树莓派开发之超声波模块

1.驱动代码

树莓派驱动超声波模块驱动代码如下：

#include <wiringPi.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#define Trig    4
#define Echo    5

void ultraInit(void)
{
    
    
    pinMode(Echo, INPUT);  //设置端口为输入
    pinMode(Trig, OUTPUT);  //设置端口为输出
}

float disMeasure(void)
{
    
    
    struct timeval tv1;  //timeval是time.h中的预定义结构体 其中包含两个一个是秒，一个是微秒
    /*
    struct timeval
    {
        time_t tv_sec;  //Seconds.
        suseconds_t tv_usec;  //Microseconds.
    };
    */

    struct timeval tv2;
    long start, stop;
    float dis;

    digitalWrite(Trig, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(2);

    digitalWrite(Trig, HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(10);      //发出超声波脉冲
    digitalWrite(Trig, LOW);

    while(!(digitalRead(Echo) == 1));
    gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);           //获取当前时间 开始接收到返回信号的时候

    while(!(digitalRead(Echo) == 0));
    gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);           //获取当前时间  最后接收到返回信号的时候
    /*
    int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz);
    The functions gettimeofday() and settimeofday() can get and set the time as well as a timezone.
    The use of the timezone structure is obsolete; the tz argument should normally be specified as NULL.
    */
    start = tv1.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv1.tv_usec;   //微秒级的时间
    stop  = tv2.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv2.tv_usec;

    dis = (float)(stop - start) / 1000000 * 34000 / 2;  //计算时间差求出距离

    return dis;
}

int main(void)
{
    
    
    float dis;

    if(wiringPiSetup() == -1){
    
     //如果初始化失败，就输出错误信息 程序初始化时务必进行
        printf("setup wiringPi failed !");
        return 1;
    }

    ultraInit();

    while(1){
    
    
        dis = disMeasure();
        printf("distance = %0.2f cm\n",dis);
        delay(1000);
    }

    return 0;
}

2 注意

超声波模块的VCC电源要接5V的，如果接3.3V，模块的测距数值会不正确，在同一个数值范围波动。