之前的文章地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Stephen-Qin/p/13641404.html
Algorithm
冒泡法
好久没写了,找个简单的先续上,习惯坚持住.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
void bubble_sort(int* arr, int size)
{
for(int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++)
{
for(int j = i + 1; j < size; j++)
{
if(arr[i] > arr[j])
{
int tmp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = tmp;
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
int arrInt[6] = {1, 3, 2, 9, 4, 5};
int nSize = sizeof(arrInt)/sizeof(int);
bubble_sort(arrInt, nSize);
for(int i = 0; i< nSize; i++)
{
cout << arrInt[i] << " " << endl;
}
cout << endl;
cout << "The End!" << endl;
return 0;
}Review
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way(8/8)
Questions Not To Ask
Here are some classic stupid questions, and what hackers are thinking when they don't answer them.
Q: Where can I find program or resource X?
Q: How can I configure my shell prompt?
Q: Can I convert an AcmeCorp document into a TeX file using the Bass-o-matic file converter?
Q: My {program, configuration, SQL statement} doesn't work
Q: I'm having problems with my Windows machine. Can you help?
Q: My program doesn't work. I think system facility X is broken.
Q: I'm having problems installing Linux or X. Can you help?
Q: How can I crack root/steal channel-ops privileges/read someone's e-mail?
| Q: |
Where can I find program or resource X? |
| A: |
The same place I'd find it, fool — at the other end of a web search. Ghod, doesn't everybody know how to use Google yet? |
| Q: |
How can I use X to do Y? |
| A: |
If what you want is to do Y, you should ask that question without pre-supposing the use of a method that may not be appropriate. Questions of this form often indicate a person who is not merely ignorant about X, but confused about what problem Y they are solving and too fixated on the details of their particular situation. It is generally best to ignore such people until they define their problem better. |
| Q: |
How can I configure my shell prompt? |
| A: |
If you're smart enough to ask this question, you're smart enough to RTFM and find out yourself. |
| Q: |
Can I convert an AcmeCorp document into a TeX file using the Bass-o-matic file converter? |
| A: |
Try it and see. If you did that, you'd (a) learn the answer, and (b) stop wasting my time. |
| Q: |
My {program, configuration, SQL statement} doesn't work |
| A: |
This is not a question, and I'm not interested in playing Twenty Questions to pry your actual question out of you — I have better things to do. On seeing something like this, my reaction is normally of one of the following:
|
| Q: |
I'm having problems with my Windows machine. Can you help? |
| A: |
Yes. Throw out that Microsoft trash and install an open-source operating system like Linux or BSD. Note: you can ask questions related to Windows machines if they are about a program that does have an official Windows build, or interacts with Windows machines (i.e., Samba). Just don't be surprised by the reply that the problem is with Windows and not the program, because Windows is so broken in general that this is very often the case. |
| Q: |
My program doesn't work. I think system facility X is broken. |
| A: |
While it is possible that you are the first person to notice an obvious deficiency in system calls and libraries heavily used by hundreds or thousands of people, it is rather more likely that you are utterly clueless. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence; when you make a claim like this one, you must back it up with clear and exhaustive documentation of the failure case. |
| Q: |
I'm having problems installing Linux or X. Can you help? |
| A: |
No. I'd need hands-on access to your machine to troubleshoot this. Go ask your local Linux user group for hands-on help. (You can find a list of user groups here.) Note: questions about installing Linux may be appropriate if you're on a forum or mailing list about a particular distribution, and the problem is with that distro; or on local user groups forums. In this case, be sure to describe the exact details of the failure. But do careful searching first, with "linux" and all suspicious pieces of hardware. |
| Q: |
How can I crack root/steal channel-ops privileges/read someone's e-mail? |
| A: |
You're a lowlife for wanting to do such things and a moron for asking a hacker to help you. |
Good and Bad Questions
Finally, I'm going to illustrate how to ask questions in a smart way by example; pairs of questions about the same problem, one asked in a stupid way and one in a smart way.
Stupid: Where can I find out stuff about the Foonly Flurbamatic?
This question just begs for "STFW" as a reply.
Smart: I used Google to try to find “Foonly Flurbamatic 2600” on the Web, but I got no useful hits. Can I get a pointer to programming information on this device?
This one has already STFWed, and sounds like there might be a real problem.
Stupid: I can't get the code from project foo to compile. Why is it broken?
The querent assumes that somebody else screwed up. Arrogant git...
Smart: The code from project foo doesn't compile under Nulix version 6.2. I've read the FAQ, but it doesn't have anything in it about Nulix-related problems. Here's a transcript of my compilation attempt; is it something I did?
The querent has specified the environment, read the FAQ, is showing the error, and is not assuming his problems are someone else's fault. This one might be worth some attention.
Stupid: I'm having problems with my motherboard. Can anybody help?
J. Random Hacker's response to this is likely to be “Right. Do you need burping and diapering, too?” followed by a punch of the delete key.
Smart: I tried X, Y, and Z on the S2464 motherboard. When that didn't work, I tried A, B, and C. Note the curious symptom when I tried C. Obviously the florbish is grommicking, but the results aren't what one might expect. What are the usual causes of grommicking on Athlon MP motherboards? Anybody got ideas for more tests I can run to pin down the problem?
This person, on the other hand, seems worthy of an answer. He/she has exhibited problem-solving intelligence rather than passively waiting for an answer to drop from on high.
In the last question, notice the subtle but important difference between demanding “Give me an answer” and “Please help me figure out what additional diagnostics I can run to achieve enlightenment.”
In fact, the form of that last question is closely based on a real incident that happened in August 2001 on the linux-kernel mailing list (lkml). I (Eric) was the one asking the question that time. I was seeing mysterious lockups on a Tyan S2462 motherboard. The list members supplied the critical information I needed to solve them.
By asking the question in the way I did, I gave people something to chew on; I made it easy and attractive for them to get involved. I demonstrated respect for my peers' ability and invited them to consult with me as a peer. I also demonstrated respect for the value of their time by telling them the blind alleys I had already run down.
Afterwards, when I thanked everyone and remarked how well the process had worked, an lkml member observed that he thought it had worked not because I'm a “name” on that list, but because I asked the question in the proper form.
Hackers are in some ways a very ruthless meritocracy; I'm certain he was right, and that if I had behaved like a sponge I would have been flamed or ignored no matter who I was. His suggestion that I write up the whole incident as instruction to others led directly to the composition of this guide.
If You Can't Get An Answer
If you can't get an answer, please don't take it personally that we don't feel we can help you. Sometimes the members of the asked group may simply not know the answer. No response is not the same as being ignored, though admittedly it's hard to spot the difference from outside.
In general, simply re-posting your question is a bad idea. This will be seen as pointlessly annoying. Have patience: the person with your answer may be in a different time-zone and asleep. Or it may be that your question wasn't well-formed to begin with.
There are other sources of help you can go to, often sources better adapted to a novice's needs.
There are many online and local user groups who are enthusiasts about the software, even though they may never have written any software themselves. These groups often form so that people can help each other and help new users.
There are also plenty of commercial companies you can contract with for help, both large and small. Don't be dismayed at the idea of having to pay for a bit of help! After all, if your car engine blows a head gasket, chances are you would take it to a repair shop and pay to get it fixed. Even if the software didn't cost you anything, you can't expect that support to always come for free.
For popular software like Linux, there are at least 10,000 users per developer. It's just not possible for one person to handle the support calls from over 10,000 users. Remember that even if you have to pay for support, you are still paying much less than if you had to buy the software as well (and support for closed-source software is usually more expensive and less competent than support for open-source software).
How To Answer Questions in a Helpful Way
Be gentle. Problem-related stress can make people seem rude or stupid even when they're not.
Reply to a first offender off-line. There is no need of public humiliation for someone who may have made an honest mistake. A real newbie may not know how to search archives or where the FAQ is stored or posted.
If you don't know for sure, say so! A wrong but authoritative-sounding answer is worse than none at all. Don't point anyone down a wrong path simply because it's fun to sound like an expert. Be humble and honest; set a good example for both the querent and your peers.
If you can't help, don't hinder. Don't make jokes about procedures that could trash the user's setup — the poor sap might interpret these as instructions.
Ask probing questions to elicit more details. If you're good at this, the querent will learn something — and so might you. Try to turn the bad question into a good one; remember we were all newbies once.
While muttering RTFM is sometimes justified when replying to someone who is just a lazy slob, a pointer to documentation (even if it's just a suggestion to google for a key phrase) is better.
If you're going to answer the question at all, give good value. Don't suggest kludgy workarounds when somebody is using the wrong tool or approach. Suggest good tools. Reframe the question.
Answer the actual question! If the querent has been so thorough as to do his or her research and has included in the query that X, Y, Z, A, B, and C have already been tried without good result, it is supremely unhelpful to respond with “Try A or B,” or with a link to something that only says, “Try X, Y, Z, A, B, or C.”.
Help your community learn from the question. When you field a good question, ask yourself “How would the relevant documentation or FAQ have to change so that nobody has to answer this again?” Then send a patch to the document maintainer.
If you did research to answer the question, demonstrate your skills rather than writing as though you pulled the answer out of your butt. Answering one good question is like feeding a hungry person one meal, but teaching them research skills by example is showing them how to grow food for a lifetime.
Related Resources
If you need instruction in the basics of how personal computers, Unix, and the Internet work, see The Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO.
When you release software or write patches for software, try to follow the guidelines in the Software Release Practice HOWTO.
Acknowledgements
Evelyn Mitchell contributed some example stupid questions and inspired the “How To Give A Good Answer” section. Mikhail Ramendik contributed some particularly valuable suggestions for improvements.
不该问的问题
以下是几个经典蠢问题，以及黑客没回答时心中所想的：
问题：我怎样用 X 做 Y？
问题：我可以用 Bass-o-matic 文件转换工具将 AcmeCorp 档案转换为 TeX 格式吗？
问题：我在安装 Linux（或者 X ）时有问题，你能帮我吗？
问题：我怎么才能破解 root 帐号/窃取 OP 特权/读别人的邮件呢？
问题：我能在哪找到 X 程序或 X 资源？
回答：就在我找到它的地方啊，白痴 -- 搜索引擎的那一头。天哪！难道还有人不会用 Google 吗？
问题：我怎样用 X 做 Y？
回答：如果你想解决的是 Y ，提问时别给出可能并不恰当的方法。这种问题说明提问者不但对 X 完全无知，也对 Y 要解决的问题糊涂，还被特定形势禁锢了思维。最好忽略这种人，等他们把问题搞清楚了再说。
问题：如何设定我的 shell 提示？？
回答：如果你有足够的智慧提这个问题，你也该有足够的智慧去 RTFM，然后自己去找出来。
问题：我可以用 Bass-o-matic 文件转换工具将 AcmeCorp 档案转换为 TeX 格式吗？
回答：试试看就知道了。如果你试过，你既知道了答案，就不用浪费我的时间了。
问题：我的程序/设定/SQL语句没有用
回答：这不算是问题吧，我对要我问你二十个问题才找得出你真正问题的问题没兴趣 -- 我有更有意思的事要做呢。在看到这类问题的时候，我的反应通常不外如下三种
- 你还有什么要补充的吗？
- 真糟糕，希望你能搞定。
- 这关我有什么屁事？
问题：我的 Windows 电脑有问题，你能帮我吗？
回答：能啊，扔掉萎软的垃圾，换个像 Linux 或 BSD 的开放源代码操作系统吧。
注意：如果程序有官方版 Windows 或者与 Windows 有互动（如Samba），你**可以**问与Windows相关的问题， 只是别对问题是由 Windows 操作系统而不是程序本身造成的回复感到惊讶， 因为 Windows 一般来说实在太烂，这种说法通常都是对的。
问题：我的程序不会动了，我认为系统工具 X 有问题
回答：你完全有可能是第一个注意到被成千上万用户反复使用的系统调用与函数库档案有明显缺陷的人，更有可能的是你完全没有根据。不同凡响的说法需要不同凡响的证据，当你这样声称时，你必须有清楚而详尽的缺陷说明文件作后盾。
问题：我在安装 Linux（或者 X ）时有问题，你能帮我吗？
回答：不能，我只有亲自在你的电脑上动手才能找到毛病。还是去找你当地的 Linux 使用群组者寻求实际的指导吧（你能在这儿找到使用者群组的清单）。
注意：如果安装问题与某 Linux 的发行版有关，在它的邮件列表、论坛或本地使用者群组中提问也许是恰当的。此时，应描述问题的准确细节。在此之前，先用 Linux 和**所有**被怀疑的硬件作关键词仔细搜索。
问题：我怎么才能破解 root 帐号/窃取 OP 特权/读别人的邮件呢？
回答：想要这样做，说明了你是个卑鄙小人；想找个黑客帮你，说明你是个白痴！
好问题与蠢问题
最后，我将透过举一些例子，来说明怎样聪明的提问；同一个问题的两种问法被放在一起，一种是愚蠢的，另一种才是明智的。
蠢问题：
我可以在哪儿找到关于 Foonly Flurbamatic 的资料？
这种问法无非想得到 STFW 这样的回答。
聪明问题：
我用Google搜索过 "Foonly Flurbamatic 2600"，但是没找到有用的结果。谁知道上哪儿去找对这种设备编程的资料？
这个问题已经 STFW 过了，看起来他真的遇到了麻烦。
蠢问题
我从 foo 项目找来的源码没法编译。它怎么这么烂？
他觉得都是别人的错，这个傲慢自大的提问者
聪明问题
foo 项目代码在 Nulix 6.2 版下无法编译通过。我读过了 FAQ，但里面没有提到跟 Nulix 有关的问题。这是我编译过程的记录，我有什么做的不对的地方吗？
提问者已经指明了环境，也读过了FAQ，还列出了错误，并且他没有把问题的责任推到别人头上，他的问题值得被关注。
蠢问题
我的主机板有问题了，谁来帮我？
某黑客对这类问题的回答通常是：好的，还要帮你拍拍背和换尿布吗？，然后按下删除键。
聪明问题
我在 S2464 主机板上试过了 X 、 Y 和 Z ，但没什么作用，我又试了 A 、 B 和 C 。请注意当我尝试 C 时的奇怪现象。显然 florbish 正在 grommicking，但结果出人意料。通常在 Athlon MP 主机板上引起 grommicking 的原因是什么？有谁知道接下来我该做些什么测试才能找出问题？
这个家伙，从另一个角度来看，值得去回答他。他表现出了解决问题的能力，而不是坐等天上掉答案。
在最后一个问题中，注意告诉我答案和给我启示，指出我还应该做什么诊断工作之间微妙而又重要的区别。
事实上，后一个问题源自于 2001 年 8 月在 Linux 内核邮件列表（lkml）上的一个真实的提问。我（Eric）就是那个提出问题的人。我在 Tyan S2464 主板上观察到了这种无法解释的锁定现象，列表成员们提供了解决这一问题的重要信息。
通过我的提问方法，我给了别人可以咀嚼玩味的东西；我设法让人们很容易参与并且被吸引进来。我显示了自己具备和他们同等的能力，并邀请他们与我共同探讨。通过告诉他们我所走过的弯路，以避免他们再浪费时间，我也表明了对他们宝贵时间的尊重。
事后，当我向每个人表示感谢，并且讚赏这次良好的讨论经歷的时候， 一个 Linux 内核邮件列表的成员表示，他觉得我的问题得到解决并非由于我是这个列表中的**名人**，而是因为我用了正确的方式来提问。
黑客从某种角度来说是拥有丰富知识但缺乏人情味的家伙；我相信他是对的，如果我**像**个乞讨者那样提问，不论我是谁，一定会惹恼某些人或者被他们忽视。他建议我记下这件事，这直接导致了本指南的出现。
如果得不到回答
如果仍得不到回答，请不要以为我们觉得无法帮助你。有时只是看到你问题的人不知道答案罢了。没有回应不代表你被忽视，虽然不可否认这种差别很难区分。
总的来说，简单的重复张贴问题是个很糟的点子。这将被视为无意义的喧闹。有点耐心，知道你问题答案的人可能生活在不同的时区，可能正在睡觉，也有可能你的问题一开始就没有组织好。
你可以通过其他渠道获得帮助，这些渠道通常更适合初学者的需要。
有许多网上的以及本地的使用者群组，由热情的软件爱好者（即使他们可能从没亲自写过任何软件）组成。通常人们组建这样的团体来互相帮助并帮助新手。
另外，你可以向很多商业公司寻求帮助，不论公司大还是小。别为要付费才能获得帮助而感到沮丧！毕竟，假使你的汽车发动机汽缸密封圈爆掉了-- 完全可能如此 --你还得把它送到修车铺，并且为维修付费。就算软件没花费你一分钱，你也不能强求技术支持总是免费的。
对像是 Linux 这种大众化的软件，每个开发者至少会对应到上万名使用者。根本不可能由一个人来处理来自上万名使用者的求助电话。要知道，即使你要为这些协助付费，和你所购买的同类软件相比，你所付出的也是微不足道的（通常封闭源代码软件的技术支持费用比开放源代码软件的要高得多，且内容也没那么丰富）。
如何更好地回答问题
态度和善一点。问题带来的压力常使人显得无礼或愚蠢，其实并不是这样。
对初犯者私下回复。对那些坦诚犯错之人没有必要当众羞辱，一个真正的新手也许连怎么搜索或在哪找常见问题都不知道。
如果你不确定，一定要说出来！一个听起来权威的错误回复比没有还要糟，别因为听起来像个专家很好玩，就给别人乱指路。要谦虚和诚实，给提问者与同行都树个好榜样。
如果帮不了忙，也别妨碍他。不要在实际步骤上开玩笑，那样也许会毁了使用者的设置 --有些可怜的呆瓜会把它当成真的指令。
试探性的反问以引出更多的细节。如果你做得好，提问者可以学到点东西 --你也可以。试试将蠢问题转变成好问题，别忘了我们都曾是新手。
尽管对那些懒虫抱怨一声 RTFM 是正当的，能指出文件的位置（即使只是建议个 Google 搜索关键词）会更好。
如果你决定回答，就请给出好的答案。当别人正在用错误的工具或方法时别建议笨拙的权宜之计（wordaround），应推荐更好的工具，重新界定问题。
正面的回答问题！如果这个提问者已经很深入的研究而且也表明已经试过 X 、 Y 、 Z 、 A 、 B 、 C 但没得到结果，回答 试试看 A 或是 B 或者 试试X 、 Y 、 Z 、 A 、 B 、 C 并附上一个链接一点用都没有。
帮助你的社区从问题中学习。当回复一个好问题时，问问自己如何修改相关文件或常见问题文件以免再次解答同样的问题？，接着再向文件维护者发一份补丁。
如果你是在研究一番后才做出的回答，展现你的技巧而不是直接端出结果。毕竟授人以鱼不如授人以渔。
相关资源
如果你需要个人电脑、Unix 系统和网络如何运作的基础知识，参阅Unix系统和网络基本原理。
当你发布软件或补丁时，试着按软件发布实践操作。
鸣谢
Evelyn Mitchel贡献了一些愚蠢问题例子并启发了编写如何更好地回答问题这一节， Mikhail Ramendik贡献了一些特别有价值的建议和改进。
Tips
1.手机上将倒计时事项放到显眼位置,可以督促自己去行动起来
2.要记录周末时间的花费,弄清楚哪些事情是可以不去做的.