Httpclient的简单使用

HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了,越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能,但是对于大部分应用程序来说,JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目,用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包,并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 已经应用在很多的项目中,比如 Apache Jakarta 上很著名的另外两个开源项目 Cactus 和 HTMLUnit 都使用了 HttpClient。

以下列出的是 HttpClient 提供的主要的功能,要知道更多详细的功能可以参见 HttpClient 的主页。
(1)实现了所有 HTTP 的方法(GET,POST,PUT,HEAD 等)
(2)支持自动转向
(3)支持 HTTPS 协议
(4)支持代理 服务器

下载地址:

http://hc.apache.org/


测试案例:

1.通过GET方法执行请求

@Test
	public void doGet() throws Exception {
		//创建一个httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		//创建一个GET对象
		HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.sogou.com");
		//执行请求
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
		//取响应的结果
		int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(statusCode);
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
		String string = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(string);
		//关闭httpclient
		response.close();
		httpClient.close();
	}

2.通过GET方法带参数执行请求

@Test
	public void doGetWithParam() throws Exception{
		//创建一个httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		//创建一个uri对象
		URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder("http://www.sogou.com/web");
		uriBuilder.addParameter("query", "花千骨");
		HttpGet get = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
		//执行请求
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
		//取响应的结果
		int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(statusCode);
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
		String string = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(string);
		//关闭httpclient
		response.close();
		httpClient.close();
	}
3.使用httpclient执行post请求

@Test
	public void doPost() throws Exception {
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
	
		//创建一个post对象
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/httpclient/post.html");
		//执行post请求
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
		String string = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
		System.out.println(string);
		response.close();
		httpClient.close();
		
	}

4.带参数的post请求

	@RequestMapping(value="/http/post",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	@ResponseBody
	public String postTest(String name,String password) {
		return "name:"+name+"/password"+password;
	}

@Test
	public void doPostWithParam() throws Exception{
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		
		//创建一个post对象
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/httpclient/post.html");
		//创建一个Entity。模拟一个表单
		List<NameValuePair> kvList = new ArrayList<>();
		kvList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "zhangsan"));
		kvList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123"));
		
		//包装成一个Entity对象
		StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(kvList, "utf-8");
		//设置请求的内容
		post.setEntity(entity);
		
		//执行post请求
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
		String string = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
		System.out.println(string);
		response.close();
		httpClient.close();
	}




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转载自blog.csdn.net/yilihuang/article/details/80673141