本篇
1.安装并配置MySQL5.5
1）安装
下载依赖：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel bison cmake
预编译环境：
MySQL5.5之后换成了CMake
查看选项为cmake -LH
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1
#cmake
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ （安装根目录）
#-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ （UNIX socket文件）
#-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ （默认字符集）
#-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ （默认编码）
#-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=utf8,gbk,all \ （额外的编码）
#-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \（启用PERFSCHEMA引擎支持）
#-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ （启用FEDERATED引擎支持）
# -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ （启用PARTITION引擎支持）
#-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ （启用ARCHIVE引擎支持）
#-DWITH_READLINE=1 \（使用readline功能）
#-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ （数据库数据目录）
#-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 （TCP/IP端口）
**mysql常用参数**
# -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ #安装路径
# -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ #数据文件存放位置
# -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ #my.cnf路径
# -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持MyIASM引擎
# -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持InnoDB引擎
# -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持Memory引擎
# -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ #快捷键功能(我没用过)
# -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \ #连接数据库socket路径
# -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ #端口
# -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据
# -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装支持数据库分区
# -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #安装所有的字符集
# -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #默认字符 make
make install
2)配置MySQL（使用二进制包胡从这一步开始就行）
1.新增mysql用户（用户无需登录Linux系统同，无需家目录）
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M
2.初始化MySQL
进入mysql安装目录，并执行mysql_install_db,更改权限
cd /usr/local/mysql
./script/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
3.配置服务,更改密码
修改my.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf #根据实际情况吧，也可以用别的模版
在my.cnf的[client]和[mysqld]分别加上default-character-set=utf8和character_set_server=utf8
# Example MySQL config file for small systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon
# doesn't use much resources.
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16K
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 4
sort_buffer_size = 64K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
net_buffer_length = 2K
thread_stack = 128K
character_set_server=utf8
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
server-id = 1
# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed
# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
复制MySQL的服务启动文件
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/mysqld
启动MySQL
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
修改mysql的密码
mysqladmin -uroot flush-priviledges password "你的密码"
登录测试
mysql -uroot -p