Based vue of the project webpack

Reference documents: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012789253?utm_source=tag-newest　　

webpack configured reference to the vue-cli provides webpack-simplea template, this is the easiest vue-cli inside a webpack configuration is well suited to learn from scratch (install node.js itself)

1, see npm -v has been installed

asl -v

2, installation webpack

npm i webpack -g

3, installation webpack4

npm i webpack-cli -g

4, create a new folder vue-webpack-simple

New package.json

5, enter the directory just created

6, execution

asl s init

AnSo vue webpack webpack-dev-server

npm i vue --save
npm i webpack webpack-dev-server --save-dev

7, the new index.html in the root directory

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    
</body>
</html>

8、根目录下新建webpack.config.js

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {};

9、新建src文件夹，src文件夹下新建main.js

整个项目的结构如下

10、JS模块化

在ES6出现之前，js是没有统一的模块体系。
服务器端使用CommonJS规范,而浏览器端又有AMD和CMD两种规范webpack的思想就是一切皆模块，官方推荐使用commonJS规范，这使得我们浏览器端也可以使用commonJS的模块化写法

module.exports = {}

11、src目录下新建一个util.js

module.exports = function say() {
    console.log('hello world');
}

main.js

var say = require('./util');
say();

修改webpack.config.js

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {
    entry: './src/main.js', // 项目的入口文件，webpack会从main.js开始，把所有依赖的js都加载打包
    output: {
        path: path.resolve(__dirname, './dist'), // 项目的打包文件路径
        publicPath: '/dist/', // 通过devServer访问路径
        filename: 'build.js' // 打包后的文件名
    },
    devServer: {
        historyApiFallback: true,
        overlay: true
    }
};

修改package.josn

"scripts": {
    "dev": "webpack-dev-server --open --hot",
    "build": "webpack --progress --hide-modules"
  },

注意：webpack-dev-server会自动启动一个静态资源web服务器 --hot参数表示启动热更新

修改index.html，引入打包后的文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script src="/dist/build.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

11、运行

npm run dev

可以发现浏览器自动打开的一个页面，查看控制台，有hello world打出

随意修改util.js，可以发现浏览器会自动刷新，非常方便。

12、打包后的bundle.js文件，运行

npm run build

13、可以看到生成了一个dist目录，里面就有打包好后的bundle.js

21、引入vue

安装vue

npm install vue

main.js

import Vue from 'vue';

var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    message: 'Hello Vue!'
  }
});

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app">
        {{message}}
    </div>
    <script src="/dist/build.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

修改webpack.config.js文件

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {
    entry: './src/main.js',
    output: {
        path: path.resolve(__dirname, './dist'),
        publicPath: '/dist/',
        filename: 'build.js'
    },
    devServer: {
        historyApiFallback: true,
        overlay: true
    },
    resolve: {
        alias: {
            'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js'
        }
    }
};

22、重新执行

npm run dev

31、引入scss和css

webpack默认只支持js的模块化，如果需要把其他文件也当成模块引入，就需要相对应的loader解析器

npm i node-sass css-loader vue-style-loader sass-loader --save-dev

或者单独安装scss

npm install scss-loader scss --save-dev

webpack.config.js

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {
    entry: './src/main.js',
    output: {
        path: path.resolve(__dirname, './dist'),
        publicPath: '/dist/',
        filename: 'build.js'
    },
    devServer: {
        historyApiFallback: true,
        overlay: true
    },
    resolve: {
        alias: {
            'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js'
        }
    },
    module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: /\.css$/,
                use: [
                    'vue-style-loader',
                    'css-loader'
                ],
            }
        ]
    }
};

解释：

{
    test: /\.css$/,
    use: [
        'vue-style-loader',
        'css-loader'
    ],
}

匹配后缀名为css的文件,然后分别用css-loader，vue-style-loader去解析
解析器的执行顺序是从下往上(先css-loader再vue-style-loader)

*用vue开发，所以使用vue-style-loader，其他情况使用style-loader

css-loader使得我们可以用模块化的写法引入css,vue-style-loader会将引入的css插入到html页面里的style标签里

要引入scss也是同理的配置写法:

module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: /\.css$/,
                use: [
                    'vue-style-loader',
                    'css-loader'
                ],
            },
            {
                test: /\.scss$/,
                use: [
                    'vue-style-loader',
                    'css-loader',
                    'sass-loader'
                ],
            },
            {
                test: /\.sass$/,
                use: [
                    'vue-style-loader',
                    'css-loader',
                    'sass-loader?indentedSyntax'
                ],
            }]
    }

在src目录下新建style目录，style目录里新建common.scss

body {
    background: #fed;
}

main.js

import './style/common.scss';

运行效果

npm run dev

41、使用babel转码

ES6的语法大多数浏览器依旧不支持,bable可以把ES6转码成ES5语法，这样我们就可以大胆的在项目中使用最新特性了

npm i babel-core babel-loader babel-preset-env babel-preset-stage-3 --save-dev

项目根目录新建一个.babelrc文件

{
  "presets": [
    ["env", { "modules": false }],
    "stage-3"
  ]
}

webpack.config.js添加一个loader

{
    test: /\.js$/,
    loader: 'babel-loader',
    exclude: /node_modules/
}

exclude表示忽略node_modules文件夹下的文件，不用转码，试下async await语法

util.js

export default function getData() {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        resolve('ok');
    })
}

main.js

import getData from './util';
import Vue from 'vue';

import './style/common.scss';

var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    message: 'Hello Vue!'
  },
  methods: {
    async fetchData() {
      const data = await getData();
      this.message = data;
    }
  },
  created() {
    this.fetchData();
  }
});

控制台会报一个错误regeneratorRuntime is not defined，因为我们没有安装babel-polyfill

npm i babel-polyfill --save-dev

修改webpack.config.js的入口

entry: ['babel-polyfill', './src/main.js'],

重新npm run dev，可以发现正常运行

Based vue of the project webpack

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