dict.setdefault (key, default = None) -> has acquired key value, otherwise setting key: default, and return to default, default value Default None
dict.get (key, default = None) -> there is key to get the value, otherwise default. default The default value is None.
Examples: Each loop iteration message character string, calculates the number of each character occurring
import pprint message = "It is a good day, is not it?I mean the weather is good today." count1 = {} for char in message: count1.setdefault(char, 0) count1[char] += 1 count2 = {} for char in message: count2[char] = count2.get(char, 0) + 1 pprint.pprint(count1) pprint.pprint(count2)
Extended:
defaultdict: the plant belongs to a function in the collections module for building an object dictionary, a receiving function (callable) object as a parameter. What type parameter returns, key corresponding to the value is what type.
example:
General writing:
data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3), ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)] result = {} for (key, value) in data: if key not in result: result[key] = [] result[key].append(value)
setdefault:
result = {} data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3), ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)] for (key, value) in data: result.setdefault(key, []).append(value)
defaultdict:
from collections import defaultdict result = defaultdict(list) data = [("p", 1), ("p", 2), ("p", 3), ("h", 1), ("h", 2), ("h", 3)] for (key, value) in data: result[key].append(value)