书生成工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl*

#生成Etcd证书
mkdir /opt/k8s
cd /opt/k8s/

#上传 etcd-cert.sh 和 etcd.sh 到 /opt/k8s/ 目录中
chmod +x etcd-cert.sh etcd.sh

#创建用于生成CA证书、etcd 服务器证书以及私钥的目录
mkdir /opt/k8s/etcd-cert
mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert/
cd /opt/k8s/etcd-cert/
./etcd-cert.sh			#生成CA证书、etcd 服务器证书以及私钥

ls
ca-config.json  ca-csr.json  ca.pem        server.csr       server-key.pem
ca.csr          ca-key.pem   etcd-cert.sh  server-csr.json  server.pem

#上传 etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz 到 /opt/k8s 目录中，启动etcd服务
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz

cd /opt/k8s/
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
ls etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64
Documentation  etcd  etcdctl  README-etcdctl.md  README.md  READMEv2-etcdctl.md

#创建用于存放 etcd 配置文件，命令文件，证书的目录
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl}

cd /opt/k8s/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/
mv etcd etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/
cp /opt/k8s/etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

cd /opt/k8s/
./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.80.5 etcd02=https://192.168.80.8:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.80.9:2380
#进入卡住状态等待其他节点加入，这里需要三台etcd服务同时启动，如果只启动其中一台后，服务会卡在那里，直到集群中所有etcd节点都已启动，可忽略这个情况

#可另外打开一个窗口查看etcd进程是否正常
ps -ef | grep etcd

#把etcd相关证书文件、命令文件和服务管理文件全部拷贝到另外两个etcd集群节点
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

Operate on the node01 node

vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd02"											#修改
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.80.8:2380"			#修改
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.80.8:2379"		#修改

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.80.8:2380"		#修改
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.80.8:2379"				#修改
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.80.5:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.80.8:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.80.9:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#启动etcd服务
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl status etcd

Operate on the node02 node

vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd03"											#修改
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.80.9:2380"			#修改
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.80.9:2379"		#修改

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.80.9:2380"		#修改
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.80.9:2379"				#修改
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.80.5:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.80.8:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.80.9:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#启动etcd服务
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl status etcd

Check etcd cluster status and view member list

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.80.5:2379,https://192.168.80.8:2379,https://192.168.80.9:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.80.5:2379,https://192.168.80.8:2379,https://192.168.80.9:2379" --write-out=table member list

5. Deploy the Master component

Operate on the master01 node

#上传 master.zip 和 k8s-cert.sh 到 /opt/k8s 目录中，解压 master.zip 压缩包
cd /opt/k8s/
unzip master.zip
chmod +x *.sh

#创建kubernetes工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} -p

#创建用于生成CA证书、相关组件的证书和私钥的目录
mkdir /opt/k8s/k8s-cert
mv /opt/k8s/k8s-cert.sh /opt/k8s/k8s-cert
cd /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
vim k8s-cert.sh
./k8s-cert.sh				#生成CA证书、相关组件的证书和私钥

ls *pem
admin-key.pem  apiserver-key.pem  ca-key.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  
admin.pem      apiserver.pem      ca.pem      kube-proxy.pem

#复制CA证书、apiserver相关证书和私钥到 kubernetes工作目录的 ssl 子目录中
cp ca*pem apiserver*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

#上传 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 到 /opt/k8s/ 目录中，解压 kubernetes 压缩包
#下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.20/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md
#注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

cd /opt/k8s/
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#复制master组件的关键命令文件到 kubernetes工作目录的 bin 子目录中
cd /opt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kubectl kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
ln -s /opt/kubernetes/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

#创建 bootstrap token 认证文件，apiserver 启动时会调用，然后就相当于在集群内创建了一个这个用户，接下来就可以用 RBAC 给他授权
cd /opt/k8s/
vim token.sh
#!/bin/bash
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

chmod +x token.sh
./token.sh

cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv

#二进制文件、token、证书都准备好后，开启 apiserver 服务
cd /opt/k8s/
./apiserver.sh 192.168.80.5 https://192.168.80.5:2379,https://192.168.80.8:2379,https://192.168.80.9:2379

#检查进程是否启动成功
ps aux | grep kube-apiserver

netstat -natp | grep 6443   #安全端口6443用于接收HTTPS请求，用于基于Token文件或客户端证书等认证


#启动 scheduler 服务
cd /opt/k8s/
./scheduler.sh
ps aux | grep kube-scheduler

#启动 controller-manager 服务
./controller-manager.sh
ps aux | grep kube-controller-manager



#生成kubectl连接集群的kubeconfig文件
./admin.sh

#通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态
kubectl get cs

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