负载均衡与web服务集群搭建

主机名	ip地址	角色	vip
lvs01	192.168.1.90	4层负载	192.168.1.206
lvs02	192.168.1.91	4层负载	192.168.1.206
lb01	192.168.1.5	7层负载
lb02	192.168.1.6	7层负载
web-nginx01	172.16.1.33	静态服务器
web-nginx02	172.16.1.34	静态服务器
web-tomcat01	172.16.1.31	动态服务器
web-tomcat02	172.16.1.32	动态服务器

lvs部署

1.编辑realserver脚本文件(在lb01 lb02上)

cd /etc/init.d/
vim realserver
# chkconfig: 35 23 94
SNS_VIP=192.168.1.206
. /etc/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
       ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
       /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "RealServer Start OK"
       ;;
stop)
       ifconfig lo:0 down
       route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       echo "RealServer Stoped"
       ;;
*)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
       exit 1
esac
exit 0

chmod 755 realserver
service realserver start
chkconfig realserver on

2.配置主负载服务器

安装Keepalived ipvsadm相关包

yum install -y keepalived ipvsadm
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {  
   notification_email {  
         [email protected]  
   }  
   notification_email_from [email protected]  
   smtp_server 192.168.80.1  
   smtp_connection_timeout 30
   router_id LVS01              #设置lvs的id，在一个网络内应该是唯一的
}  
vrrp_instance VI_1 {  
    state MASTER               #指定Keepalived的角色，MASTER为主，BACKUP为备          
    interface eth1              #指定Keepalived检测网卡
    virtual_router_id 51           #虚拟路由编号，主备要一致
    priority 100               #定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高，主DR必须大于备用DR    
    advert_int 1               #检查间隔，默认为1s
    authentication {  
        auth_type PASS  
        auth_pass 1111  
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress {  
        192.168.1.206           #定义虚拟IP(VIP)为192.168.1.206，可多设，每行一个
    }  
}  
                                                  
virtual_server 192.168.80.200 80 {           #定义对外提供服务的LVS的VIP以及port
    delay_loop 6               #设置健康检查时间，单位是秒                    
    lb_algo wrr               #设置负载调度的算法为wrr                   
    lb_kind DR                #设置LVS实现负载的机制，有NAT、TUN、DR三个模式   
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0                
    persistence_timeout 0          
    protocol TCP                  
    real_server 192.168.1.5 80 {      #指定real server1的IP地址
        weight 3                    #配置节点权值，数字越大权重越高              
        TCP_CHECK {  
        connect_timeout 10         
        nb_get_retry 3  
        delay_before_retry 3  
        connect_port 80  
        }  
    }  
    real_server 192.168.1.6 80 {      #指定real server2的IP地址
        weight 3   
        TCP_CHECK {  
        connect_timeout 10  
        nb_get_retry 3  
        delay_before_retry 3  
        connect_port 80  
        }  
     }  
}

3.配置备负载服务器

只需要修改

router_id LVS02
priority 99

4.启动keepalived (lvs01 lvs02)

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

chkconfig keepalived on

nginx反向代理 7层负载

1.安装nginx(lb01 lb02)

yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel pcre openssl

mkdir -p /application/tools/

cd /application/tools/

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 504

tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.12.2

./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

ln -s /application/nginx-1.12.2/ /application/nginx

echo "#nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

echo "/application/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

cd /application/nginx/conf

egrep -v "#|^$" /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default > /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

添加后端服务器nginx健康检测模块

1.下载模块

wget https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_upstream_check_module/archive/master.zip

unzip master

2.打补丁

cd /application/tools/nginx-1.12.2

patch -p1 < /application/tools/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/check_1.12.1+.patc

3.重新编译

./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/application/tools/nginx_upstream_check_module-master

make

rm -rf /usr/local/bin/nginx

mv /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /application/nginx/sbin/nginx.bak

cp ./objs/nginx /application/nginx/sbin/

ln -s /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx

4.修改配置文件动静分离静态内容由nginx服务器处理(web-nginx01 web-nginx02) 动态内容由tomcat处理(web-tomcat01 web-tomcat02)

worker_processes 1;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

upstream tomcat {

server 172.16.1.31:8080 weight=1;

server 172.16.1.32:8080 weight=1;

check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=http;

}

upstream nginx {

server 172.16.1.33 weight=1;

server 172.16.1.34 weight=1;

check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=http;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name www.e3mall.com;

location / {

proxy_pass http://tomcat;

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

}

location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css|js)$ {

proxy_pass http://nginx;

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

}

location /status {

check_status;

access_log off;

allow 172.16.1.0/24;

deny all;

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

nginx服务器安装(web-nginx01 web-nginx02)

1.部署nginx

yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel pcre openssl

rpm -qa pcre-devel openssl-devel

2.下载nginx-1.12.2

cd /application/tools/

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 504

3.编译安装

tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.12.2

./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

ln -s /application/nginx-1.12.2/ /application/nginx

chown -R www:www /application/nginx-1.12.2

echo "#nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

echo "/application/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

cd /application/nginx/conf

egrep -v "#|^$" nginx.conf.default > nginx.conf

tomcat服务器安装(web-tomcat01 web-tomcat02)

1.安装jdk1.7

http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/7u80-b15/jdk-7u80-linux-i586.tar.gz

mkdir /java

cd /java

wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/7u80-b15/jdk-7u80-linux-i586.tar.gz

tar xf jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz

chown -R root:root /java/jdk1.7.0_80

cat << EOF >>/etc/profile

export PATH=/java/jdk1.7.0_80/bin:$PATH

export CLASSPATH=.:/java/jdk1.7.0_80/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

EOF

source /etc/profile

2.安装tomcat

wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.88/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.88.tar.gz

tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.88.tar.gz

ln -s /application/tools/apache-tomcat-7.0.88 /application/apache-tomcat

cd /application/apache-tomcat/bin/

tar xf commons-daemon-native.tar.gz

cd commons-daemon-1.1.0-native-src/unix/

./configure

make

cp jsvc /application/apache-tomcat/bin/

建立一个用来运行Tomcat的用户

useradd tomcat -M -s /usr/sbin/nologin -u 504

vim /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh

靠前的地方加入注释

#!/bin/sh

# chkconfig: - 80 20

若创建用户不是tomcat 这里修改为创建用户

test ".$TOMCAT_USER" = . && TOMCAT_USER=tomcat

cd /application/apache-tomcat/bin/

chown -R tomcat:tomcat /application/tools/apache-tomcat-7.0.88

chmod a+x /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh

ln -s /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh /etc/init.d/tomcat7

chkconfig tomcat7 on

/etc/init.d/tomcat7 start

部署动静分离测试网站

1.tomcat1

cd /application/apache-tomcat/webapps/

mkdir nginx/image -p

chown -R tomcat.tomcat /application/apache-tomcat/webapps/nginx

cd nginx

vim index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<body>

<h2>Nginx动静分离</h2>

out.println("["+request.getLocalAddr()+":" +request.getLocalPort()+"]" + "<br/>session id:" + session.getId());

%<br/>

%<img alt="图片" src="/nginx/img/1.jpg" style="width:300px;height:300px">

%</body>

%</html>

vim /application/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml

<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

tomcat2上同上修改网站路径

2.复制测试网站到其他三台服务器

scp -r nginx/ [email protected]:/application/apache-tomcat/webapps/

scp -r nginx/ [email protected]:/application/nginx/html

3.nginx01 nginx02 配置

chown -R www.www /application/nginx/html/nginx

vim /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

worker_processes 1;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

server {

listen 80;

server_name www.e3mall.com;

location / {

root html/nginx;

index index.jsp;

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

动静分离测试

1.删除tomcat服务器下的image目录下的图片

[root@web-tomcat01 image]# rm -rf 1.png

[root@web-tomcat02 image]# rm -rf 1.png

2.网页访问测试

负载均衡与web服务集群搭建

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