LNMP
LNMP是指一组通常一起使用来运行动态网站或者服务器的自由软件名称首字母缩写。L指Linux,N指Nginx,M一般指MySQL,也可以指MariaDB,P一般指PHP,也可以指Perl或Python。
LNMP代表的就是:Linux系统下Nginx+MySQL+PHP这种网站服务器架构。
- Linux是一类Unix计算机操作系统的统称,是目前最流行的免费操作系统。代表版本有:debian、centos、ubuntu、fedora、gentoo等。
- Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器,也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。
- Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。
- PHP是一种在服务器端执行的嵌入HTML文档的脚本语言。
这四种软件均为免费开源软件,组合到一起,成为一个免费、高效、扩展性强的网站服务系统。
Nginx编译安装
准备安装包
[root@localhost LNMP]# yum -y install gcc \ #安装支持软件
gcc-c++ \
make \
pcre-devel \
expat-devel \
perl \
zlib-devel \
pcre
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost LNMP]# cd nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx #创建运行用户、组
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \ #编译安装Nginx
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/ 'nginx
#命令执行路径优化
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
#添加使用systemctl工具进行管理
[Unit]
Description=nginx #描述
After=network.target #描述服务类别
[Service]
Type=forking #后台运行形式
PIDFile =/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid #pid文件位置
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动服务
ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill -S HUP $MAINPID #根据PID重载配置
ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill -S QUIT $MAINPID #根据PID终止进程
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
添加权限,启动服务
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# netstat -natp | grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22543/nginx: master
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# iptables -F
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# setenforce 0
MySQL编译安装
[root@localhost LNMP]# yum -y install \ #安装MySQL环境依赖包
ncurses \ #字符终端的包,方便终端操作
ncurses-devel \
bison \ #函数库
cmake #配置工具
[root@localhost LNMP]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql #创建运行用户
[root@localhost LNMP]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost LNMP]# cd mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ #sock#通讯文件,连接数据库,通讯协议的载体
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ #配置目录指向etc
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \ #pid文件位置
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #字符集
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ #字符集
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #存储引擎
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #存储引擎
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ #指定存放位置
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \ #指定boost位置
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 #守护进程
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install
数据库目录进行权限调整
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
修改配置文件
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf #删除原所有配置,添加新的配置
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
设置环境变量
[root@localhost local]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile
初始化数据库
[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/
数据库开启
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -natp | grep 3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 41525/mysqld
设置MySQL密码
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password
登录数据库查看
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p
php编译安装
[root@localhost LNMP]# yum -y install \ #安装环境包
libjpeg \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 \
libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel
编译安装
[root@localhost LNMP]# tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost LNMP]# cd php-7.1.10/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
[root@localhost LNMP]# make && make install
php配置文件修改
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
mysql.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m '验证安装的模块'
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -natp | grep 9000
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 111708/php-fpm: mas
编辑Nginx配置文件支持php功能
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf #进行修改
...
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
启动服务,编辑php网页
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl stop nginx.service
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@localhost conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@localhost html]# mv index.html index.php
[root@localhost html]# vim index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
查看数据库是否正常
[root@localhost html]# mysq1 -u root -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* To 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* To 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| bbs |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>exit
搭建论坛
[root@localhost html]# cd /opt/LNMP/
[root@localhost LNMP]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip #解压软件包
[root@localhost LNMP]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
增加权限
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
输入
安装论坛
默认下一步自定义输入用户密码等待安装结束