微信小程序直接上传文件到OSS
1. 封装公共方法
在根目录utils目录新建一个upload文件夹：
// utils/upload/base64.js
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
function encode(str) {
var out, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i < len) {
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4);
out += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2);
out += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) << 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >> 6));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return out;
}
function decode(str) {
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, out;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i < len) {
/* c1 */
do {
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while (i < len && c1 == -1);
if (c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do {
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while (i < len && c2 == -1);
if (c2 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */
do {
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c3 == 61)
return out;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
} while (i < len && c3 == -1);
if (c3 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */
do {
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c4 == 61)
return out;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
} while (i < len && c4 == -1);
if (c4 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4);
}
return out;
}
function utf16to8(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
out = "";
len = str.length;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i);
if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
out += str.charAt(i);
} else if (c > 0x07FF) {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
} else {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
}
return out;
}
function utf8to16(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
var char2, char3;
out = "";
len = str.length;
i = 0;
while (i < len) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i++);
switch (c >> 4) {
case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7:
// 0xxxxxxx
out += str.charAt(i - 1);
break;
case 12: case 13:
// 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F));
break;
case 14:
// 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) |
((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) |
((char3 & 0x3F) << 0));
break;
}
}
return out;
}
module.exports = {
encode: encode,
decode: decode,
utf16to8: utf16to8,
utf8to16: utf8to16
}
// utils/upload/base64.js
const Crypto = {
};
(function(){
var base64map = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
// Crypto utilities
var util = Crypto.util = {
// Bit-wise rotate left
rotl: function (n, b) {
return (n << b) | (n >>> (32 - b));
},
// Bit-wise rotate right
rotr: function (n, b) {
return (n << (32 - b)) | (n >>> b);
},
// Swap big-endian to little-endian and vice versa
endian: function (n) {
// If number given, swap endian
if (n.constructor == Number) {
return util.rotl(n, 8) & 0x00FF00FF |
util.rotl(n, 24) & 0xFF00FF00;
}
// Else, assume array and swap all items
for (var i = 0; i < n.length; i++)
n[i] = util.endian(n[i]);
return n;
},
// Generate an array of any length of random bytes
randomBytes: function (n) {
for (var bytes = []; n > 0; n--)
bytes.push(Math.floor(Math.random() * 256));
return bytes;
},
// Convert a string to a byte array
stringToBytes: function (str) {
var bytes = [];
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++)
bytes.push(str.charCodeAt(i));
return bytes;
},
// Convert a byte array to a string
bytesToString: function (bytes) {
var str = [];
for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++)
str.push(String.fromCharCode(bytes[i]));
return str.join("");
},
// Convert a string to big-endian 32-bit words
stringToWords: function (str) {
var words = [];
for (var c = 0, b = 0; c < str.length; c++, b += 8)
words[b >>> 5] |= str.charCodeAt(c) << (24 - b % 32);
return words;
},
// Convert a byte array to big-endian 32-bits words
bytesToWords: function (bytes) {
var words = [];
for (var i = 0, b = 0; i < bytes.length; i++, b += 8)
words[b >>> 5] |= bytes[i] << (24 - b % 32);
return words;
},
// Convert big-endian 32-bit words to a byte array
wordsToBytes: function (words) {
var bytes = [];
for (var b = 0; b < words.length * 32; b += 8)
bytes.push((words[b >>> 5] >>> (24 - b % 32)) & 0xFF);
return bytes;
},
// Convert a byte array to a hex string
bytesToHex: function (bytes) {
var hex = [];
for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
hex.push((bytes[i] >>> 4).toString(16));
hex.push((bytes[i] & 0xF).toString(16));
}
return hex.join("");
},
// Convert a hex string to a byte array
hexToBytes: function (hex) {
var bytes = [];
for (var c = 0; c < hex.length; c += 2)
bytes.push(parseInt(hex.substr(c, 2), 16));
return bytes;
},
// Convert a byte array to a base-64 string
bytesToBase64: function (bytes) {
// Use browser-native function if it exists
if (typeof btoa == "function") return btoa(util.bytesToString(bytes));
var base64 = [],
overflow;
for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
switch (i % 3) {
case 0:
base64.push(base64map.charAt(bytes[i] >>> 2));
overflow = (bytes[i] & 0x3) << 4;
break;
case 1:
base64.push(base64map.charAt(overflow | (bytes[i] >>> 4)));
overflow = (bytes[i] & 0xF) << 2;
break;
case 2:
base64.push(base64map.charAt(overflow | (bytes[i] >>> 6)));
base64.push(base64map.charAt(bytes[i] & 0x3F));
overflow = -1;
}
}
// Encode overflow bits, if there are any
if (overflow != undefined && overflow != -1)
base64.push(base64map.charAt(overflow));
// Add padding
while (base64.length % 4 != 0) base64.push("=");
return base64.join("");
},
// Convert a base-64 string to a byte array
base64ToBytes: function (base64) {
// Use browser-native function if it exists
if (typeof atob == "function") return util.stringToBytes(atob(base64));
// Remove non-base-64 characters
base64 = base64.replace(/[^A-Z0-9+\/]/ig, "");
var bytes = [];
for (var i = 0; i < base64.length; i++) {
switch (i % 4) {
case 1:
bytes.push((base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i - 1)) << 2) |
(base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i)) >>> 4));
break;
case 2:
bytes.push(((base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i - 1)) & 0xF) << 4) |
(base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i)) >>> 2));
break;
case 3:
bytes.push(((base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i - 1)) & 0x3) << 6) |
(base64map.indexOf(base64.charAt(i))));
break;
}
}
return bytes;
}
};
// Crypto mode namespace
Crypto.mode = {
};
})();
module.exports = Crypto;
// utils/upload/hmac.js
const Crypto = require('./crypto.js');
(function(){
// Shortcut
var util = Crypto.util;
Crypto.HMAC = function (hasher, message, key, options) {
// Allow arbitrary length keys
key = key.length > hasher._blocksize * 4 ?
hasher(key, {
asBytes: true }) :
util.stringToBytes(key);
// XOR keys with pad constants
var okey = key,
ikey = key.slice(0);
for (var i = 0; i < hasher._blocksize * 4; i++) {
okey[i] ^= 0x5C;
ikey[i] ^= 0x36;
}
var hmacbytes = hasher(util.bytesToString(okey) +
hasher(util.bytesToString(ikey) + message, {
asString: true }),
{
asBytes: true });
return options && options.asBytes ? hmacbytes :
options && options.asString ? util.bytesToString(hmacbytes) :
util.bytesToHex(hmacbytes);
};
})();
module.exports = Crypto;
// utils/upload/sha1.js
const Crypto = require('./crypto.js');
(function(){
// Shortcut
var util = Crypto.util;
// Public API
var SHA1 = Crypto.SHA1 = function (message, options) {
var digestbytes = util.wordsToBytes(SHA1._sha1(message));
return options && options.asBytes ? digestbytes :
options && options.asString ? util.bytesToString(digestbytes) :
util.bytesToHex(digestbytes);
};
// The core
SHA1._sha1 = function (message) {
var m = util.stringToWords(message),
l = message.length * 8,
w = [],
H0 = 1732584193,
H1 = -271733879,
H2 = -1732584194,
H3 = 271733878,
H4 = -1009589776;
// Padding
m[l >> 5] |= 0x80 << (24 - l % 32);
m[((l + 64 >>> 9) << 4) + 15] = l;
for (var i = 0; i < m.length; i += 16) {
var a = H0,
b = H1,
c = H2,
d = H3,
e = H4;
for (var j = 0; j < 80; j++) {
if (j < 16) w[j] = m[i + j];
else {
var n = w[j-3] ^ w[j-8] ^ w[j-14] ^ w[j-16];
w[j] = (n << 1) | (n >>> 31);
}
var t = ((H0 << 5) | (H0 >>> 27)) + H4 + (w[j] >>> 0) + (
j < 20 ? (H1 & H2 | ~H1 & H3) + 1518500249 :
j < 40 ? (H1 ^ H2 ^ H3) + 1859775393 :
j < 60 ? (H1 & H2 | H1 & H3 | H2 & H3) - 1894007588 :
(H1 ^ H2 ^ H3) - 899497514);
H4 = H3;
H3 = H2;
H2 = (H1 << 30) | (H1 >>> 2);
H1 = H0;
H0 = t;
}
H0 += a;
H1 += b;
H2 += c;
H3 += d;
H4 += e;
}
return [H0, H1, H2, H3, H4];
};
// Package private blocksize
SHA1._blocksize = 16;
})();
module.exports = Crypto;
以上基础库可以使用第三方库来实现。
// utils/upload/uploadFile.js
import {
ossConfig } from '../../config/index' //配置文件
const base64 = require('base64.js');//Base64,hmac,sha1,crypto相关算法
require('hmac.js');
require('sha1.js');
const Crypto = require('crypto.js');
/*
*上传文件到阿里云oss
*@param - filePath :图片的本地资源路径
*@param - dir:表示要传到哪个目录下
*@param - successc:成功回调
*@param - failc:失败回调
*/
const uploadFile = function (filePath, dir, successc, failc) {
if (!filePath || filePath.length < 9) {
wx.showModal({
title: '图片错误',
content: '请重试',
showCancel: false,
})
return;
}
//图片名字 可以自行定义，这里是采用当前的时间戳 + 150内的随机数来给图片命名的
const aliyunFileKey = dir+ new Date().getTime() + Math.floor(Math.random() * 150) + '.png';
const aliyunServerURL = ossConfig.bucketUrl; //OSS地址，需要https uploadImageUrl
const accessid = ossConfig.accessKeyId;
const policyBase64 = getPolicyBase64();
const signature = getSignature(policyBase64);//获取签名
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
wx.uploadFile({
url: aliyunServerURL,//开发者服务器 url
filePath: filePath,//要上传文件资源的路径
name: 'file',//必须填file
formData: {
'key': aliyunFileKey,
'policy': policyBase64,
'OSSAccessKeyId': accessid,
'signature': signature,
'success_action_status': '200',
},
success: function (res) {
if (res.statusCode != 200) {
failc(new Error('上传错误:' + JSON.stringify(res)))
return;
}
successc(aliyunServerURL+"/"+aliyunFileKey);
resolve(aliyunServerURL+"/"+aliyunFileKey)
},
fail: function (err) {
err.wxaddinfo = aliyunServerURL;
failc(err);
reject(err)
},
})
})
}
const getPolicyBase64 = function () {
let date = new Date();
date.setHours(date.getHours() + ossConfig.timeout);
let srcT = date.toISOString();
const policyText = {
"expiration": srcT, //设置该Policy的失效时间，超过这个失效时间之后，就没有办法通过这个policy上传文件了
"conditions": [
["content-length-range", 0, 5 * 1024 * 1024] // 设置上传文件的大小限制,5mb
]
};
const policyBase64 = base64.encode(JSON.stringify(policyText));
return policyBase64;
}
const getSignature = function (policyBase64) {
const accesskey = ossConfig.accessKeySecret;
const bytes = Crypto.HMAC(Crypto.SHA1, policyBase64, accesskey, {
asBytes: true
});
const signature = Crypto.util.bytesToBase64(bytes);
return signature;
}
module.exports = uploadFile;
以上文件中用到OSS 配置文件：
// config/index.js
export const ossConfig = {
bucketUrl: "https://bucker-****-****.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com",
accessKeyId: "LTAI5t*********Yggx",
accessKeySecret: "6yH2fdn******2aFrDqbqiPD7",
regionId: "cn-shenzhen",
timeout: 80000,
dirPrefix: "test/headImage/" // 保存文件路径前缀
}
2. 上传头像
<!--pages/order/order.wxml-->
<view style="margin-top: 100rpx;text-align: center;">上传头像</view>
<button class="avatar-wrapper" open-type="chooseAvatar" bind:chooseavatar="onChooseAvatar">
<image class="avatar" src="{
{ logo ? logo : '' }}"></image>
</button>
<button type="primary" bindtap="onSubmit">确认上传</button>
// pages/order/order.js
import {
ossConfig } from '../../config/index'
const upload = require('../../utils/upload/uploadFile')
Page({
data: {
logo: ''
},
onShow() {
this.getTabBar().init()
},
async uploadImage(path){
// 上传文件到OSS
const _self = this;
wx.showLoading({
title: '上传中',
mask: true
})
var nowTime = new Date();
let parseDate = "" + nowTime.getFullYear() + (nowTime.getMonth()+1 < 10 ? ('0'+nowTime.getMonth()+1) : (nowTime.getMonth()+1)) + (nowTime.getDay() < 10 ? ('0'+nowTime.getDay()) : nowTime.getDay())
return upload(path, ossConfig.dirPrefix + parseDate + '/',
function (result) {
_self.setData({
logo: result
})
wx.hideLoading();
}, function (err) {
wx.hideLoading();
wx.showToast({
title: '上传失败',
icon: 'none'
})
}
)
},
onChooseAvatar(e) {
// 选择图片预览
const {
avatarUrl } = e.detail
this.setData({
logo: avatarUrl
})
},
async onSubmit(){
// 上传图片
if(this.data.logo.indexOf("//tmp") > -1){
await this.uploadImage(this.data.logo)
}
console.log(this.data.logo) // OSS 上传文件路径
}
})
/* pages/order/order.wxss */
.avatar-wrapper {
padding: 0;
width: 100rpx !important;
height: 100rpx !important;
border-radius: 50%;
border: none !important;
background-color: #ccc;
display: block;
margin: 50rpx auto;
}
.avatar-wrapper .avatar {
display: inline;
width: 100rpx;
height: 100rpx;
}
实现效果：
注意：需要小程序后台配置服务器域名，将阿里云OSS地址加入request合法域名、配置uploadFile合法域名、downloadFile合法域名。如：
https://bucker-****-****.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com
头像昵称填写，从基础库 2.21.2 开始支持，当小程序需要让用户完善个人资料时，可以通过微信提供的头像昵称填写能力快速完善。
根据相关法律法规，为确保信息安全，由用户上传的图片、昵称等信息微信侧将进行安全检测，组件从基础库2.24.4版本起，已接入内容安全服务端接口（mediaCheckAsync、msgSecCheck），以减少内容安全风险对开发者的影响。
官方文档：开放能力/用户信息/获取头像昵称