192.168.1.7 k8s-master kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd
192.168.1.8 k8s-node1 kubelet,kube-proxy,docker etcd
192.168.1.9 k8s-node2 kubelet,kube-proxy,docker etcd
192.168.1.10 k8s-master2 kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager.kube-scheduler
192.168.1.11 k8s-lb-master nginxL4
VIP 192.168.1.13
192.168.1.12 k8s-lb-backup nginxL4
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名 hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
hostnamectl set-hostname master
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node2
hostnamectl set-hostname master2
hostnamectl set-hostname lb-master
hostnamectl set-hostname lb-backup
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.1.7 k8s-master
192.168.1.8 k8s-node1
192.168.1.9 k8s-node2
192.168.1.10 k8s-master2
192.168.1.11 k8s-lb-master
192.168.1.12 k8s-lb-backup
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
mkdir /script
cd /script
#准备cfssl证书生成工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
#生成Etcd证书
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd ~/TLS/etcd/
自签CA：
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
生成证书：
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem ca.pem
#使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
#创建证书申请文件：
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.1.7",
"192.168.1.8",
"192.168.1.9",
"192.168.1.10",
"192.168.1.11",
"192.168.1.12",
"192.168.1.13",
"192.168.1.14"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
1. 创建工作目录并解压二进制包
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
2. 创建etcd配置文件
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.7:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.7:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.7:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.7:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.7:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.8:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.9:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
3. systemd管理etcd
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
4. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start etcd&&systemctl enable etcd&&systemctl status etcd
6. 将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
然后在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP：
vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" # 修改此处，节点2改为etcd-2，节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
最后启动etcd并设置开机启动，同上。
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start etcd&&systemctl enable etcd&&systemctl status etcd
7. 查看集群状态
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.7:2379,https://192.168.1.8:2379,https://192.168.1.9:2379" endpoint health
三、安装Docker
下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装，用yum安装也一样。
3.1 解压二进制包
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin
3.2 systemd管理docker
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
3.3 创建配置文件
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器
3.4 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start docker&&systemctl enable docker&&systemctl status docker
四、部署Master Node
1. 自签证书颁发机构（CA）
cd ~/TLS/k8s/
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
生成证书：
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem ca.pem
2. 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
创建证书申请文件：
cd TLS/k8s
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.1.7",
"192.168.1.8",
"192.168.1.9",
"192.168.1.10",
"192.168.1.11",
"192.168.1.12",
"192.168.1.13",
"192.168.1.14",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
生成证书：
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
4.2 从Github下载二进制文件
下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183
注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.18.3/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
4.3 解压二进制包
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/
4.4 部署kube-apiserver
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.7:2379,https://192.168.1.8:2379,https://192.168.1.9:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.1.7 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.1.7 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
2. 拷贝刚才生成的证书
把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径：
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
3. 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
生成的token，放入下列第一行头部
d82b64213a17fe6a789ee9d1e245493f
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
d82b64213a17fe6a789ee9d1e245493f,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF
4. systemd管理apiserver
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kube-apiserver&&systemctl enable kube-apiserver&&systemctl status kube-apiserver
6. 授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
4.5 部署kube-controller-manager
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致
2. systemd管理controller-manager
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
3. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kube-controller-manager&&systemctl enable kube-controller-manager&&systemctl status kube-controller-manager
4.6 部署kube-scheduler
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF
–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
2. systemd管理scheduler
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
3. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kube-scheduler&&systemctl enable kube-scheduler&&systemctl status kube-scheduler
4. 查看集群状态
kubectl get cs
五、部署Worker Node
5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
在所有worker node创建工作目录：
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
从master节点拷贝：
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝
5.2 部署kubelet
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
–hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
–network-plugin：启用CNI
–kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
–config：配置参数文件
–cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像
2. 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF
3. 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.7:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="d82b64213a17fe6a789ee9d1e245493f" # 与token.csv里保持一致
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
--token=${TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
拷贝到配置文件路径：
cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg
4. systemd管理kubelet
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kubelet&&systemctl enable kubelet&&systemctl status kubelet
5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群
[root@master bin]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-eu5uHldfLldqe3hd_Vdv5t4or_sBQZNlEcYYlfS9b8k 8s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-eu5uHldfLldqe3hd_Vdv5t4or_sBQZNlEcYYlfS9b8k
[root@master bin]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master NotReady <none> 14s v1.18.3
5.4 部署kube-proxy
1. 创建配置文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF
2. 配置参数文件
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF
3. 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
生成kube-proxy证书：
# 切换工作目录
cd ~/TLS/k8s
# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem
生成kubeconfig文件：
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.7:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
拷贝到配置文件指定路径：
cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
4. systemd管理kube-proxy
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kube-proxy&&systemctl enable kube-proxy&&systemctl status kube-proxy
5.5 部署CNI网络
先准备好CNI二进制文件：
下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
解压二进制包并移动到默认工作目录：
wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin
部署CNI网络：
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
sed -i -r "s#quay.io/coreos/flannel:.*-amd64#lizhenliang/flannel:v0.12.0-amd64#g" kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
kubectl get node
5.6 授权apiserver访问kubelet
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
EOF
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
5.7 新增加Worker Node
1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点
在master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.1.8/9
scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
2. 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件
rm /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
3. 修改主机名
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
4. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl start kubelet&&systemctl enable kubelet&&systemctl status kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy&&systemctl enable kube-proxy&&systemctl status kube-proxy
在master节点上执行
kubectl get csr
[root@master .ssh]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-C-_1CEsN7VAbqy5NrMuvHcFs232IXR8emWLct0KsOLI 22m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
node-csr-VqhzUxvM2Tt1HBwkn8E5tdOaejorhdwc6PQbwArRQHQ 111s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
node-csr-WxD2rGluq8Jas5MoxIPiulmjSQV-EW-KGMvfnPRn3HE 16s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-VqhzUxvM2Tt1HBwkn8E5tdOaejorhdwc6PQbwArRQHQ
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-WxD2rGluq8Jas5MoxIPiulmjSQV-EW-KGMvfnPRn3HE
六、部署Dashboard和CoreDNS
6.1 部署Dashboard
$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta8/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
默认Dashboard只能集群内部访问，修改Service为NodePort类型，暴露到外部：
vi recommended.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-694557449d-z8gfb 1/1 Running 0 2m18s
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-9774cc786-q2gsx 1/1 Running 0 2m19s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.0.0.141 <none> 8000/TCP 2m19s
service/kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.0.0.239 <none> 443:30001/TCP 2m19s
访问地址：https://NodeIP:30001
创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
7.1 安装Docker
同上，不再赘述。
7.2 部署Master2 Node（192.168.1.7）
Master2 与已部署的Master1所有操作一致。所以我们只需将Master1所有K8s文件拷贝过来，再修改下服务器IP和主机名启动即可。
1. 创建etcd证书目录
在Master2创建etcd证书目录：
2. 拷贝文件（Master1操作）
拷贝Master1上所有K8s文件和etcd证书到Master2：
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl
scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt
scp -r /opt/cni/ [email protected]:/opt
scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl [email protected]:/opt/etcd
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp /usr/bin/kubectl [email protected]:/usr/bin
3. 删除证书文件
删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件：
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
4. 修改配置文件IP和主机名
修改apiserver、kubelet和kube-proxy配置文件为本地IP：
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
...
--bind-address=192.168.1.10 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.10 \
...
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-master2
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-master2
5. 启动设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-apiserver
systemctl status kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-scheduler
systemctl status kubelet
systemctl status kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl restart kube-proxy
6. 查看集群状态
kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
7. 批准kubelet证书申请
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-JYNknakEa_YpHz797oKaN-ZTk43nD51Zc9CJkBLcASU 85m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-JYNknakEa_YpHz797oKaN-ZTk43nD51Zc9CJkBLcASU
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready <none> 34h v1.18.3
k8s-master2 Ready <none> 83m v1.18.3
k8s-node1 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.3
k8s-node2 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.3
7.3 部署Nginx负载均衡器
1. 安装软件包（主/备）
yum install epel-release -y
yum install nginx keepalived -y
2. Nginx配置文件（主/备一样）
cat > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf << "EOF"
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
# 四层负载均衡，为两台Master apiserver组件提供负载均衡
stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main;
upstream k8s-apiserver {
server 192.168.1.7:6443; # Master1 APISERVER IP:PORT
server 192.168.1.10:6443; # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
}
server {
listen 6443;
proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
}
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name _;
location / {
}
}
}
EOF
3. keepalived配置文件（Nginx Master）
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id NGINX_MASTER
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例，每个实例是唯一的
priority 100 # 优先级，备服务器设置 90
advert_int 1 # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间，默认1秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
# 虚拟IP
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.13/24
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
EOF
vrrp_script：指定检查nginx工作状态脚本（根据nginx状态判断是否故障转移）
virtual_ipaddress：虚拟IP（VIP）
检查nginx状态脚本：
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
4. keepalived配置文件（Nginx Backup）
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id NGINX_BACKUP
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例，每个实例是唯一的
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.13/24
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
EOF
上述配置文件中检查nginx运行状态脚本：
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
注：keepalived根据脚本返回状态码（0为工作正常，非0不正常）判断是否故障转移。
5. 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx
systemctl start keepalived
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl enable keepalived
6. 查看keepalived工作状态
ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:04:f7:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.31.80/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.31.88/24 scope global secondary ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe04:f72c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
可以看到，在ens33网卡绑定了192.168.31.88 虚拟IP，说明工作正常。
7. Nginx+Keepalived高可用测试
关闭主节点Nginx，测试VIP是否漂移到备节点服务器。
在Nginx Master执行 pkill nginx
在Nginx Backup，ip addr命令查看已成功绑定VIP。
8. 访问负载均衡器测试
找K8s集群中任意一个节点，使用curl查看K8s版本测试，使用VIP访问：
curl -k https://192.168.1.13:6443/version
{
"major": "1",
"minor": "18",
"gitVersion": "v1.18.3",
"gitCommit": "2e7996e3e2712684bc73f0dec0200d64eec7fe40",
"gitTreeState": "clean",
"buildDate": "2020-05-20T12:43:34Z",
"goVersion": "go1.13.9",
"compiler": "gc",
"platform": "linux/amd64"
}
可以正确获取到K8s版本信息，说明负载均衡器搭建正常。该请求数据流程：curl -> vip(nginx) -> apiserver
通过查看Nginx日志也可以看到转发apiserver IP：
tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log -f
192.168.31.81 192.168.1.71:6443 - [30/May/2020:11:15:10 +0800] 200 422
192.168.31.81 192.168.1.10:6443 - [30/May/2020:11:15:26 +0800] 200 422
到此还没结束，还有下面最关键的一步。
7.4 修改所有Worker Node连接LB VIP
试想下，虽然我们增加了Master2和负载均衡器，但是我们是从单Master架构扩容的，也就是说目前所有的Node组件连接都还是Master1，如果不改为连接VIP走负载均衡器，那么Master还是单点故障。
因此接下来就是要改所有Node组件配置文件，由原来192.168.1.7修改为192.168.1.13（VIP）：
也就是通过kubectl get node命令查看到的节点。
在上述所有Worker Node执行：
sed -i 's#192.168.1.7:6443#192.168.1.13:6443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl restart kube-proxy
检查节点状态：
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready <none> 34h v1.18.3
k8s-master2 Ready <none> 101m v1.18.3
k8s-node1 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.3
k8s-node2 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.3
完
~~~