使用 Qt designer

1、配置Qt designer外部工具

实质就是 Qt\bin 工具中 designer.exe

请查看 PyQt5开始入门、pyQt5 + pycharm 已经说明

2、Qt designer（Qt 设计师）使用

2.1 创建保存文件ui

文件apptest.ui 这个就是 PyQt5 的布局文件；

文件apptest.ui

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>800</width>
    <height>600</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget"/>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>800</width>
     <height>22</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

2.2 pyuic5.exe 工具 转化成为py文件

可以使用 pyuic5.exe 工具 转化成为 apptest.py文件（查看 PyQt5开始入门、pyQt5 + pycharm）：

pyuic5 apptest.ui -o apptest.py

文件apptest.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'apptest.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 22))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))

添加main入口使用：

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2.3 直接导入UI文件

uic.loadUi(r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\apptest.ui', self) 导入UI文件
from PyQt5.uic import loadUi

• UI文件中<widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow"> 默认self；对应代码class Ui_MainWindow(QMainWindow)
• 其他widget可直接通过name使用，例如self.statusbar.showMessage('Ready')
  再举例添加菜单栏self.menubar.addAction(openAct)

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys

from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QAction, QFileDialog
from PyQt5.uic import loadUi


class Ui_MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        loadUi(r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\apptest.ui', self)
        self.setupUi()

    def setupUi(self):
        print("setupUI")
        self.resize(800, 600)
        self.statusbar.showMessage('Ready')
        self.menuBarUI()
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(self)

    def menuBarUI(self):
        openAct = QAction(self.menubar)
        openAct.setCheckable(False)
        openAct.setObjectName('openFileAction')
        openAct.triggered.connect(self.opendir)
        openAct.setText('打开')
        self.menubar.addAction(openAct)

    def opendir(self):
        dir = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, r"Open Directory",
                                               "./",
                                               QFileDialog.ShowDirsOnly
                                               | QFileDialog.DontResolveSymlinks)
        print(str(dir))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2、qrc资源管理器

**qrc文件：**更多查看 PyQt5 资源管理

<!DOCTYPE RCC>
<RCC version="1.0">
	<qresource>
		<file>images/icon.ico</file>
	</qresource>
</RCC>