Docker acquaintance --docker installation, and use a simple instruction image

First, what is docker

Docker is an open source application container engine that lets developers can package their applications and dependencies into a portable mirror, and then publish to any of the popular Linux or Windows machine can be virtualized. The container is full use of the sandbox mechanism will not have any interface with each other.

Two, Docker installation

rpm (rhel) docker can be installed to the official website to find their own self-installing docker
here we are ready version docker18.06

open docker

[root@server1 docker]# systemctl start docker

View information on installing good docker

[root@server1 docker]# docker info

Third, add docker mirroring, and run

In the beginning we have to let everyone interested docker, we prepared a 2048 game, where as a mirror to show Docker
1. Add game2048 mirror

[root@server1 ~]# ls
docker  game2048.tar
[root@server1 ~]# docker load -i game2048.tar 
011b303988d2: Loading layer   5.05MB/5.05MB
36e9226e74f8: Loading layer  51.46MB/51.46MB
192e9fad2abc: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
6d7504772167: Loading layer  4.608kB/4.608kB
88fca8ae768a: Loading layer  629.8kB/629.8kB
Loaded image: game2048:latest

2. Check the docker's image

[root@server1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE	
game2048            latest              19299002fdbe        2 years ago         55.5MB

Here we are only a mirror of course we just added game2048
3. Run docker Mirror

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 --name game game2048
f0a654b8735cc259ab552def3c7bc8e383df1819a558d273c2fdd26ea911b363

Note that we are here -d means running in the background, otherwise he will take up our end, if not to run in the background, -it parameters you can use, -name renaming is a way, or we mirrored not distinguish between the process, -p is doing an address mapping, so you can make use of our physical machines docker port
4. View mirror running

[root@server1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
f0a654b8735c        game2048            "/bin/sh -c 'sed -i …"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp   game
如果要查看所有的运行镜像，包括暂停的镜像，同ps命令一样，加参数-a即可

5. Review the operation of specific information mirror

and we see this specific operation process mirrors, and startup scripts, generate ip, port number, etc. can be queried
6. browser to view docker

Fourth, some simple command docker's

1.docker allocation of ip
after docker run, the system automatically allocates a ip

2.docker version View

[root@server1 ~]# docker version 
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:23:03 2018
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:25:29 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

3.docker common commands

# docker load -i ubuntu.tar  导入镜像
# docker run -it --name vm1 ubuntu    创建容器（以ubuntu镜像为模板）
# docker ps  查看容器状态
# docker ps -a   查看容器状态（包括不活跃的容器）
# docker attach vm1   连接容器
# docker top vm1   查看容器进程
# docker logs vm1 查看容器指令输出 -f 参数可以实时查看
# docker inspect vm1 查看容器详情
# docker stats vm1 查看容器资源使用率
# docker diff vm1 查看容器修改
# docker stop vm1 停止容器
# docker start vm1 启动容器
# docker kill vm1 强制干掉容器
# docker restart vm1 重启容器
# docker pause/unpause vm1  暂停/恢复容器
# docker rm vm1  删除容器

Five, docker quickly build nginx server

1. Import images, create a container

2. Review the information vm1 container

3. The browser access

4. Write a default publishing page, and then copy it to the default publishing directory container ninx

[root@server1 ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@server1 tmp]# ls
[root@server1 tmp]# mkdir docker
[root@server1 tmp]# cd docker/
[root@server1 docker]# vim index.html
[root@server1 docker]# cat index.html 
hello
[root@server1 docker]# docker cp index.html vm1:/usr/share/nginx/html

Browser Testing
The course can also be used to mount the way

[root@server1 docker]# docker cp index.html vm1:/usr/share/nginx/html 
[root@server1 docker]# docker rm -f vm1
vm1
[root@server1 docker]# docker run -d --name vm1 -p 80:80 -v /tmp/docker/:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx	-v挂载，：前面的为本地的文件，后面的是docker的文件目录
2c1c05f6d6118de5f00c809ea70586069a271252746b195cade83acf9a05bce9
[root@server1 docker]# vim index.html 
[root@server1 docker]# cat index.html 
hello
hello
hello

Browser Test:

Sixth, the use of docker to create an interactive container

We are all created in front of the container into the background, then we here to create an interactive container, we have to ubentu system image, for example

[root@server1 docker]# docker images ubuntu
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              07c86167cdc4        3 years ago         188MB
[root@server1 docker]# docker run -it --name vm2 ubuntu
root@d89d5ee155db:/# ls
bin   dev  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
boot  etc  lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@d89d5ee155db:/# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
root@d89d5ee155db:/# 

Interactive end

ctrl+pq　　　不停止容器，后台运行
ctrl+d　　　 直接结束容器，释放内存
rm　　 		删除容器
rmi 　　		删除镜像