requests请求

requests 是对 urlopen 的封装

常用方法如下：import requests

url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
# get和pose请求
response = requests.get(url)
# 请求成功
print(response)
# 获取网页文本内容
print(response.text)
# reason 原因
# 请求状态的说明
print(response.reason)
# link 跳转的地址
print(response.links)
# 请求历史
print(response.history)
# 请求编码格式
print(response.apparent_encoding)
# 设置响应的编码格式为网页的编码格式
response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
# 获取网页内容（bytes形式）
print(response.content)
# 获取网页cookie
print(response.cookies)
# 获取响应头信息
print(response.headers)
# 获取请求的网址
print(response.request.url)

以获取城市天气为例：

import requests
import json
from prettyprinter import pprint

class Weather(object):
   def __init__(self):
       # 获取本地信息
       self.location_url = 'http://api.map.baidu.com/location/ip?&ak=KQvhEkxc6mFCAYHTblC3NGVmxzxIWk0E&coor=bd09ll'
        # 获取天气信息
       self.weather_url = 'http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather?output=json&ak=TueGDhCvwI6fOrQnLM0qmXxY9N0OkOiQ&callback=?&location='

   def start_spider(self):

       cityName =self.get_location()
       self.get_Weather_info(cityName)

       while True:
           cityName = input('请输入城市名字')
           if cityName == 'E':
               return
           self.get_Weather_info(cityName)

   def get_location(self):
       response = requests.get(self.location_url)
       print(response)
       # 获取网页的内容
       print(response.content)
       # 将内容转化为字典对象
       result_dic = json.loads(response.content)
       pprint(result_dic)
       city = result_dic['content']['address_detail']['city']
       return city
   def get_Weather_info(self,cityName):
       url = self.weather_url + cityName
       response = requests.get(url)
       weather_dic = json.loads(response.content)
       pprint(weather_dic)
       for dayDic in weather_dic['results'][0]['weather_data']:
           print('{}'.format(dayDic['date']))
           print('温度：{}'.format(dayDic['temperature']))

w= Weather()
w.start_spider()

猜你喜欢