Linux command :
| /bin | Binary is the abbreviation This directory is the most frequently used commands |
|---|---|
| /sbin | s is the Super User hypervisor mean, here storage system administrators |
| /home | Store home directories ordinary users, each user has their own directory in Linux, the directory is usually the user's account name |
| /root | The catalog for the system administrator, who is also known as super user's home directory permissions |
| /lib | Power systems need the most basic dynamic link shared libraries, its role is similar to Windows DLL files inside. Almost all applications need to use these shared libraries |
| /etc | All of the systems management needs of configuration files and subdirectories |
| /usr | This is a very important directory, many applications and user files are placed in this directory, similar to the program files directory under Windows |
| /boot | Here are some of the core stored in files that are used when you start Linux, including some connection files and image files, do not put your installation here |
| /proc | This directory is a virtual directory, which is the system memory map, we can get system information directly access this directory by |
| /sys | Servic abbreviation of the directory to store some of the data to be extracted after the service starts |
| /has | This directory is used to store temporary files |
| /dev | Similar to the Windows Device Manager, all the hardware in the form of file storage |
| /media | Linux system will automatically identify some devices, such as U disk, CD-ROM, etc., after the identification, the identification device Linux will mount this directory |
| / mnt | Linux system will automatically identify some devices, such as U disk, CD-ROM, etc., after the identification, the identification device Linux will mount this directory |
| /opt | This is for the host to install additional software placed in the directory. For example, you install a MySQL data you can put this directory. The default is empty. |
| /where | This directory contains a constantly expanding with something we were used to modify those directories are often placed in this directory. Including log files |
| /selinux | Selinux is a safe from the system, it can control the program only access to specific files |
| /lost+found | Empty this directory Normally, when the system is shut down illegal, some files stored here |
VI / VIM editor
VI is the Unix operating system and Unix operating system is the most common text editor.
VIM editor is developed from a more powerful VI text editor.
You can take the initiative to identify the grammatical correctness font color for easy programming.
VIM is fully compatible with the VI editor.
General pattern to open a vi file directly into the general pattern of the (this is the default mode).
In this mode, you can use the "up and down" button to move the cursor, you can use the "Delete character" or "delete the entire line" to handle the contents of the file, you can use "Copy, Paste" to handle your data file .
| grammar | Functional Description |
|---|---|
| yy | Copy the current cursor line |
| Digital y y | Copy the period (from a few lines to a few lines) |
| p | Paste line arrow to the object |
| in | Undo the last step |
| dd | Delete current line cursor |
| Digital d d | How many lines after the cursor is deleted (including) |
| x | To delete a letter, equivalent to del, delete backwards |
| X | To delete a letter, equivalent to Backspace, delete forward |
| is | Copy a word |
| dw | To delete a word |
| shift+ ^ | To move the line head |
| shift+$ | Move to the end of the line |
| gg or 1 + G | Move to header |
| G | Move to footer |
| – | – |
| Digital + G (first input number, press G) | Move to the goal line |
Edit mode
operation can be carried out in normal mode to delete, copy, paste, etc., but you can not edit the contents of the file! To enter edit mode will wait until you press any letter "i, I, o, O, a, A, r, R " and so on. Attention! Usually in Linux, when you press these buttons will appear the words "INSERT or REPLACE" in the lower left of the screen, then it can be edited. And if you want to return to normal mode, you must press the "Esc" button to exit the edit mode.
1, enter the edit mode
| button | Features |
|---|---|
| i | Before the current cursor |
| a | The current cursor |
| O | The next line of the current cursor row |
| I | Cursor line foremost |
| A | The last line where the cursor |
| O | On the current line of the cursor line |
2. exit edit mode
press the "Esc" key
指令模式
在一般模式当中，输入『 : / ?』3个中的任何一个按钮，就可以将光标移动到最底下那一行。在这个模式当中， 可以提供你『搜寻资料』的动作，而读取、存盘、大量取代字符、离开 vi 、显示行号等动作是在此模式中达成的！
1．基本语法
| 命令 | 功能 |
|---|---|
| ：w | 保存 |
| ：q | 退出 |
| ：！ | 强制执行 |
| /要查找的词 | n 查找下一个，N 往上查找 |
| ? 要查找的词 | n是查找上一个，N是往下查找 |
| :set nu | 显示行号 |
| ：set nonu | -关闭行号 |
| ZZ（shift+zz） | 没有修改文件直接退出，如果修改了文件保存后退出 |
2．案例实操
（1）强制保存退出:wq!
