系统管理Lesson 01. Introduction

1. 简单描述Oracle关系型数据库管理系统的发展历程。

2. 请详细说明HR示例方案各个表之间的关系。

3. 请把下面内容翻译成中文：

Oracle Database 10g was the first database management system designed for grid computing.
Oracle Database 11g consolidates and extends Oracle’s unique ability to deliver the benefits of grid computing, transforming data centers from silos of isolated system resources to shared pools of servers and storage.
Oracle Database 12c and Enterprise Manager Cloud Control are designed for cloud computing. Cloud computing creates a complete, pre-integrated, off-the-shelf private cloud solution that allows you to quickly transform the enterprise data center into a private cloud.
The key benefits are the following:
• Reduce server sprawl and improve CPU utilization by consolidating on fewer servers.
• Reduce the amount of time a DBA spends installing and configuring databases, by automating deployment of standard database configurations.
• A single console manages the entire Cloud life cycle—plan, set up, deliver, and operate.
• Prevent resource hogging by setting quotas for individual users.
• Forecast future resource needs by analyzing trending reports.
Compute chargeback based on performance and configuration metrics.

Oracle Database10g是第一个用于网格计算的数据库管理系统。
Oracle Database 11g整合并扩展了Oracle提供网格计算好处的独特能力，将数据中心从孤立的系统资源库转变为共享的服务器和存储池。
Oracle数据库12c和企业管理云控制是为云计算而设计的。云计算创建了一个完整的、预先集成的、现成的私有云解决方案，允许您快速将企业数据中心转换为私有云。
主要好处如下：
• 通过在更少的服务器上进行整合，减少服务器扩展并提高CPU利用率。
• 通过自动化标准数据库配置的部署，减少DBA安装和配置数据库的时间。
• 单个控制台管理整个云生命周期计划、设置、交付和运行。
• 通过为单个用户设置配额，防止资源占用。
• 通过分析趋势报告预测未来资源需求。
根据性能和配置指标计算按存储容量使用计费。