JPA findById方法和getOne方法区别

JPA findById方法和getOne方法区别

Jpa基础的CRUD方法继承自接口CrudRepository<T, ID>,包含以下方法:

<S extends T> S save(S entity);
<S extends T> Iterable<S> saveAll(Iterable<S> entities);
Optional<T> findById(ID id);
boolean existsById(ID id);
Iterable<T> findAll();
Iterable<T> findAllById(Iterable<ID> ids);
long count();
void deleteById(ID id);
void delete(T entity);
void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities);
void deleteAll();

getOne()方法是JpaRepository接口中定义的,源码如下:

/**
 * Returns a reference to the entity with the given identifier. Depending on how the JPA persistence provider is
 * implemented this is very likely to always return an instance and throw an
 * {@link javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException} on first access. Some of them will reject invalid identifiers
 * immediately.
 *
 * @param id must not be {@literal null}.
 * @return a reference to the entity with the given identifier.
 * @see EntityManager#getReference(Class, Object) for details on when an exception is thrown.
 */
T getOne(ID id);

网上找的源码:

public T getOne(ID id) {
    
    
    Assert.notNull(id, "The given id must not be null!");
    return this.em.getReference(this.getDomainClass(), id);
}

由getOne方法的源码可见,getOne方法会返回一个和给定id匹配的实体的引用,方法实际是调用getReference方法,也就是说加载策略是延迟加载,直到调用这个对象的时候才真正从数据库中进行查询(x_x)。

再看findById()方法:

public Optional<T> findById(ID id) {
    
    
    Assert.notNull(id, "The given id must not be null!");
    Class<T> domainType = this.getDomainClass();
    if (this.metadata == null) {
    
    
        return Optional.ofNullable(this.em.find(domainType, id));
    } else {
    
    
        LockModeType type = this.metadata.getLockModeType();
        Map<String, Object> hints = this.getQueryHints().withFetchGraphs(this.em).asMap();
        return Optional.ofNullable(type == null ? this.em.find(domainType, id, hints) : this.em.find(domainType, id, type, hints));
    }
}

findById实际上调用的是find方法,采用立即加载方式,执行这条查询语句的时候就会立刻从数据库中进行查询,不过findById方法返回的是一个Optional,需要对这个Optional调用.get()方法才能得到需要的实体。

  • 总结就是getOne方法是懒加载,直到调用它返回的实体时才会对数据库进行查询,findById是立即加载,主要调用方法就会去数据库查询。getOne方法直接返回一个实体,findById方法返回一个Optional,需要调用.get()方法获取实体。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_42026590/article/details/112364798