inotify配合rsync将文件实时同步到备份服务器

一、环境准备

1、服务器详细信息如下,有两台主机,A和B

主机 主机名 ip
A linux-node1 192.168.17.23
B linux-node2 192.168.17.24

2、为详细的拓扑图架构
逻辑架构图如下:inotify配合rsync将文件实时同步到备份服务器

物理架构图
3、将两台主机上的hosts解析设置为一样
主机A

[root@linux-node1 ~]# tail -2 /etc/hosts
192.168.17.23  linux-node1.com
192.168.17.24  linux-node2.com

主机B

[root@linux-node2 ~]# tail -2 /etc/hosts
192.168.17.23  linux-node1.com
192.168.17.24  linux-node2.com

二、部署rsync服务器端

1、配置rsyncd.conf

#情动发现报错,原来是需要配置rsyncd.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# rsync --daemon
Failed to parse config file: /etc/rsyncd.conf
#配置rsyncd.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf    
###this is rsyncd.conf 
###by amsilence
uid = rsync
gid = rsync
use chroot = no
max connections =2000
timeout = 600
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
hosts allow = 192.168.17.0/24
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
#################################
[backup]
path = /backup

2、启动rsync服务
错误1:

[root@linux-node1 ~]# rsync --deamon
rsync: --deamon: unknown option
rsync error: syntax or usage error (code 1) at main.c(1422) [client=3.0.6]

解决办法:忘记创建/etc/rsync.password文件

[root@linux-node1 ~]# echo “rsync_backup:123456”  >/etc/rsync.password 

启动rsync成功

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/rsync.password 
rsync_backup:123456
[root@linux-node1 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password 
[root@linux-node1 ~]# rsync --daemon
[root@linux-node1 ~]# pgrep rsync
1267
[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep rsync
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:873                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1267/rsync
tcp        0      0 :::873                      :::*                        LISTEN      1267/rsync    

3、创建rsync需要使用对的真实用户

[root@linux-node1 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M rsync
[root@linux-node1 ~]# id rsync
uid=501(rsync) gid=501(rsync) groups=501(rsync)

4、创建rsync推送需要的目录(需要按照)

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir /backup
[root@linux-node1 ~]# chown -R rsync.rsync /backup/

5、使用真实用户来测试rsync服务
注意:如果ssh端口修改了,就需要用这种加上端口,rsync -参数 文件 -e ‘ssh -p 端口号’ 用户名@ip:要推送到那里

[root@linux-node1 ~]# rsync -avz install.log '-e ssh -p 4086' [email protected]:/tmp
The authenticity of host '[linux-node1.com]:4086 ([192.168.17.23]:4086)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is a3:55:28:26:ec:e6:9c:95:bc:06:3c:fd:fc:1b:b3:23.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[linux-node1.com]:4086,[192.168.17.23]:4086' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password: 
sending incremental file list
install.log

sent 5398 bytes  received 31 bytes  638.71 bytes/sec
total size is 21764  speedup is 4.01
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ll /tmp/
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 silence silence 21764 Jan  4 08:41 install.log

测试rsync使用成功

三、部署rsync客户端

1、测试rsync虚拟用户
注意:在使用虚拟用户的时候不需用ssh的端口

[root@linux-node2 ~]# rsync -avz install.log rsync_backup@linux-node1.com::backup                 
Password: 
sending incremental file list
install.log

sent 5394 bytes  received 27 bytes  2168.40 bytes/sec
total size is 21764  speedup is 4.01

2、创建自动应答密码文件

[root@linux-node2 ~]# cat /etc/rsync.password 
123456
[root@linux-node2 ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password
#下面内容为测试 
[root@linux-node2 ~]# rsync -avz install.log [email protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password 
sending incremental file list

sent 32 bytes  received 8 bytes  26.67 bytes/sec
total size is 21764  speedup is 544.10

实验环境:还是上一篇文章中的实验环境 PS:上一篇文章我写了如何使用rsync同步文件到备份服务器,但是有一个缺点就是计算机不能够检测到电脑上面哪些数据发生了变化,因此需要使用inotify来监测哪些文件发生了变化。让后将变化了的文件通过rsync时时同步到备份服务器。

一、创建下载软件的文件夹

[root@linux-node2 ~]# [ -d /home/silence/tools ] ||mkdir -p /home/silence/tools && cd /home/silence/tools  
[root@linux-node2 tools]# ll /home/silence/tools/
total 0
[root@linux-node2 tools]# pwd                    
/home/silence/tools

二、下载编译安装inotify

[root@linux-node2 tools]# wget http://github.com/downloads/rvoicilas/inotify-tools/inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
[root@linux-node2 tools]# ls -lh inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 351K Mar 14  2010 inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
[root@linux-node2 tools]# tar xf inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz 
[root@linux-node2 tools]# cd inotify-tools-3.14
[root@linux-node2 inotify-tools-3.14]# mkdir /application
[root@linux-node2 inotify-tools-3.14]# ./configure --prefix=/application/inotify-tools-3.14 && make && make install
[root@linux-node2 inotify-tools-3.14]# ln -s /application/inotify-tools-3.14/ /application/inotify  

三、测试inotify

开启两个终端,终端一用于使用inotify,终端二用于创建和删除文件
终端一上

[root@linux-node2 tools]# /application/inotify/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%y%m%d%H:%M' --format '%T %w%f' -e create,close_write,delete /tmp/

终端二上

[silence@linux-node2 ~]$ for name in `seq 5`;do touch /tmp/test${name}.txt;sleep 1;done;

终端一上面的检测

[root@linux-node2 tools]# /application/inotify/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%y%m%d%H:%M' --format '%T %w%f' -e create,close_write,delete /tmp/
17010620:24 /tmp/test1.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test1.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test2.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test2.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test3.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test3.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test4.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test4.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test5.txt
17010620:24 /tmp/test5.txt

四、利用脚本配合rsync同步变化了的文件

脚本内容如下

[root@linux-node2 scripts]# cat rsync-backup.sh 
#!/bin/sh
# rsync-backup.sh
inotify=/application/inotify/bin/inotifywait
$inotify -mrq --format '%w%f' -e create,close_write,delete /data/ |while read file
do
   rsync -az /data/ --delete [email protected]::backup    --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
done

测试脚本

终端二
[silence@linux-node2 ~]$ sudo touch /data/{a..d}.txt 
终端一
[root@linux-node2 scripts]# sh -x /server/scripts/rsync-backup.sh 
+ inotify=/application/inotify/bin/inotifywait
+ /application/inotify/bin/inotifywait -mrq --format %w%f -e create,close_write,delete /data/
+ read file
+ rsync -az /data/ --delete rsync_backup@linux-node1.com::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
……………………………………中间内容省略………………………………………………
+ rsync -az /data/ --delete rsync_backup@linux-node1.com::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password
+ read file

查看是否同步成功

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ll /backup/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync 0 Jan  6 20:35 a.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync 0 Jan  6 20:35 b.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync 0 Jan  6 20:35 c.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync 0 Jan  6 20:35 d.txt

在linux-node2.com主机

[silence@linux-node2 ~]$ sudo rm -f /data/* 

在backup上面查看

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ll /backup/     
total 0

挂载在后台运行

[root@linux-node2 scripts]# /bin/bash /server/scripts/rsync-backup.sh &
[1] 27048

本文永久更新链接地址http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-10/147668.htm


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