The basic idea of
the basic idea of Linux there are two points: first, everything is a file; second, every software has identified uses. The first of these is detailed in terms of all the system comes down to a file, including commands, hardware and software equipment, operating systems, processes, etc. for the operating system kernel, the file is considered to have their own characteristics or type of . As for Linux is Unix-based, to a large extent also because the basic idea is very similar to both.
Completely free
Linux is a free operating system, users can get for free online or by other means, and its source code can be modified. This is the other operating systems can not. Because of this, many programmers from around the world participated in the Linux modifications, the preparation, the programmer can be changed according to their interests and inspiration, which makes Linux absorbed the essence of many programmers, has grown.
Fully compatible POSIX1.0 standard
which makes it possible common by the corresponding emulator running under Linux DOS, Windows programs. This laid the foundation for users to Linux from Windows. Many users consider the use of Linux, think of before in the Windows common procedure is working correctly, it eliminates their concerns.
Multi-user, multi-tasking
Linux supports multiple users, each user for their file device has its own special rights to ensure that independently of each other among users. Multitasking is now a major feature of the computer, Linux can run multiple programs simultaneously and independently.
Good interface
Linux has both character and graphical interfaces. To operate in the character corresponding to the user interface, instructions may be input through a keyboard. It also provides a Windows-like graphical interface X-Window system, the user can use the mouse to manipulate. In the X-Window environment on Windows, and similar can be said to be a Linux version of Windows.
It supports multiple platforms
Linux can run on multiple hardware platforms, such as with a platform x86,680x0, SPARC, Alpha and other processor. In addition, an embedded Linux is the operating system that can run on handheld computers, set-top boxes or game consoles. January 2001 release of the Linux 2.4 kernel has been able to fully support Intel64 bit chip architectures. At the same time Linux also supports multi-processor technology. A plurality of processors simultaneously, greatly improving system performance.
Advantage editing
1) Linux from a number of micro-kernel, whose source code is completely open source;
2) Linux has inherited the Unix features, has a very strong network function, which supports all Internet protocols, including TCP / IPv4, TCP / IPv6 and chain path layer topology procedures, and can use the network characteristics of Unix developed a new protocol stack;
. 3) the Linux system tool chain complete, a simple operation can be configured of a suitable development environment, you can simplify the development process, reducing the development of the simulation tool obstacles, the system has a strong portability.
Job:
optional application package placement position / opt additionally installed. Under normal circumstances, we can install tomcat so here.
/ Proc virtual file system directory, is the system memory map. You can directly access the directory to obtain system information.
/ Sbin store binary executable file, only root can access. Here it is stored in system-level management commands and programs used by system administrators. Such as ifconfig and so on.
/ Dev device used to store files.
/ Mnt mount point system administrator to install the temporary file system, the system provides this directory is to enable users to temporarily mount other file systems.
/ Boot used for storing various files for system boot
/ Lib stored with the file system to run the required shared libraries and kernel modules. Dynamically linked shared libraries known as shared libraries, in a role similar to windows .dll files, to store the shared files required to run the root file system.
/ Tmp for storing all kinds of temporary files, temporary files are stored in a common point.
/ Var for the need to change the file data storage operation, the overflow area also some large files, say various services log file (system startup logs, etc.) and so on.
/ Lost + found This directory is usually empty, abnormal system shutdown while leaving the "homeless" document
-x: unlock a file compression parameter instruction.
-z: gzip indication of the property.
-c: express instructions to establish the parameters of a compressed file (create meaning).
-v: shows a display file compression process! The commonly used, but is not recommended for use during the execution of the background!
-f: Use the file name, please note that after f immediately then file name Oh! Do not add parameters!
