11.18 Apache用户认证
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com";
ServerName111.com
ServerAlias www.example.com
<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com> //指定认证的目录
AllowOverride AuthConfig //这个相当于打开认证的开关
AuthName "111.com user auth" //自定义认证的名字,作用不大
AuthType Basic //认证的类型,一般为Basic
AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd //指定密码文件所在位置
require valid-user //指定需要认证的用户为全部可用用户
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/htpasswd -c -m /data/.htpasswd -c nan
(注:htpasswd命令是Apache的Web服务器内置工具,用于创建和更新储存用户名、域和用户基本认证的密码文件。)
cat /data/.htpasswd
重新加载配置-t , graceful
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
windows绑定hosts,浏览器测试
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com //状态码为401
curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -unan:123123 111.com //状态码为200
还可以针对单个文件进行认证
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName 111.com
<FilesMatch 123.php>
AllowOverride AuthConfig
AuthName "111.com user auth"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
require valid-user
</FilesMatch>
</VirtualHost>
把<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>注释掉 加上<FilesMatch 123.php>
重新加载配置-t , graceful
vim /data/wwwroot/111.com/123.php
<?php
echo "123.php";
?>
curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com
curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com/123.php
11.19/11.20 域名跳转
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
注释掉<Directory>模块
添加以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot “/data/wwwroot/111.com”
ServerName 111.com
ServerAlias www.example.com2111.com.cn
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> //需要mod_rewrite模块支持
RewriteEngine on //打开rewrite功能
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
#定义rewrite的条件,主机名(域名)不是www.123.com满足条件
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
#定义rewrite规则,当满足上面的条件时,这条规则才会执行
</IfModule>
</VirtualHost>
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M|grep -i rewrite
//若无该模块,需要编辑配置文件httpd.conf,删除rewrite_module (shared) 前面的#
vi /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf 搜rewrite 删除前面的#
改完配置文件,先检测-t ,再加载graceful
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 111.com //状态码为301 (301永久重定向,302临时)
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/123.php -I
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.example.com
C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc hosts 记得配置
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com/123.php -I
11.21 Apache访问日志
访问日志记录用户的每一个请求
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf //搜索LogFormat
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
把虚拟主机配置文件改成如下:把common改成combined
combined 可以显示更多的信息
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>
重新加载配置文件 -t,graceful
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 111.com/123.php
tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
扩展
apache虚拟主机开启php的短标签 http://ask.apelearn.com/question/5370