一：简介
此图书管理系统项目是利用类，抽象类，封装，继承，多态，接口等进行的一个代码练习。
二：核心需求
1、简单的用户界面（控制台界面）
登录界面
管理员界面
用户界面
2、管理员需要实现的功能
查阅书籍
增加书籍
删除书籍
打印书籍列表
退出
3、普通用户需要实现的功能
查询书籍
借阅书籍
归还书籍
退出
三: 类的设计
1. 创建图书相关的类
先创建 package book
创建 Book 类, 表示一本书
package book;
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean status;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(boolean status) {
this.status = status;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", status=" + ((status == true) ? " 借出 " : " 未借出 ") +
'}';
}
}
创建 BookList 类, 用来保存 N 本书
package book;
public class BookList {
private Book[] books;
private int usedSize;
public BookList() {
this.books = new Book[10];
books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",72,"小说");
books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",32,"小说");
books[2] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",52,"小说");
this.usedSize = 3;
}
public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) {
this.books[pos] = book;
}
public Book getBooks(int pos) {
return this.books[pos];
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
}
2. 创建操作相关的类
先创建 package operation
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public interface IOperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}
接下来创建一组操作类, 每个类对应一个用户的动作
1.添加书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入图书的名字");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入图书的作者");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入图书的价格");
int price = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入图书的类型");
String type = scanner.next();
Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
bookList.setBooks(bookList.getUsedSize(),book);
bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()+1);
}
}
2.借阅书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要借阅的图书的名字");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int i = 0;
for (; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
book.setStatus(true);
break;
}
}
if(i >= bookList.getUsedSize()) {
System.out.println("没有要借阅的这本书!");
return;
}
}
}
3.删除书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DelOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除的图书的名字");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int i = 0;
for (; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
break;
}
}
if(i >= bookList.getUsedSize()) {
System.out.println("没有要删除的这本书!");
return;
}
int pos = i;
for (int j = pos; j < bookList.getUsedSize()-1; j++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(j+1);
bookList.setBooks(j,book);
}
bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1);
System.out.println("成功删除图书！");
}
}
4.展示书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("展示图书");
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
5.退出系统
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.exit(1);
System.out.println("成功退出系统！");
}
}
6.查找书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要查找的图书的名字");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int i = 0;
for (; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
System.out.println(book);
break;
}
}
if(i >= bookList.getUsedSize()) {
System.out.println("没有要查找的这本书!");
return;
}
}
}
7.归还书籍
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要归还的图书的名字");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int i = 0;
for (; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
book.setStatus(false);
break;
}
}
if(i >= bookList.getUsedSize()) {
System.out.println("没有要归还的这本书!");
return;
}
}
}
3. 创建用户相关的类
先创建 package user
创建 User 类, 这是一个抽象类
package user;
import book.BookList;
import operation.IOperation;
public abstract class User {
public String name;
public IOperation[] operations;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
this.operations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}
创建普通用户类, 是 User 的子类
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NormalUser extends User {
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.operations = new IOperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(),
new ReturnOperation()
};
}
@Override
public int menu() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("普通用户菜单");
System.out.println("============================");
System.out.println("Hello " + this.name + " 欢迎使用图书管理系统！");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
System.out.println("3.归还图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("============================");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
创建管理员用户类
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AdminUser extends User {
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.operations = new IOperation[] {
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new DisplayOperation()
};
}
@Override
public int menu() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("管理员菜单");
System.out.println("============================");
System.out.println("hello " + this.name + " 欢迎使用图书系统！");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.新增图书");
System.out.println("3.删除图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("============================");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
4. 进行整合
创建 Main 类和 main 方法, 搭建整体逻辑
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static User login() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入你的身份：1-》管理员 0-》普通用户");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
return new AdminUser(name);
} else {
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user = login();
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
}
}
}