【运维】linux硬盘空间不足，扩容硬盘，挂载目录，并永久挂载

1. 分配磁盘
   

2. 查看硬盘挂载

   fdisk -l
   root@desktop:/home/user1# fdisk -l
   Disk /dev/vda: 30 GiB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
   Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disklabel type: dos
   Disk identifier: 0x4f6e894a
   
   Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
   /dev/vda1  *        2048 37750783 37748736   18G 83 Linux
   /dev/vda2       37750784 37752829     2046 1023K 83 Linux
   /dev/vda3       37752830 41940991  4188162    2G  5 Extended
   /dev/vda5       37752832 41940991  4188160    2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
   
   
   Disk /dev/vdb: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
   Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   
   
   Disk /dev/sda: 50 GiB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
   Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   
   

3. 尝试挂载 /dev/sda 到 /home_expand

   如果报错，查看当前被挂载设备文件系统类型 df -h -T，
   再格式化/dev/sda
   如果其他硬盘是ext3, 则使用 mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda 进行格式化
   如果其他硬盘是ext4 , 则使用 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda 进行格式化
   再次挂载 mount /dev/sda /home_expand
   此时为临时挂载。

4. 更改为长期挂载，需要 vim /etc/fstab 文件末尾添加

   /dev/sda /home_expand ext4 defaults 1 2

点击跳转：如果不理解 fstab 内容，一定要看一下详解fstab内容

6. 至此挂载完成，可以尝试reboot