不同于数据泵以段为单位进行备份，而RMAN是以8K块为单位进行备份，并且对8K块进行校验，因此用RMAN备份不会备份出坏块。因为RMAN要把备份信息写到控制文件中，所以在使用RMAN做备份的时候要求控制文件必须可见，也就是说数据库要启动到mount状态或open状态。在非归档模式下，需要将数据库启动到mount状态下做数据库的全备，而归档模式下，我们备份的手段就很多了。
首先建立备份目录
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ mkdir rmanbk
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ cd rmanbk
[oracle@RHEL6 rmanbk]$ pwd
/home/oracle/rmanbk
登陆RMAN
[oracle@RHEL6 rmanbk]$ rman
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 25 10:20:32 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
RMAN> 连接数据库
RMAN> connect target /
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
也可以吧两步并成一步
[oracle@RHEL6 rmanbk]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 25 10:23:27 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
RMAN> 首先我们查看数据库的物理信息
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCL
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 740 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
2 470 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
3 45 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
4 1024 USERS *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
5 100 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
6 10 TEST *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 49 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orcl/tempfile/temp.264.982157561
我们先将数据库切换到归档模式
[oracle@RHEL6 rmanbk]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jul 25 10:27:19 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ orcl>shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.SYS@ orcl>startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
Database mounted.SYS@ orcl>alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05SYS@ orcl>alter database open;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.56SYS@ orcl>archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 11
Next log sequence to archive 13
Current log sequence 13使用RMAN镜像备份（根据上面查询的物理结构）
RMAN> copy datafile 6 to '/home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf';
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
output file name=/home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf tag=TAG20180725T103430 RECID=2 STAMP=982406070
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18从控制文件中读取备份信息
RMAN> list copy of datafile 6;
List of Datafile Copies
=======================
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- ---------------
2 6 A 25-JUL-18 1177416 25-JUL-18
Name: /home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf
Tag: TAG20180725T103430备份当前的控制文件
RMAN> copy current controlfile to '/home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl';
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output file name=/home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl tag=TAG20180725T103746 RECID=3 STAMP=982406267
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18RMAN> list copy of controlfile;
List of Control File Copies
===========================
Key S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time
------- - --------------- ---------- ---------------
3 A 25-JUL-18 1177505 25-JUL-18
Name: /home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl
Tag: TAG20180725T103746使用RMAN进行特征备份，包括备份集合备份片，备份集是备份片的集合，镜像备份会直接备份数据库中的物理文件，即使里面有空白块，而备份片保存的是数据文件中高水位线以下的块。
查看数据库中参数文件信息
SYS@ orcl>show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
SYS@ orcl>RMAN> backup spfile format '/home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora';
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora tag=TAG20180725T104401 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18RMAN> list backup of spfile;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104401
Piece Name: /home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL备份控制文件，在不指定路径的情况下会备份到闪回区
RMAN> backup current controlfile;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775 tag=TAG20180725T104613 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18RMAN> list backup of controlfile;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104613
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1177873 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
备份数据文件
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCL
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 740 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
2 470 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
3 45 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
4 1024 USERS *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
5 100 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
6 10 TEST *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 49 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orcl/tempfile/temp.264.982157561
RMAN> backup datafile 5;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929 tag=TAG20180725T104848 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18RMAN> list backup of datafile 5;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 68.75M DISK 00:00:03 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104848
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1177971 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
RMAN> 备份表空间
RMAN> backup tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209 tag=TAG20180725T105329 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
使用RMAN备份全库
RMAN> backup database;压缩备份
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset datafile 5;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397 tag=TAG20180725T105637 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18RMAN> list backup of datafile 5;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 68.75M DISK 00:00:03 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104848
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1177971 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 21.49M DISK 00:00:03 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20180725T105637
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397
List of Datafiles in backup set 5
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1178181 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
对比之前没有压缩的备份，大小还是差很多的
压缩备份全库
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105925_0.264.982407565 tag=TAG20180725T105925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncsnf0_tag20180725t105925_0.265.982407623 tag=TAG20180725T105925 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18全库备份有一个特点，如果RMAN备份中包含了1号文件，当备份成功之后，RMAN会自动将控制文件和参数文件一起备份，并生成一个新的备份集，
RMAN的参数配置
查看当前RMAN的参数配置
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default
配置通道
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbk/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/rmanbk/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/rmanbk/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
%d 数据库名
%I 数据库的ID号
%s 备份集编号
%p 备份片编号
%T 格里高利格式日期
%c 副本编号
RMAN> backup datafile 6;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp tag=TAG20180725T111416 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18配置备份时的副本
RMAN> configure datafile backup copies for device type disk to 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> backup datafile 6;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18 with 2 copies and tag TAG20180725T111950
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725_1.bkp comment=NONE
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725_2.bkp comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
设置多通道备份
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbk1/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp','/home/oracle/rmanbk2/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/rmanbk/%d_%I1_%s_%p_%T—%c.bkp', '/home/oracle/rmanbk1_%s_2%p_%T—%c.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/rmanbk1/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp', '/home/oracle/rmanbk2/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
创建相应目录
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ mkdir rmanbk1
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ mkdir rmanbk2RMAN> backup datafile 6;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18 with 2 copies and tag TAG20180725T112558
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk1/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_1.bkp comment=NONE
piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk2/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_2.bkp comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
我们将配置还原
RMAN> configure channel device type disk clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/rmanbk1/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp', '/home/oracle/rmanbk2/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T_%c.bkp';
old RMAN configuration parameters are successfully deleted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> configure datafile backup copies for device type disk clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 2;
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value
配置备份片大小
RMAN> configure channel device type disk maxpiecesize 50m;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 50 M;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> backup datafile 2;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.266.982409601 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 2 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 2 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.267.982409605 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 3 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 3 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.268.982409607 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 4 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 4 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.269.982409611 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 5 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 5 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.270.982409613 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 6 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 6 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.271.982409617 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 7 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 7 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.272.982409619 tag=TAG20180725T113321 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:21
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104401
Piece Name: /home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104613
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1177873 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 68.75M DISK 00:00:03 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T104848
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1177971 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T105329
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209
List of Datafiles in backup set 4
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1178099 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5 Full 21.49M DISK 00:00:03 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20180725T105637
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397
List of Datafiles in backup set 5
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 1178181 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 Full 274.60M DISK 00:00:51 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20180725T105925
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105925_0.264.982407565
List of Datafiles in backup set 6
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
2 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
3 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
4 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
5 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
6 Full 1178265 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7 Full 1.03M DISK 00:00:01 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20180725T105925
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncsnf0_tag20180725t105925_0.265.982407623
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1178364 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
8 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:01 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T111416
Piece Name: /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 8
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1179002 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
BS Key Type LV Size
------- ---- -- ----------
9 Full 1.07M
List of Datafiles in backup set 9
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1179166 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 9
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18 NO TAG20180725T111950
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 9 Copy #1
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
9 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—1.bkp
Backup Set Copy #2 of backup set 9
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18 NO TAG20180725T111950
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 9 Copy #2
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
10 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—2.bkp
BS Key Type LV Size
------- ---- -- ----------
10 Full 1.07M
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1179357 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 10
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18 NO TAG20180725T112558
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 10 Copy #1
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
11 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/rmanbk1/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_1.bkp
Backup Set Copy #2 of backup set 10
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18 NO TAG20180725T112558
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 10 Copy #2
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
12 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/rmanbk2/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_2.bkp
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
11 Full 345.29M DISK 00:00:20 25-JUL-18
List of Datafiles in backup set 11
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
2 Full 1179566 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 11
Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag
----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- ---
DISK 00:00:20 25-JUL-18 NO TAG20180725T113321
List of Backup Pieces for backup set 11 Copy #1
BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name
------- --- ----------- ----------
13 1 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.266.982409601
14 2 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.267.982409605
15 3 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.268.982409607
16 4 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.269.982409611
17 5 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.270.982409613
18 6 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.271.982409617
19 7 AVAILABLE +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.272.982409619
设置备份集大小
RMAN> configure maxsetsize to 500m;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO 500 M;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
清空备份集、备份片配置
RMAN> configure maxsetsize clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO 500 M;
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 50 M;
old RMAN configuration parameters are successfully deleted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
指定备份时将哪些表空间排除在外
RMAN> configure exclude for tablespace example;
Tablespace EXAMPLE will be excluded from future whole database backups
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
在执行备份命令时可以通过加参数将限制取消
RMAN> backup database noexclude;RMAN> CONFIGURE EXCLUDE FOR TABLESPACE 'EXAMPLE' clear;
Tablespace EXAMPLE will be included in future whole database backups
old RMAN configuration parameters are successfully deleted
备份策略
显示备份2次以上的陈旧备份
RMAN> report obsolete;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Datafile Copy 2 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf
Control File Copy 3 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl
Backup Set 1 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 1 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora
Backup Set 2 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 2 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775
Backup Set 3 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 3 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
Backup Set 4 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 4 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209
Backup Set 5 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 5 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397
Backup Set 8 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 8 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp
Backup Set 9 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 10 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—2.bkp
Backup Set 9 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 9 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—1.bkp
设置冗余度为2，备份超过2次的备份将被视作陈旧备份
RMAN> configure retention policy to redundancy 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> delete obsolete;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Datafile Copy 2 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf
Control File Copy 3 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl
Backup Set 3 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 3 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
Backup Set 4 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 4 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209
Backup Set 8 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 8 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? no
设置已时间为冗余度的备份策略
RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 1 days;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default
配置后，按次数冗余的配置就被替换掉了
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value
自动备份控制文件
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> backup datafile 6;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t134300_0.273.982417381 tag=TAG20180725T134300 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/autobackup/2018_07_25/s_982417382.274.982417383 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP clear;
old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN configuration parameters are successfully reset to default value
归档日志的保留策略
RMAN> configure archivelog deletion policy to backed up 2 times to device type disk;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO BACKED UP 2 TIMES TO DISK;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN> list archivelog all;
specification does not match any archived log in the repository
备份归档日志
RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=1 STAMP=982417716
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t134836_0.276.982417717 tag=TAG20180725T134836 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_13.275.982417715 thread=1 sequence=13
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> list archivelog all;
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
1 1 13 A 24-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_13.275.982417715
RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=1 STAMP=982417716
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=2 STAMP=982417831
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t135031_0.278.982417831 tag=TAG20180725T135031 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_13.275.982417715 RECID=1 STAMP=982417716
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_14.277.982417831 thread=1 sequence=14
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> list archivelog all;
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
2 1 14 A 25-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_14.277.982417831
还原和恢复
参数文件的备份还原
首先删除所有备份
RMAN> delete backup;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora
2 2 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775
3 3 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929
4 4 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209
5 5 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397
6 6 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105925_0.264.982407565
7 7 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncsnf0_tag20180725t105925_0.265.982407623
8 8 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp
9 9 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—1.bkp
10 9 1 2 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—2.bkp
11 10 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk1/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_1.bkp
12 10 1 2 AVAILABLE DISK /home/oracle/rmanbk2/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_2.bkp
13 11 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.266.982409601
14 11 2 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.267.982409605
15 11 3 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.268.982409607
16 11 4 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.269.982409611
17 11 5 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.270.982409613
18 11 6 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.271.982409617
19 11 7 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.272.982409619
20 12 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t134300_0.273.982417381
21 13 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/autobackup/2018_07_25/s_982417382.274.982417383
22 14 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t134836_0.276.982417717
23 15 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t135031_0.278.982417831
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/spfileorcl.ora RECID=1 STAMP=982406641
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t104613_0.260.982406775 RECID=2 STAMP=982406774
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t104848_0.261.982406929 RECID=3 STAMP=982406928
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105329_0.262.982407209 RECID=4 STAMP=982407209
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105637_0.263.982407397 RECID=5 STAMP=982407397
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t105925_0.264.982407565 RECID=6 STAMP=982407565
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncsnf0_tag20180725t105925_0.265.982407623 RECID=7 STAMP=982407622
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_10_1_20180725.bkp RECID=8 STAMP=982408457
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—1.bkp RECID=9 STAMP=982408790
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk/ORCL_1509938286_11_1_20180725—2.bkp RECID=10 STAMP=982408790
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk1/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_1.bkp RECID=11 STAMP=982409158
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/rmanbk2/ORCL_1509938286_13_1_20180725_2.bkp RECID=12 STAMP=982409158
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.266.982409601 RECID=13 STAMP=982409601
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.267.982409605 RECID=14 STAMP=982409604
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.268.982409607 RECID=15 STAMP=982409607
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.269.982409611 RECID=16 STAMP=982409610
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.270.982409613 RECID=17 STAMP=982409613
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.271.982409617 RECID=18 STAMP=982409616
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t113321_0.272.982409619 RECID=19 STAMP=982409619
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t134300_0.273.982417381 RECID=20 STAMP=982417381
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/autobackup/2018_07_25/s_982417382.274.982417383 RECID=21 STAMP=982417382
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t134836_0.276.982417717 RECID=22 STAMP=982417716
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/annnf0_tag20180725t135031_0.278.982417831 RECID=23 STAMP=982417831
Deleted 23 objects
备份参数文件（RMAN只能备份SPFILE）
RMAN> backup spfile;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311 tag=TAG20180725T135831 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
模拟参数文件丢失
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ su - grid
Password: [grid@RHEL6 ~]$ asmcmd -p
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
ASMCMD [+] > cd DATA
ASMCMD [+DATA] > cd orcl
ASMCMD [+DATA/orcl] > ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
Y CONTROLFILE/
Y DATAFILE/
Y ONLINELOG/
Y PARAMETERFILE/
Y TEMPFILE/
N spfileorcl.ora => +DATA/ORCL/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.266.982157653
ASMCMD [+DATA/orcl] > rm -f spfileorcl.ora
ASMCMD [+DATA/orcl] > ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
Y CONTROLFILE/
Y DATAFILE/
Y ONLINELOG/
Y TEMPFILE/
ASMCMD [+DATA/orcl] > 重启数据库
SYS@ orcl>shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.SYS@ orcl>startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileorcl.ora' does not exist in directory 'orcl'
ORA-06512: at line 4报错，已经找不到参数文件了
如果我们想使用RMAN的备份片还原出文件，我们必须要拥有实例，大师现在SQLPLUS已经不能启动实例，在这种情况下，RMAN是可以启动实例的，RMAN可以在没有参数文件的情况下，对db_name赋予默认值：dummy，可以为我们启动一个临时的救援实例，作用就是可以拥有实例，分离备份片里面的数据。
我们重新连接RMAN进程，并登陆救援数据库DUMMY
RMAN> startup nomount;
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileorcl.ora' does not exist in directory 'orcl'
ORA-06512: at line 4
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 158662656 bytes
Fixed Size 2211448 bytes
Variable Size 88080776 bytes
Database Buffers 62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
在SQLPLUS下查看实例名称
SYS@ orcl>conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@ orcl>show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string DUMMY
db_unique_name string DUMMY
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string orcl
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string DUMMY
SYS@ orcl>由于RMAN的备份信息是记录在控制文件中的，而现在RMAN是无法读取控制文件的，所以备份片的信息一定要由管理员提供。
RMAN> restore spfile to '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora' from '+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311';
Starting restore at 25-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 25-JUL-18
恢复完成后查看文件是否存在
ASMCMD> pwd
+data/orcl
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
Y CONTROLFILE/
Y DATAFILE/
Y ONLINELOG/
Y TEMPFILE/
N spfileorcl.ora => +DATA/DUMMY/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.266.982426109重启数据库看看行不行
SYS@ orcl>shut abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.SYS@ orcl>show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string orcl
db_unique_name string orcl
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string orcl
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
service_names string orcl
SYS@ orcl>控制文件的备份还原和恢复
我们先备份控制文件
重新登录RMAN
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 25 16:15:52 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
RMAN> backup current controlfile;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633 tag=TAG20180725T161712 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
模拟数据库切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.07
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.87
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.09查看数据库中控制文件的位置
SYS@ orcl>col name for a50
SYS@ orcl>select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.260.982157551
+FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982157551
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00我们把数据库停掉
SYS@ orcl>shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.在磁盘组下删除控制文件
ASMCMD> cd data
ASMCMD> cd orcl
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
TEMPFILE/
spfileorcl.ora
ASMCMD> cd controlfile
ASMCMD> ls
Current.260.982157551
ASMCMD> rm Current.260.982157551重新登录ASMCMD,删除另外一个控制文件
[grid@RHEL6 ~]$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> cd flash
ASMCMD> ls
ORCL/
ASMCMD> cd orcl
ASMCMD> ls
ARCHIVELOG/
BACKUPSET/
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
ASMCMD> cd controlfile
ASMCMD> ls
Current.256.982157551
ASMCMD> rm Current.256.982157551删除控制文件后，我们重启数据库
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
查看告警日志所在文件目录
SYS@ orcl>show parameter background
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------
background_core_dump string partial
background_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orc
l/orcl/trace
SYS@ orcl>打开目录下的日志
ORA-00210: ???????????
ORA-00202: ????: ''+FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982157551''
ORA-17503: ksfdopn: 2 ?????? +FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982157551
ORA-15012: ASM file '+FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982157551' does not exist
ORA-00210: ???????????
ORA-00202: ????: ''+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.260.982157551''
ORA-17503: ksfdopn: 2 ?????? +DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.260.982157551
ORA-15012: ASM file '+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.260.982157551' does not exist
ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...
Wed Jul 25 17:03:48 2018
Checker run found 2 new persistent data failures重启数据库
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 25 17:12:50 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> restore controlfile from '+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633';
Starting restore at 25-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.260.982430057
output file name=+FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982430057
Finished restore at 25-JUL-18
SYS@ orcl>alter database mount;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:04.24SYS@ orcl>alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06虽然可以装在数据库，但是无法打开数据库
SYS@ orcl>alter database open RESETLOGS;
alter database open RESETLOGS
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463'
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 25-JUL-18
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 25-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 25-JUL-18
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 5 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 25-JUL-18
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923
File Name: +flash/ORCL/BACKUPSET/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_TAG20180725T161712_0.274.982426633
using channel ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-06900: WARNING: unable to generate V$RMAN_STATUS or V$RMAN_OUTPUT row
RMAN-06901: WARNING: disabling update of the V$RMAN_STATUS and V$RMAN_OUTPUT rows
ORACLE error from target database:
ORA-19922: there is no parent row with id 0 and level 1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 17 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.262.982157553
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875 thread=1 sequence=16
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921 thread=1 sequence=17
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923 thread=1 sequence=18
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923 thread=1 sequence=19
archived log file name=+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.262.982157553 thread=1 sequence=20
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 25-JUL-18
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARCHIVED STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------------- ------------- ----------- ------------ -----------
1 1 1 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1207650 2018/7/25 1 281474976710
2 1 0 52428800 512 2 YES UNUSED 0 0
3 1 0 52428800 512 2 YES UNUSED 0 0
打开数据库后发现联机日志文件已被重置
数据文件的备份还原和恢复
RMAN> report schema;
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCL
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 740 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
2 480 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
3 45 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
4 1024 USERS *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
5 100 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
6 10 TEST *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 49 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orcl/tempfile/temp.264.982157561
备份数据文件
RMAN> backup datafile 6;
Starting backup at 25-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 25-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039 tag=TAG20180725T173039 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 25-JUL-18
切日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.68
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.25
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.07SYS@ orcl>select owner,table_name from dba_tables where tablespace_name='TEST';
OWNER TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
SCOTT E1
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04SYS@ orcl>desc scott.e1
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------------------- -------- --------------------------------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
SYS@ orcl>select count(1) from scott.e1;
COUNT(1)
----------
14
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01我们模拟备份后表中数据的变化
SYS@ orcl>insert into scott.e1 select * from scott.e1;
14 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
SYS@ orcl>/
28 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SYS@ orcl>/
56 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SYS@ orcl>/
112 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SYS@ orcl>/
224 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SYS@ orcl>/
448 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01再次切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.94
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05模拟数据文件丢失
[grid@RHEL6 ~]$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > cd data
ASMCMD [+data] > cd orcl
ASMCMD [+data/orcl] > cd datafile
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.265.982157563
SYSAUX.257.982157463
SYSTEM.256.982157463
TEST.267.982349239
UNDOTBS1.258.982157463
USERS.259.982157463
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > rm -f TEST.267.982349239
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.265.982157563
SYSAUX.257.982157463
SYSTEM.256.982157463
UNDOTBS1.258.982157463
USERS.259.982157463重新启动数据库
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239'
进入RMAN
RMAN> list failure;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Database Failures
=========================
Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
642 HIGH OPEN 26-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles are missing
8 HIGH OPEN 22-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles need media recovery
生成修复向导
RMAN> advise failure;
List of Database Failures
=========================
Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
642 HIGH OPEN 26-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles are missing
8 HIGH OPEN 22-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles need media recovery
analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK
analyzing automatic repair options complete
Mandatory Manual Actions
========================
no manual actions available
Optional Manual Actions
=======================
1. If file +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239 was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it
2. If you restored the wrong version of data file +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239, then replace it with the correct one
Automated Repair Options
========================
Option Repair Description
------ ------------------
1 Restore and recover datafile 6
Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_2078076694.hm
查看其中的修复脚本
SYS@ orcl>!cat /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_2078076694.hm
# restore and recover datafile
restore datafile 6;
recover datafile 6;
按照脚本进行恢复
RMAN> repair failure;
Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_2078076694.hm
contents of repair script:
# restore and recover datafile
restore datafile 6;
recover datafile 6;
Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? yes
executing repair script
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982349239
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039 tag=TAG20180725T173039
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_1.265.982431179
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_2.264.982431181
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_3.263.982431183
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_4.262.982431185
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_5.261.982431189
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 6 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.260.982492271
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.275.982492271
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.279.982492273
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.280.982492275
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.281.982492345
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.282.982492345
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.283.982492347
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.284.982492349
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 14 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.285.982492349
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_1.265.982431179 thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_2.264.982431181 thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_3.263.982431183 thread=1 sequence=3
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_4.262.982431185 thread=1 sequence=4
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_5.261.982431189 thread=1 sequence=5
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.260.982492271 thread=1 sequence=6
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.275.982492271 thread=1 sequence=7
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.279.982492273 thread=1 sequence=8
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.280.982492275 thread=1 sequence=9
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.281.982492345 thread=1 sequence=10
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.282.982492345 thread=1 sequence=11
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.283.982492347 thread=1 sequence=12
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 26-JUL-18
repair failure complete
Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? yes
database opened
SCOTT@ orcl>select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
BONUS TABLE
DEPT TABLE
E1 TABLE
EMP TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
TEST TABLE
6 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05表空间的备份还原和恢复
表空间的备份还原恢复和数据文件的差不多，只不过表空间在备份的时候可以备份多个数据文件，我们先在表空间下增加数据文件
SYS@ orcl>alter tablespace test add datafile size 50m;
Tablespace altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.90SYS@ orcl>select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009
+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982493321
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03SYS@ orcl>insert into scott.e1 select * from scott.e1;
7168 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
SYS@ orcl>/
14336 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
SYS@ orcl>/
28672 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>commit;
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
SYS@ orcl>select count(1) from scott.e1;
COUNT(1)
----------
57344
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01SYS@ orcl>select file_id,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE_ID FILE_NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
6 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009
7 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982493321
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02SYS@ orcl>select file_id,block_id,blocks from dba_extents where segment_name='TEST';
FILE_ID BLOCK_ID BLOCKS
---------- ---------- ----------
4 152 8
4 160 8
4 608 8
4 624 8
4 632 8
4 640 8
4 648 8
4 656 8
4 664 8
4 672 8
4 680 8
4 688 8
4 696 8
4 704 8
4 712 8
4 720 8
4 768 128
4 896 128
4 1024 128
4 1152 128
4 1280 128
4 1408 128
4 544 8
4 552 8
4 560 8
4 568 8
4 576 8
4 584 8
4 592 8
4 600 8
4 616 8
4 744 8
4 752 8
4 760 8
4 2304 8
4 2312 8
4 2320 8
4 2328 8
4 2432 128
4 2560 128
4 2688 128
4 2816 128
4 2944 128
4 3072 128
44 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.23备份表空间
RMAN> backup tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982493321
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075 tag=TAG20180726T110113 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04再次插入数据
SYS@ orcl>insert into scott.e1 select * from scott.e1;
57344 rows created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.08
SYS@ orcl>select count(1) from scott.e1;
COUNT(1)
----------
114688
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00再切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.14
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.46
SYS@ orcl>/
/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.48
SYS@ orcl>
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.07模拟表空间丢失
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.265.982157563
SYSAUX.257.982157463
SYSTEM.256.982157463
TEST.267.982493009
TEST.268.982493321
UNDOTBS1.258.982157463
USERS.259.982157463
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > rm -f TEST.267.982493009
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > rm -f TEST.268.982493321
ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > ls
EXAMPLE.265.982157563
SYSAUX.257.982157463
SYSTEM.256.982157463
UNDOTBS1.258.982157463
USERS.259.982157463重新启动数据库
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009'
重新连接RMAN，进行恢复
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 26 11:11:10 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286, not open)
RMAN> list failure;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Database Failures
=========================
Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
642 HIGH OPEN 26-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles are missing
RMAN> advise failure;
List of Database Failures
=========================
Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
642 HIGH OPEN 26-JUL-18 One or more non-system datafiles are missing
analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK
analyzing automatic repair options complete
Mandatory Manual Actions
========================
no manual actions available
Optional Manual Actions
=======================
1. If file +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009 was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it
2. If file +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982493321 was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it
Automated Repair Options
========================
Option Repair Description
------ ------------------
1 Restore and recover datafile 6; Restore and recover datafile 7
Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_3236229941.hm
查看修复脚本
SYS@ orcl>!cat /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_3236229941.hm
# restore and recover datafile
restore datafile 6, 7;
recover datafile 6, 7;
RMAN> repair failure;
Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/hm/reco_3236229941.hm
contents of repair script:
# restore and recover datafile
restore datafile 6, 7;
recover datafile 6, 7;
Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? yes
executing repair script
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982493009
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982493321
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075 tag=TAG20180726T110113
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 15 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.287.982494317
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.288.982494319
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 17 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_17.289.982494319
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_18.290.982494321
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 19 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_19.291.982494437
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 20 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_20.292.982494439
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 21 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_21.293.982494439
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 22 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_22.294.982494441
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 23 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_23.295.982494441
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.287.982494317 thread=1 sequence=15
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.288.982494319 thread=1 sequence=16
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_17.289.982494319 thread=1 sequence=17
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_18.290.982494321 thread=1 sequence=18
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_19.291.982494437 thread=1 sequence=19
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_20.292.982494439 thread=1 sequence=20
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_21.293.982494439 thread=1 sequence=21
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 26-JUL-18
repair failure complete
Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? yes
database opened
恢复后查看表中数据
SYS@ orcl>select count(1) from scott.e1;
COUNT(1)
----------
114688
Elapsed: 00:00:00.52说明备份后的数据也被修复了
全库的备份还原和恢复
先对数据库进行全备
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982494955
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982494955
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165 tag=TAG20180726T111923 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211 tag=TAG20180726T111923 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
RMAN> 切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06模拟全库故障
SYS@ orcl>shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.ASMCMD [+data/orcl/datafile] > cd ../../
ASMCMD [+data] > ls
ASM/
DUMMY/
ORCL/
ASMCMD [+data] > rm -rf orcl
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15177: cannot operate on system aliases (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
ASMCMD [+data] > cd orcl
ASMCMD [+data/orcl] > ls启动数据库试试
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileorcl.ora' does not exist in directory 'orcl'
ORA-06512: at line 4由于参数文件丢失，我们只能靠RMAN来启动数据库了
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 26 11:29:20 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount;
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:DGOpenFile05 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
ORA-15173: entry 'spfileorcl.ora' does not exist in directory 'orcl'
ORA-06512: at line 4
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 158662656 bytes
Fixed Size 2211448 bytes
Variable Size 88080776 bytes
Database Buffers 62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
从上面备份的信息中找到包含控制文件和参数文件的备份片，比如：
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211 tag=TAG20180726T111923 comment=NONE进行恢复
RMAN> restore spfile to '+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora' from '+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211';
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
用还原后的参数文件启动实例
RMAN> shutdown abort;
Oracle instance shut down
RMAN> startup nomount;
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
还原控制文件
RMAN> restore controlfile from '+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211';
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.264.982496197
output file name=+FLASH/orcl/controlfile/current.256.982430057
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
装载数据库
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
还原数据库
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 26-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 6 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 26-JUL-18
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 5 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 26-JUL-18
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_25.299.982495253
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_26.300.982495253
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_27.301.982495255
File Name: +flash/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_28.302.982495255
File Name: +flash/ORCL/BACKUPSET/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_TAG20180726T111923_0.297.982495211
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.256.982157463
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.257.982157463
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.258.982157463
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.259.982157463
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.265.982157563
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982494955
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.268.982494955
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165 tag=TAG20180726T111923
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
恢复数据库
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_25.299.982495253
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 26 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_26.300.982495253
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 27 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_27.301.982495255
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 28 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_28.302.982495255
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 29 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.982157555
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253 thread=1 sequence=24
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_25.299.982495253 thread=1 sequence=25
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_26.300.982495253 thread=1 sequence=26
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_27.301.982495255 thread=1 sequence=27
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_28.302.982495255 thread=1 sequence=28
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.982157555 thread=1 sequence=29
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 26-JUL-18
打开数据库
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN的增量备份
查看数据库物理信息
RMAN> report schema;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name ORCL
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 740 SYSTEM *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 480 SYSAUX *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 45 UNDOTBS1 *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 1024 USERS *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 100 EXAMPLE *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 10 TEST *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 50 TEST *** +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 20 TEMP 32767 +DATA/orcl/tempfile/temp.256.982496437
对TEST表空间做0级备份
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731 tag=TAG20180726T223530 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.07
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04新建一张表
SYS@ orcl>create table scott.ob1 tablespace TEST as select * from dba_objects where rownum<20001;
Table created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.43启动2级增量备份
RMAN> backup incremental level 2 tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 2 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021 tag=TAG20180726T224021 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
继续切日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.35
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04在创建一张表
SYS@ orcl>create table scott.ob2 tablespace TEST as select * from dba_objects where rownum<20001;
Table created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.20在做一个2级增量备份
RMAN> backup incremental level 2 tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 2 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263 tag=TAG20180726T224422 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
切换日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.57
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.25再创建一张表
SYS@ orcl>create table scott.ob3 tablespace TEST as select * from dba_objects where rownum<20001;
Table created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.23切日志
SYS@ orcl>alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06
SYS@ orcl>/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
SYS@ orcl>/
/
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.45
SYS@ orcl>
System altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04启动1级增量备份
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 tablespace 'TEST';
Starting backup at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437 tag=TAG20180726T224716 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 26-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
模拟表空间的还原恢复
RMAN> run{
2> sql 'alter tablespace test offline';
3> restore tablespace 'TEST';
4> recover tablespace 'TEST';
5> sql 'alter tablespace test online';
6> }
sql statement: alter tablespace test offline
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731 tag=TAG20180726T223530
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00006: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
destination for restore of datafile 00007: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437 tag=TAG20180726T224716
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 26-JUL-18
sql statement: alter tablespace test online
还原用的是0级增量备份，恢复用的是1级增量备份
那么我们把1级增量备份删除
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ su - grid
Password:
[grid@RHEL6 ~]$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > ls
DATA/
DG1/
FLASH/
ASMCMD [+] > cd flash
ASMCMD [+flash] > ls
ORCL/
ASMCMD [+flash] > cd orcl
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl] > ls
ARCHIVELOG/
BACKUPSET/
CONTROLFILE/
ONLINELOG/
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl] > cd backupset
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset] > ls
2018_07_25/
2018_07_26/
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset] > cd 2018_07_26/
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26] > ls
ncsnf0_TAG20180726T111923_0.297.982495211
nnndf0_TAG20180726T110113_0.286.982494075
nnndf0_TAG20180726T111923_0.296.982495165
nnndn0_TAG20180726T223530_0.303.982535731
nnndn1_TAG20180726T224716_0.322.982536437
nnndn2_TAG20180726T224021_0.308.982536021
nnndn2_TAG20180726T224422_0.313.982536263
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26] > rm -f nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26] > ls
ncsnf0_TAG20180726T111923_0.297.982495211
nnndf0_TAG20180726T110113_0.286.982494075
nnndf0_TAG20180726T111923_0.296.982495165
nnndn0_TAG20180726T223530_0.303.982535731
nnndn2_TAG20180726T224021_0.308.982536021
nnndn2_TAG20180726T224422_0.313.982536263
ASMCMD [+flash/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26] > 我们在RMAN里面重新模拟还原恢复
RMAN> run{
2> sql 'alter tablespace test offline';
3> restore tablespace 'TEST';
4> recover tablespace 'TEST';
5> sql 'alter tablespace test online';
6> }
sql statement: alter tablespace test offline
Starting restore at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731 tag=TAG20180726T223530
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 26-JUL-18
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00006: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
destination for restore of datafile 00007: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 07/26/2018 22:58:56
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
ORA-19505: failed to identify file "+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437"
ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
ORA-15012: ASM file '+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437' does not exist还原没有问题，但是在恢复的时候没有找到1级增量备份，因为在备份信息中1级增量备份的状态还是可用的，查看下
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
我们交叉检测下后台的备份集
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311 RECID=24 STAMP=982418311
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora RECID=25 STAMP=982423588
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633 RECID=26 STAMP=982430290
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039 RECID=27 STAMP=982431039
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075 RECID=28 STAMP=982494074
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165 RECID=29 STAMP=982495164
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211 RECID=30 STAMP=982496285
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731 RECID=31 STAMP=982535730
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021 RECID=32 STAMP=982536021
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263 RECID=33 STAMP=982536262
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437 RECID=34 STAMP=982536436
Crosschecked 11 objects
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
我们发现交叉检测后1级备份被标记为失效了
我们重新启动恢复操作
RMAN> recover tablespace 'TEST';
Starting recover at 26-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00006: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
destination for restore of datafile 00007: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021 tag=TAG20180726T224021
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00006: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
destination for restore of datafile 00007: +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263 tag=TAG20180726T224422
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.314.982536301
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.315.982536303
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.316.982536305
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.317.982536307
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.318.982536395
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 14 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.319.982536397
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 15 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.320.982536397
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 16 is already on disk as file +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.321.982536397
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.314.982536301 thread=1 sequence=9
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.315.982536303 thread=1 sequence=10
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.316.982536305 thread=1 sequence=11
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.317.982536307 thread=1 sequence=12
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.318.982536395 thread=1 sequence=13
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.319.982536397 thread=1 sequence=14
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 26-JUL-18
这回恢复用到了两个2级增量备份和归档日志文件
在10G以后，增量备份可以通过块跟踪提高增量备份的效率
启用块跟踪
SYS@ orcl>alter database enable block change tracking using file '/home/oracle/block_tracking.log';
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.17查看跟踪文件是否打开
SYS@ orcl>col filename for a50
SYS@ orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS FILENAME BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
ENABLED /home/oracle/block_tracking.log 11599872
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02关闭跟踪功能
SYS@ orcl>alter database disable block change tracking;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
SYS@ orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;
STATUS FILENAME BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
DISABLED
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01管理RMAN的备份集
查看所有的备份
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 24 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T135831
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 25 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T152628
Piece Name: /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 25-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 26 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T161712
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1207025 Ckp time: 25-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
19 Full 1.07M DISK 00:00:00 25-JUL-18
BP Key: 27 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180725T173039
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
List of Datafiles in backup set 19
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1208070 25-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
20 Full 5.04M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 28 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T110113
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
List of Datafiles in backup set 20
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1210382 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
查看是否有冗余备份
RMAN> report obsolete;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Datafile Copy 2 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf
Control File Copy 3 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl
Archive Log 2 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_14.277.982417831
Archive Log 3 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_15.276.982422533
Backup Set 16 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 24 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
Control File Copy 4 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/orcl_bak/control01.ctl
Backup Set 17 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 25 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
Archive Log 6 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923
Backup Set 18 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 26 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Archive Log 7 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923
Archive Log 4 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875
Archive Log 5 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921
Archive Log 14 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.269.982430425
Archive Log 16 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.267.982430427
Archive Log 15 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_20.268.982430425
Archive Log 17 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_1.265.982431179
Backup Set 19 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 27 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
Archive Log 18 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_2.264.982431181
Archive Log 19 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_3.263.982431183
Archive Log 20 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_4.262.982431185
Archive Log 21 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_5.261.982431189
Archive Log 22 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.260.982492271
Archive Log 23 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.275.982492271
Archive Log 24 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.279.982492273
Archive Log 25 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.280.982492275
Archive Log 26 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.281.982492345
Archive Log 27 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.282.982492345
Archive Log 28 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.283.982492347
Archive Log 29 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.284.982492349
Archive Log 30 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.285.982492349
Archive Log 31 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.287.982494317
Backup Set 20 26-JUL-18
Backup Piece 28 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
Archive Log 32 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.288.982494319
Archive Log 33 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_17.289.982494319
Archive Log 34 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_18.290.982494321
Archive Log 35 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_19.291.982494437
Archive Log 36 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_20.292.982494439
Archive Log 37 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_21.293.982494439
Archive Log 39 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_23.295.982494441
Archive Log 38 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_22.294.982494441RMAN> delete noprompt obsolete;
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Datafile Copy 2 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf
Control File Copy 3 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl
Archive Log 2 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_14.277.982417831
Archive Log 3 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_15.276.982422533
Backup Set 16 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 24 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311
Control File Copy 4 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/orcl_bak/control01.ctl
Backup Set 17 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 25 25-JUL-18 /home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora
Archive Log 6 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923
Backup Set 18 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 26 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633
Archive Log 7 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923
Archive Log 4 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875
Archive Log 5 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921
Archive Log 14 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.269.982430425
Archive Log 16 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.267.982430427
Archive Log 15 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_20.268.982430425
Archive Log 17 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_1.265.982431179
Backup Set 19 25-JUL-18
Backup Piece 27 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039
Archive Log 18 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_2.264.982431181
Archive Log 19 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_3.263.982431183
Archive Log 20 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_4.262.982431185
Archive Log 21 25-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_5.261.982431189
Archive Log 22 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.260.982492271
Archive Log 23 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.275.982492271
Archive Log 24 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.279.982492273
Archive Log 25 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.280.982492275
Archive Log 26 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.281.982492345
Archive Log 27 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.282.982492345
Archive Log 28 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.283.982492347
Archive Log 29 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.284.982492349
Archive Log 30 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.285.982492349
Archive Log 31 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.287.982494317
Backup Set 20 26-JUL-18
Backup Piece 28 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075
Archive Log 32 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.288.982494319
Archive Log 33 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_17.289.982494319
Archive Log 34 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_18.290.982494321
Archive Log 35 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_19.291.982494437
Archive Log 36 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_20.292.982494439
Archive Log 37 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_21.293.982494439
Archive Log 39 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_23.295.982494441
Archive Log 38 26-JUL-18 +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_22.294.982494441
deleted datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/home/oracle/rmanbk/tbs01.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=982406070
deleted control file copy
control file copy file name=/home/oracle/rmanbk/control01.ctl RECID=3 STAMP=982406267
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_14.277.982417831 RECID=2 STAMP=982417831
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_15.276.982422533 RECID=3 STAMP=982422533
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnsnf0_tag20180725t135831_0.278.982418311 RECID=24 STAMP=982418311
deleted control file copy
control file copy file name=/home/oracle/orcl_bak/control01.ctl RECID=4 STAMP=982423484
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/orcl_bak/spfileorcl.ora RECID=25 STAMP=982423588
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.271.982426923 RECID=6 STAMP=982430290
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/ncnnf0_tag20180725t161712_0.274.982426633 RECID=26 STAMP=982430290
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.270.982426923 RECID=7 STAMP=982430290
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_16.273.982426875 RECID=4 STAMP=982430290
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_17.272.982426921 RECID=5 STAMP=982430290
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_19.269.982430425 RECID=14 STAMP=982430425
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_18.267.982430427 RECID=16 STAMP=982430426
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_20.268.982430425 RECID=15 STAMP=982430426
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_1.265.982431179 RECID=17 STAMP=982431179
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_25/nnndf0_tag20180725t173039_0.266.982431039 RECID=27 STAMP=982431039
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_2.264.982431181 RECID=18 STAMP=982431181
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_3.263.982431183 RECID=19 STAMP=982431183
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_4.262.982431185 RECID=20 STAMP=982431185
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_25/thread_1_seq_5.261.982431189 RECID=21 STAMP=982431188
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.260.982492271 RECID=22 STAMP=982492270
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.275.982492271 RECID=23 STAMP=982492271
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.279.982492273 RECID=24 STAMP=982492272
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.280.982492275 RECID=25 STAMP=982492274
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.281.982492345 RECID=26 STAMP=982492344
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.282.982492345 RECID=27 STAMP=982492345
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.283.982492347 RECID=28 STAMP=982492348
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.284.982492349 RECID=29 STAMP=982492348
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.285.982492349 RECID=30 STAMP=982492349
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.287.982494317 RECID=31 STAMP=982494317
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t110113_0.286.982494075 RECID=28 STAMP=982494074
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.288.982494319 RECID=32 STAMP=982494318
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_17.289.982494319 RECID=33 STAMP=982494319
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_18.290.982494321 RECID=34 STAMP=982494320
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_19.291.982494437 RECID=35 STAMP=982494437
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_20.292.982494439 RECID=36 STAMP=982494438
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_21.293.982494439 RECID=37 STAMP=982494439
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_23.295.982494441 RECID=39 STAMP=982494440
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_22.294.982494441 RECID=38 STAMP=982494440
Deleted 40 objects
再次查看备份
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
删除拷贝文件
RMAN> list copy;
specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
specification does not match any control file copy in the repository
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
40 1 24 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253
41 1 25 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_25.299.982495253
42 1 26 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_26.300.982495253
43 1 27 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_27.301.982495255
44 1 28 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_28.302.982495255
48 1 1 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_1.304.982535837
49 1 2 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_2.305.982535837
50 1 3 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_3.306.982535839
51 1 4 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_4.307.982535839
52 1 5 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_5.309.982536121
53 1 6 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.310.982536123
54 1 7 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.311.982536123
55 1 8 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.312.982536125
56 1 9 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.314.982536301
57 1 10 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.315.982536303
58 1 11 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.316.982536305
59 1 12 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.317.982536307
60 1 13 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.318.982536395
61 1 14 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.319.982536397
62 1 15 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.320.982536397
63 1 16 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.321.982536397
RMAN> delete archivelog 40;
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - ---------
40 1 24 A 26-JUL-18
Name: +FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253
Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted archived log
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_24.298.982495253 RECID=40 STAMP=982496285
Deleted 1 objects
删除所有归档日志
RMAN> delete copy;
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository
specification does not match any control file copy in the repository
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_25.299.982495253 thread=1 sequence=25
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_26.300.982495253 thread=1 sequence=26
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_27.301.982495255 thread=1 sequence=27
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_28.302.982495255 thread=1 sequence=28
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_1.304.982535837 thread=1 sequence=1
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_2.305.982535837 thread=1 sequence=2
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_3.306.982535839 thread=1 sequence=3
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_4.307.982535839 thread=1 sequence=4
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_5.309.982536121 thread=1 sequence=5
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_6.310.982536123 thread=1 sequence=6
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_7.311.982536123 thread=1 sequence=7
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_8.312.982536125 thread=1 sequence=8
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_9.314.982536301 thread=1 sequence=9
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_10.315.982536303 thread=1 sequence=10
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_11.316.982536305 thread=1 sequence=11
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_12.317.982536307 thread=1 sequence=12
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_13.318.982536395 thread=1 sequence=13
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_14.319.982536397 thread=1 sequence=14
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_15.320.982536397 thread=1 sequence=15
RMAN-08138: WARNING: archived log not deleted - must create more backups
archived log file name=+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_26/thread_1_seq_16.321.982536397 thread=1 sequence=16
如果想要删除指定的备份集
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
21 Full 1.04G DISK 00:00:38 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 29 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
List of Datafiles in backup set 21
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
2 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
3 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
4 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
5 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
6 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 Full 1211099 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
22 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 30 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T111923
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 26-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1211114 Ckp time: 26-JUL-18
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
23 Incr 0 7.56M DISK 00:00:00 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 31 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T223530
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
List of Datafiles in backup set 23
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 0 Incr 1211898 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
24 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:01 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 32 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224021
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
List of Datafiles in backup set 24
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212092 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
25 Incr 2 2.30M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 33 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224422
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
List of Datafiles in backup set 25
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 2 Incr 1212301 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
26 Incr 1 6.77M DISK 00:00:02 26-JUL-18
BP Key: 34 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180726T224716
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
List of Datafiles in backup set 26
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
6 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.265.982496287
7 1 Incr 1212445 26-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/test.267.982496287
RMAN> delete noprompt backupset 23;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
31 23 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn0_tag20180726t223530_0.303.982535731 RECID=31 STAMP=982535730
Deleted 1 objects
删除所有备份
RMAN> delete noprompt backupset;
using channel ORA_DISK_1
List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
29 21 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165
30 22 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211
32 24 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021
33 25 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263
34 26 1 1 EXPIRED DISK +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndf0_tag20180726t111923_0.296.982495165 RECID=29 STAMP=982495164
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/ncsnf0_tag20180726t111923_0.297.982495211 RECID=30 STAMP=982496285
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224021_0.308.982536021 RECID=32 STAMP=982536021
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn2_tag20180726t224422_0.313.982536263 RECID=33 STAMP=982536262
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_26/nnndn1_tag20180726t224716_0.322.982536437 RECID=34 STAMP=982536436
Deleted 5 objects
复制数据库
将原库口令文件复制一份
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@RHEL6 dbs]$ ll
total 9812
-rw-rw----. 1 oracle oinstall 1544 Jul 22 13:27 hc_DBUA0.dat
-rw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 1544 Jul 27 14:27 hc_orcl.dat
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 2851 Jul 25 14:50 initdummy.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 35 Jul 22 13:34 initorcl.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle asmadmin 24 Jul 22 13:30 lkORCL
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Jul 24 18:29 orapworcl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle asmadmin 2560 Jul 25 14:59 orcl.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle asmadmin 10010624 Jul 26 23:24 snapcf_orcl.f
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle asmadmin 1536 Jul 25 15:09 spfileorcl_bak.ora
[oracle@RHEL6 dbs]$ cp orapworcl orapwaux1 [oracle@RHEL6 dbs]$ vi initaux1.oradb_name='aux1'
compatible=11.2.0.0.0
db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
sga_target=600m
db_file_name_convert='+DATA/orcl/','+DATA/aux1/'
log_file_name_convert='+DATA/orcl/','+DATA/aux1/','+FLASH/orcl/','+FLASH/aux1/'
~
~
~
~[oracle@RHEL6 dbs]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/[oracle@RHEL6 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = RHEL6)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
aux1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = RHEL6)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = aux1)
)
)
~
~在图形界面执行netmgr配置服务器端静态监听
在grid用户下重启监听
[grid@RHEL6 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-JUL-2018 16:54:23
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The command completed successfully[grid@RHEL6 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-JUL-2018 16:54:30
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 27-JUL-2018 16:54:30
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/RHEL6/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "aux1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "aux1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully在oracle用户下链接aux1数据库
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus sys/sys@aux1 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jul 27 17:02:22 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
由于还没有控制文件，这个实例只能启动到nomount状态
SYS@ aux1>startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 184553464 bytes
Database Buffers 436207616 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytesSYS@ aux1>show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string +DATA/orcl/, +DATA/aux1/
db_name string aux1
db_unique_name string aux1
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string aux1
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string +DATA/orcl/, +DATA/aux1/, +FLA
SH/orcl/, +FLASH/aux1/
service_names string aux1启动orcl数据库
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jul 27 17:06:45 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@ orcl>startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.启动RMAN进行数据库复制
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target sys/sys@orcl auxiliary sys/sys@aux1
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jul 27 17:08:08 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
connected to auxiliary database: AUX1 (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database to aux1 from active database;
Starting Duplicate Db at 27-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "create spfile from memory";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
contents of Memory Script:
{
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Script
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 188747768 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytes
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "alter system set control_files =
''+DATA/aux1/controlfile/current.269.982602549'' comment=
''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile";
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''ORCL'' comment=
''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";
sql clone "alter system set db_unique_name =
''AUX1'' comment=
''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone force nomount
backup as copy current controlfile auxiliary format '+DATA/aux1/controlfile/current.270.982602549';
sql clone "alter system set control_files =
''+DATA/aux1/controlfile/current.270.982602549'' comment=
''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
alter clone database mount;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''+DATA/aux1/controlfile/current.269.982602549'' comment= ''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''ORCL'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile
sql statement: alter system set db_unique_name = ''AUX1'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 188747768 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytes
Starting backup at 27-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=35 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f tag=TAG20180727T170911 RECID=11 STAMP=982602552
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-JUL-18
sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''+DATA/aux1/controlfile/current.270.982602549'' comment= ''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 188747768 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytes
database mounted
RMAN-05529: WARNING: DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT resulted in invalid ASM names; names changed to disk group only.
datafile 6 not processed because file is offline
datafile 7 not processed because file is offline
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for datafile 1 to
"+data";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"+data";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"+data";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"+data";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"+data";
backup as copy reuse
datafile 1 auxiliary format
"+data" datafile
2 auxiliary format
"+data" datafile
3 auxiliary format
"+data" datafile
4 auxiliary format
"+data" datafile
5 auxiliary format
"+data" ;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting backup at 27-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
output file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567 tag=TAG20180727T170926
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
output file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/system.272.982602603 tag=TAG20180727T170926
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.982496287
output file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627 tag=TAG20180727T170926
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.260.982496287
output file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643 tag=TAG20180727T170926
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.268.982496287
output file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649 tag=TAG20180727T170926
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 27-JUL-18
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
archivelog like "+FLASH/orcl/archivelog/2018_07_27/thread_1_seq_18.308.982602653" auxiliary format
"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf" ;
catalog clone archivelog "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf";
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 27-JUL-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=65 STAMP=982602652
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 27-JUL-18
cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf RECID=65 STAMP=982602654
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=982602654 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/system.272.982602603
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=982602654 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=982602654 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=982602654 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=15 STAMP=982602654 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1238469;
recover
clone database
skip forever tablespace "TEST" delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 27-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=24 device type=DISK
Executing: alter database datafile 6 offline drop
Executing: alter database datafile 7 offline drop
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 18 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch1_18_982496429.dbf thread=1 sequence=18
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 27-JUL-18
contents of Memory Script:
{
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''AUX1'' comment=
''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile";
sql clone "alter system reset db_unique_name scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Script
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 188747768 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytes
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''AUX1'' comment= ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile
sql statement: alter system reset db_unique_name scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
Fixed Size 2215944 bytes
Variable Size 188747768 bytes
Database Buffers 432013312 bytes
Redo Buffers 3350528 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "AUX1" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ( '+data', '+flash' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ( '+data', '+flash' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ( '+data', '+flash' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE
DATAFILE
'+DATA/aux1/datafile/system.272.982602603'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"+data";
switch clone tempfile all;
catalog clone datafilecopy "+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627",
"+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649",
"+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567",
"+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643";
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to +data in control file
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627 RECID=1 STAMP=982602668
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649 RECID=2 STAMP=982602668
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567 RECID=3 STAMP=982602668
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643 RECID=4 STAMP=982602668
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=982602668 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=982602668 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=982602668 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=982602668 file name=+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643
contents of Memory Script:
{
Alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
{
# drop offline and skipped tablespaces
sql clone 'drop tablespace "TEST" including contents cascade constraints';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: drop tablespace "TEST" including contents cascade constraints
Finished Duplicate Db at 27-JUL-18
RMAN> 登录aux1数据库
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus sys/sys@aux1 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Jul 27 17:12:34 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
查看数据库数据文件
SYS@ aux1>show parameter name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string +DATA/orcl/, +DATA/aux1/
db_name string AUX1
db_unique_name string AUX1
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string aux1
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string +DATA/orcl/, +DATA/aux1/, +FLA
SH/orcl/, +FLASH/aux1/
service_names string AUX1查看数据库状态
SYS@ aux1>select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00查看aux1下的数据文件
SYS@ aux1>col name for a50
SYS@ aux1>select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/aux1/datafile/system.272.982602603
+DATA/aux1/datafile/sysaux.273.982602627
+DATA/aux1/datafile/undotbs1.275.982602649
+DATA/aux1/datafile/users.271.982602567
+DATA/aux1/datafile/example.274.982602643
Elapsed: 00:00:00.06查看临时文件
SYS@ aux1>select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/aux1/tempfile/temp.279.982602673
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02查看日志文件
SYS@ aux1>col member for a50
SYS@ aux1>select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------
+DATA/aux1/onlinelog/group_3.278.982602669
+DATA/aux1/onlinelog/group_1.276.982602669
+DATA/aux1/onlinelog/group_2.277.982602669
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00恢复目录数据库
配置恢复目录数据库(catalog database)，我们暂时使用之前的AUX1数据库作为恢复目录数据库
登录aux1数据库
oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus sys/sys@aux1 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jul 28 11:42:15 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@ aux1>startup查看数据库下有哪些表空间
SYS@ aux1>select name from v$tablespace;
NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
TEMP
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
USERS
EXAMPLE
6 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02新建用户
SYS@ aux1>grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman identified by rman;
Grant succeeded.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.09登录到rman
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman catalog rman/rman@aux1
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 28 11:46:55 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to recovery catalog database创建恢复目录
RMAN> create catalog;
recovery catalog created
查看rman用户下的对象
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus rman/rman@aux1
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jul 28 11:49:26 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
RMAN@ aux1>select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
AL TABLE
AL_V VIEW
BCB TABLE
BCB_V VIEW
BCF TABLE
BCF_V VIEW
BCR TABLE
BCR_V VIEW
BDF TABLE
BDF_V VIEW
BP TABLE
BP_V VIEW
BRL TABLE
BRL_V VIEW
BS TABLE
BSF TABLE
BSF_V VIEW
BS_V VIEW
CCB TABLE
CCB_V VIEW
CCF TABLE
CCF_V VIEW
CDF TABLE
CDF_V VIEW
CFS TABLE
CFS_V VIEW
CKP TABLE
CKP_V VIEW
CONF TABLE
CONFIG TABLE
CONFIG_V VIEW
CONF_V VIEW
DB TABLE
DBINC TABLE
DBINC_V VIEW
DB_V VIEW
DF TABLE
DF_V VIEW
FB TABLE
FB_V VIEW
GRSP TABLE
GRSP_V VIEW
NODE TABLE
NODE_V VIEW
NRSP TABLE
NRSP_V VIEW
OFFR TABLE
OFFR_V VIEW
ORL TABLE
ORL_V VIEW
RCVER TABLE
RCVER_V VIEW
RC_ARCHIVED_LOG VIEW
RC_BACKUP_ARCHIVELOG_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_BACKUP_CONTROLFILE VIEW
RC_BACKUP_CONTROLFILE_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_CONTROLFILE_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_BACKUP_COPY_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_COPY_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_BACKUP_CORRUPTION VIEW
RC_BACKUP_DATAFILE VIEW
RC_BACKUP_DATAFILE_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_DATAFILE_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_BACKUP_FILES VIEW
RC_BACKUP_PIECE VIEW
RC_BACKUP_PIECE_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_REDOLOG VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SET VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SET_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SET_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SPFILE VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SPFILE_DETAILS VIEW
RC_BACKUP_SPFILE_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_CHECKPOINT VIEW
RC_CONTROLFILE_COPY VIEW
RC_COPY_CORRUPTION VIEW
RC_DATABASE VIEW
RC_DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION VIEW
RC_DATABASE_INCARNATION VIEW
RC_DATAFILE VIEW
RC_DATAFILE_COPY VIEW
RC_LOG_HISTORY VIEW
RC_OFFLINE_RANGE VIEW
RC_PROXY_ARCHIVEDLOG VIEW
RC_PROXY_ARCHIVELOG_DETAILS VIEW
RC_PROXY_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_PROXY_CONTROLFILE VIEW
RC_PROXY_COPY_DETAILS VIEW
RC_PROXY_COPY_SUMMARY VIEW
RC_PROXY_DATAFILE VIEW
RC_REDO_LOG VIEW
RC_REDO_THREAD VIEW
RC_RESTORE_POINT VIEW
RC_RESYNC VIEW
RC_RMAN_BACKUP_JOB_DETAILS VIEW
RC_RMAN_BACKUP_SUBJOB_DETAILS VIEW
RC_RMAN_BACKUP_TYPE VIEW
RC_RMAN_CONFIGURATION VIEW
RC_RMAN_OUTPUT VIEW
RC_RMAN_STATUS VIEW
RC_SITE VIEW
RC_STORED_SCRIPT VIEW
RC_STORED_SCRIPT_LINE VIEW
RC_TABLESPACE VIEW
RC_TEMPFILE VIEW
RC_UNUSABLE_BACKUPFILE_DETAILS VIEW
RLH TABLE
RLH_V VIEW
ROUT TABLE
ROUT_V VIEW
RR TABLE
RR_V VIEW
RSR TABLE
RSR_V VIEW
RT TABLE
RT_V VIEW
SCR TABLE
SCRL TABLE
SCRL_V VIEW
SCR_V VIEW
SITE_DFATT TABLE
SITE_DFATT_V VIEW
SITE_TFATT TABLE
SITE_TFATT_V VIEW
TEMPRES TABLE
TF TABLE
TF_V VIEW
TS TABLE
TSATT TABLE
TSATT_V VIEW
TS_V VIEW
VPC_DATABASES TABLE
VPC_DATABASES_V VIEW
VPC_USERS TABLE
VPC_USERS_V VIEW
XAL TABLE
XAL_V VIEW
XCF TABLE
XCF_V VIEW
XDF TABLE
XDF_V VIEW
142 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02这些对象将来就能够保存目标库的备份信息，退出rman
用rman同时连接目标库和恢复目录数据库
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target sys/sys@orcl catalog rman/rman@aux1
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 28 11:52:07 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN> 在第一次使用恢复目录的时候需要把目标库的信息注册到恢复目录，否则在恢复目录数据库中是没有库的
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ sqlplus rman/rman@aux1
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jul 28 11:53:58 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
RMAN@ aux1>select * from db;
no rows selected
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
RMAN@ aux1>select * from node;
no rows selected
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01注册数据库
RMAN> register database;
database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
再次查看恢复目录数据库中的信息
RMAN@ aux1>select * from db;
DB_KEY DB_ID CURR_DBINC_KEY
---------- ---------- --------------
2 1509938286 4
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01SQL> select * from node;
DB_UNIQUE_NAME DB_KEY HIGH_CONF_RECID FORCE_RESYNC2CF HIGH_ROUT_STAMP INST_STARTUP_STAMP DATABASE_ROLE SITE_KEY LAST_KCCDIVTS HIGH_IC_RECID CF_CREATE_TIME DBINC_KEY CKP_SCN FULL_CKP_CF_SEQ JOB_CKP_CF_SEQ HIGH_TS_RECID HIGH_DF_RECID HIGH_RT_RECID HIGH_ORL_RECID HIGH_OFFR_RECID HIGH_RLH_RECID HIGH_AL_RECID HIGH_BS_RECID HIGH_BP_RECID HIGH_BDF_RECID HIGH_CDF_RECID HIGH_BRL_RECID HIGH_BCB_RECID HIGH_CCB_RECID HIGH_DO_RECID HIGH_PC_RECID HIGH_BSF_RECID HIGH_RSR_RECID HIGH_TF_RECID HIGH_GRSP_RECID HIGH_NRSP_RECID HIGH_BCR_RECID LOW_BCR_RECID BCR_IN_USE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ------------------ ------------- ---------- ------------- ------------- -------------- ---------- ---------- --------------- -------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- --------------- -------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- ------------- ----------
ORCL 2 29 NO 982670141 982669034 PRIMARY 6 982496236 4 2018/7/26 11:3 4 1239624 2459 0 7 84 0 21 1 66 65 0 34 0 11 0 0 0 132 0 0 139 2 0 0 0 0 YES
有了恢复目录数据库，在用rman恢复控制文件和参数文件时就不用手工指定文件备份片的位置了
我们先备份一下1号文件
RMAN> backup datafile 1;
Starting backup at 28-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=34 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/nnndf0_tag20180728t120418_0.297.982670659 tag=TAG20180728T120418 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/ncsnf0_tag20180728t120418_0.296.982670685 tag=TAG20180728T120418 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 28-JUL-18
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
192 Full 596.77M DISK 00:00:24 28-JUL-18
BP Key: 195 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180728T120418
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/nnndf0_tag20180728t120418_0.297.982670659
List of Datafiles in backup set 192
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1240221 28-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
193 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:01 28-JUL-18
BP Key: 196 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180728T120418
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/ncsnf0_tag20180728t120418_0.296.982670685
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 28-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1240228 Ckp time: 28-JUL-18
现在我们将目标库关掉
SYS@ orcl>shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.启动数据库到nomount状态下
SYS@ orcl>startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes
Fixed Size 2217464 bytes
Variable Size 528484872 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 2637824 bytes重新登录rman
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target sys/sys@orcl catalog rman/rman@aux1
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 28 12:06:25 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN> 我们查看备份信息
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
192 Full 596.77M DISK 00:00:24 28-JUL-18
BP Key: 195 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180728T120418
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/nnndf0_tag20180728t120418_0.297.982670659
List of Datafiles in backup set 192
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1240221 28-JUL-18 +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.262.982496287
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
193 Full 9.61M DISK 00:00:01 28-JUL-18
BP Key: 196 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20180728T120418
Piece Name: +FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/ncsnf0_tag20180728t120418_0.296.982670685
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 28-JUL-18
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1240228 Ckp time: 28-JUL-18
使用恢复目录数据库也可以创建恢复脚本
先启动目标数据库
SYS@ orcl>alter database mount;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:04.32
SYS@ orcl>alter database open;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.89重新登录rman
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@RHEL6 ~]$ rman target sys/sys@orcl catalog rman/rman@aux1
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 28 12:11:12 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1509938286)
connected to recovery catalog database
创建脚本
RMAN> create script b0{backup incremental level 0 tablespace users;}
created script b0调用脚本
RMAN> run {execute script b0;}
executing script: b0
Starting backup at 28-JUL-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=35 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.263.982496287
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 28-JUL-18
piece handle=+FLASH/orcl/backupset/2018_07_28/nnndn0_tag20180728t121320_0.303.982671201 tag=TAG20180728T121320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 28-JUL-18
查看脚本
RMAN> print script b0;
printing stored script: b0
{backup incremental level 0 tablespace users;}
查看所有创建过的脚本
RMAN@ aux1>col script_name for a20
RMAN@ aux1>col script_comment for a10
RMAN@ aux1>select * from rc_stored_script;
DB_KEY DB_NAME SCRIPT_NAME SCRIPT_COM
---------- -------- -------------------- ----------
2 ORCL b0
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00或者
RMAN> list script names;
List of Stored Scripts in Recovery Catalog
Scripts of Target Database ORCL
Script Name
Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
b0
删除脚本
RMAN> delete script b0;
deleted script: b0