There are several key factors to consider when choosing the resolution and bandwidth of your video stream. These factors include the set bitrate, number of concurrencies, and the user's device profile. First of all, the bit rate refers to the data transmission rate of the video stream, usually expressed in megabits per second (Mbps). A higher bitrate usually means a higher quality video stream, but also requires more bandwidth. Taking 1080P definition as an example, cloud streaming usually requires a bandwidth of 3~8Mbps.
If the definition is upgraded to 4K, the video on demand industry will generally use a bit rate of 5~8Mbps, while cloud streaming services may require 10Mbps or even more (these numbers are only for reference, the actual situation may be different) . Secondly, the number of concurrencies will also have an impact on bandwidth requirements. If multiple users access the video stream simultaneously, bandwidth requirements increase accordingly. Taking the code rate of 8Mbps as an example, if 5 users access it at the same time, a bandwidth of 40Mbps will be required. If the number of concurrent connections increases to 10, 80Mbps bandwidth is required. It’s important to note that concurrency numbers are typically not particularly high for industries such as digital twins.
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Questions about broadband when deploying real-time cloud rendering technology
1. Bandwidth requirements are affected by concurrency and the bit rate of the video stream
Concurrency refers to the number of people watching or operating online at the same time. The bit rate of the video stream will directly affect the bandwidth demand. High bitrate video streams require larger bandwidth for transmission. For example, usually 1080P video applications are within the bitrate range of 24m, while cloud streaming is around 3-4m. 4K resolution video streams are generally in the 5-8m range, and may reach 10m or higher in cloud streaming solutions. If real-time cloud rendering technology requires a lot of bandwidth, it may be because the bit rate of the video stream in the software or application itself is too high, or because there are too many people online at the same time.
2. Real-time cloud rendering technology can liberate time and space constraints and expand the availability of terminal types, especially support for mobile phones.
At 1080P resolution, real-time cloud rendering technology has relatively low bandwidth requirements, but if the resolution is increased to 4K, the bandwidth requirements will increase accordingly. When there are concurrent operations, such as spectator mode, bandwidth requirements will further increase.
3. Method for calculating bandwidth requirements: Assuming the bit rate of the video stream is 8M, then 10 people online at the same time require 80M bandwidth
When the number of onlookers is 20 and the total number of people online is 30, 240M bandwidth is required. If the bandwidth is insufficient, you can consider taking corresponding processing methods. It should be noted that 4K is not necessarily better than 1080P. It needs to be decided based on the actual situation of the user's device, including the resolution supported by the monitor.
4. Network deployment plan: Real-time cloud rendering technology is feasible under both public network and local area network conditions
Under public network conditions, the bandwidth can be calculated according to the above method, and the delay can also be controlled within tens of milliseconds. Under LAN conditions, Gigabit LAN bandwidth is usually sufficient. For public network deployment, cloud servers from major manufacturers can be distributed in different regions across the country to meet demand.
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Some video streaming services also support spectator mode, where others besides the operator can watch the entire process. In spectator mode, with each additional spectator, the bandwidth requirement will increase accordingly. For example, assuming there are 10 concurrent users but 20 onlookers, a total of 30 people participate, then the bandwidth demand will reach 240Mbps.
It should be noted that not all user devices support 4K display. If the user's monitor does not support 4K resolution, it may not make much sense to provide a 4K-definition video stream. Most of the current mainstream monitors support 1080P resolution. In addition, there is a certain difference between resolution and clarity. The image quality of a high-bitrate 1080P resolution video stream may not be worse than a lower-bitrate 4K resolution video stream. Resolution only refers to the original size of the picture, and clarity is also related to encoding settings such as bit rate.