Wen | was ringing
Source | Technology to say so (xiangling0815)
Recently, the NDRC, the Ministry and other 11 ministries jointly issued "on the issuance of" Smart Automotive Innovation Development Strategy "notice" (hereinafter referred to as "Strategy"), although before the countries have also introduced over documents related to smart cars, but they are the development of a part of the overall framework of the AI industry, today introduced the "strategy" is China's first state-level special file for the smart car.
Since this document relates to smart car almost all legal, technical, insurance, and other parts that may be encountered in the whole life cycle for the industry with a huge boost.
We in the excitement, there are questions about how intelligent driving a public enterprise to undertake the country from this strategy?
First, from industrial products to the intelligent terminal, 11 ministries and commissions to redefine car
In fact, "strategy" From 2017 to begin drafting a back and forth over a period of three years to be finalized, "draft" compared to the previous, the biggest difference between "strategy" that the release of the Chinese standard built Smart car the length of time, more pragmatic.
The release of "strategy" to determine the strategic objectives for the two phases of the development of China's Smart car.
The first stage is 2025, the Chinese standard of technological innovation intelligent vehicles, industrial ecology, infrastructure, regulations and standards, product and network security supervision system will be formed basically, to achieve smart car automatic driving conditions to achieve large-scale production, achieve a high degree of intelligent automatic driving automotive market applications under certain circumstances.
The second stage is looking forward to 2035 to 2050, Chinese standard smart car system fully completed, more perfect, before "draft," the goal is "to 2035 built Smart car power."
Through the "strategy" to interpret, we also noted that with the development of the smart car, the state also amended the definition of the car: "The car from a mere means of transport gradually transformed into smart mobile terminals and applications space, into a new format important carrier. "
The reason why there is such a change, that the smart car has two characteristics.
One is different from the traditional car, smart car is the integration of multiple carrier industry industrial manufacturing, information networks, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, the ability to carry these industry changes.
Second, the smart car will be driven by urban construction, multifaceted development of urban management, transportation, environmental protection and other features with the underlying foundation.
If prior to this, a lot of people to the concept of smart car is not very clear, so now ongoing epidemic prevention and control of World War II, appeared in local hospitals, residential, airports, high-speed rail station unmanned intelligent vehicle then give us a class.
Like Chi Walker after Apollo-based open platform for research and development from the autopilot unmanned sweeper white worm, has been operating in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University ENT Hospital and other hospitals in the scene, outbreak, intellectual Walker and assault research and development of unmanned delivery vehicles, unmanned robot clinics, ready to help at any time of epidemic prevention and control.
Apollo other two partners Neolithic and ecological enlightenment cattle were also launched unmanned intelligent products for the prevention and control of the epidemic.
Neolithic unmanned decontamination vehicle in Shanghai Zhangjiang artificial island, to achieve the normalization of disinfection work the whole pavement; Wu cattle is intelligent Qingdao Green large Affiliated Hospital and other medical institutions donated and deployed nearly 30 autopilot spray disinfection robot.
More than enough to reflect Case Smart car compared to conventional cars Youyuezhichu, also demonstrated the feasibility and necessity of the development of intelligent driving to a certain extent.
Second, the key to innovation and development of four cars who dominate the field?
Read the whole "strategy", we ultimately want to establish a "Chinese standard smart car system", the "standard system" for dismantling, vehicle networking systems, intelligent transportation, automotive industry and autopilot technology platform has become the key to the whole system concatenated and nodes.
So who can seize the four key innovation and development of intelligent automotive, construction become "standards" of the main play it?
1, vehicle networking system is the smart car's center in the brain
Currently the shining mature and intelligent terminals, whether computer or mobile phone, the operating system of the importance of self-evident.
Similarly, the smart car if it wants to achieve a breakthrough, as the center of the brain vehicle networking system is one of the key base.
It is also because of this, almost all the Internet heavyweights have joined to close combat vehicle networking systems.
In addition to the introduction of foreign apples CarPlay, so that car prices and force the user can introduce the operator of mobile phones and other peripherals through low-cost way, other than mobile Internet services, also has been developing such a car similar to iOS autonomous system; Google also last May's "Google I / O 2019 Conference" Android Automotive OS officially announced on the train.
China's Huawei are also wrestling on BAT and vehicle networking systems.
阿里早在2011年推出了AliOS的前身YunOS；腾讯则通过车载微信的应用先上车，后续或通过WeChat OS完成梦想；华为则推出了Hicar系统和Harmony OS鸿蒙系统两套方案，目前Harmony OS鸿蒙系统还未实现上车。
百度Apollo基于DuerOS基础进化而来的小度车载OS是一套坚持体现汽车中控大屏价值的车联网系统。与CarPlay介乎手机与车载系统之间，更多被视为一个车联网应用的尴尬身份有所不同，小度车载OS是作为一个独立的车联网系统而存在，小度车载OS更大意义在于，可以让汽车厂商具备从底层OTA到云端的数据管理平台的所有能力，快速实现车载OS的定制与部署。目前，百度车联网及AI能力已覆盖60大车企，超过400款车型。
就目前车联网系统的竞争格局来看，中国强于美国，而百度Apollo小度车载OS由于起步较早，合作伙伴众多，领跑国内第一阵营。
2、智能交通是连接“人-车-路-云”的动脉网络
我们在谈到智能驾驶的时候，经常会说：“不仅要做聪明的车，也要建智能的路。”
如果将车联网系统比作大脑，那么智能交通就是连接“人-车-路-云”的大动脉，同时也是实现交通强国的关键技术路径。
在这一领域，百度、阿里和华为是国内三个主要玩家，百度的表现尤为突出。
阿里的实践主要集中在智慧高速上，华为则继续着自己在通讯领域和硬件芯片方面的强项构建可商用的C-V2X解决方案。
百度的打法是，通过”ACE王牌计划” 将自动驾驶、车路协同、智能城市这三方的需求进行整合。遵循着这一思路，Apollo车路协同开放平台在去年12月的Apollo生态伙伴大会上发布的智能交通解决方案聚焦于智能网联自动驾驶、智能网联辅助驾驶、交通诱导与信号控制、运营车监管、出行服务、智能停车六种场景应用打造出了“长沙样本”。
根据百度提供的数据显示，Apollo车路协同已经成功避免测试路段90%路口急刹、解决50%停车停滞等交通问题。就目前的效果来看，Apollo似乎抓住了智能交通的症结，通过AI的思维而不是互联网思维来解决智能交通的问题。
3、自动驾驶技术是汽车创新综合能力的体现
无论是车联网还是智能交通，最终都要回到自动驾驶技术的原点。
就自动驾驶的底层技术而言，其中就包括车联网系统、高精度地图、机器视觉、即时定位、车路协同、地图重建等多项技术，从软件到硬件再到芯片，虽然没有一个厂商可以掌握全部技术，但必须能对这些技术进行有效整合形成自己的能力，这考验的是厂商的综合能力。
如果说车联网系统和智能交通方面，互联网大佬们的方案各有千秋，各家也都有其专长的一面，但在自动驾驶技术上，百度实力最强在业界则成事实。
根据百度公布的数据显示，Apollo已经在全国23个城市投入420台路测车辆，路测里程已突破300万公里，获中国路测牌照超150张，并以1237件的智能驾驶专利申请量位居中国首位。
另外一个维度，Apollo自动驾驶平台在去年12月发布了全球首个Robotaxi自动驾驶套件，可助力OEM和出行公司快速打造自动驾驶车辆及运营车队，驱动Robotaxi大规模落地。
这也是说，Apollo在最考验自动驾驶技术的Robotaxi上，已经具备了向外输出定制产品的能力。在这方面，Apollo不仅在国内领先，在全球范围内也是领先的。
4、产业平台是各方价值的连接器
上文分析的车联网系统、智能交通和自动驾驶技术这三个层面主要体现的是企业个体在实现智能汽车创新发展战略过程中所能担负起的任务，但对于整个智能汽车产业来说，产业平台将是驱动创新变革的关键力量。
智能汽车产业平台在智能汽车创新中的作用体现在两个方面，一是技术和数据资源的聚合，一是产业价值链的重构。
如何理解？
一方面，通过在平台中开放技术交流，数据积累，吸引更多的开发者参与到智能汽车的研发，推动技术的快速发展。
另外一个方面，既然汽车被重新定义，那么汽车的产业价值链也势必重构，产业平台需要在智能汽车和用户、车企、应用开发者、内容服务商、操作系统商之间形成价值交换和价值循环，这样才能形成一个活跃的、良性的产业生态。
由此看来，Apollo开放平台的责任尤其重要，作为国家认定自动驾驶领域唯一的“自动驾驶国家新一代人工智能开放创新平台”，Apollo开放平台在数据共享、技术交流等研发方面对产业有较大的推动作用，但在产业生态的商业开拓上，Apollo开放平台还需进行更多尝试。
三、心态是智能汽车产业春天来临前最大拦路虎
当汽车不再是工业产品，不再是交通工具，而变成移动空间，成为智能终端的新物种时，在这个过程中必定会遇到很多难以预测的不确定性，因而在智能汽车产业春天到来之前，保持良好心态最为重要。
对于智能汽车研发者而言，这注定是一条漫长而曲折的路径，遇到的技术突破瓶颈也肯定不只一个，这就要求他们必须保持平和心态，切忌焦虑和急躁。
对于传统汽车行业而言，在汽车都被重新定义的背景下，行业肯定也将被重塑，这需要他们用更为积极的心态拥抱变化，迎接挑战。
对于普通用户而言，则需要对新事物足够的宽容和理解，在外部环境上，给智能汽车更为宽松的发展空间。
让子弹多飞一会，让我们都静下心来多思考一下。
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