- 1. 下载Mysql安装包
- 2. 卸载阿里镜像自带的MariaDB数据库
- 3. 解压安装下载的Mysql数据库
- *4. 环境配置
1.下载MySQL安装包
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ 官方网址，根据自己需求下载对应版本
这里以该版本mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar为例。下载完成后，上传到服务器。
2.卸载阿里镜像自带的MariaDB数据库
阿里云的CentOS7已经默认安装MariaDB，并且yum服务器上也移除了MySQL相关的软件包。所以MariaDB和MySQL可能会冲突，所以想安装mysql先卸载MariaDB。
命令如下：
[root@aliyun /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@aliyun /]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
注意版本号与自己rpm -qa 查询出来的应一致。
3.解压安装下载的Mysql数据库
首先进入你存放MySQL的tar压缩包的文件夹，例如我的就是/usr/local/mysoft/mysql下
然后执行解压缩命令tar -xvf +”你下载的MySQL版本号”，一般直接用Tab键自动补全；解压完文件列表如下：
[root@aliyun mysoft]# cd mysql
[root@aliyun mysql]# ll
total 584508
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 25253600 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 280860 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 3806132 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 46741768 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 24079120 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 130014800 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 2256452 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 2116280 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 55898240 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 173011196 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 15279108 Jun 11 11:21 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 119773428 Jun 11 11:22 mysql-community-test-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm接下来执行安装步骤，注意顺序，rpm彼此之间有依赖顺序
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
注意上面这步如果没有成功，并提示下面错误：
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64
说明缺少依赖，yum安装一下就好。
[root@aliyun mysql]# yum install libaio
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base
epel
extras
updates
.........................
不重要的省略
.........................
Total download size: 24 k
Installed size: 38 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
..............
Installed:
libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7
Complete! 出现Complete表示成功，重新执行上一步安装步骤即可。
最后一步：
[root@aliyun mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%]
至此，数据库安装结束，只需要做一些配置就可以远程连接并访问。
4 环境配置
初始化，以为我是root权限下安装的，所以我需要给他指定一个mysql名字，通过mysql以后来启动他，当然你也可以不加
[root@aliyun mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql–initialize 选项默认以“安全”模式来初始化，则会为 root 用户生成一个密码并将该密码标记为过期，登陆后你需要设置一个新的密码.并且MySQL5.7之后安装时都会先生成一个随机密码，用户通过这个随机密码登陆到MySQL后需要手动设置新密码，不然无法使用
查看随机密码
[root@zshuai mysql]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-20T07:41:33.792409Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see
2018-08-20T07:41:34.847754Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-08-20T07:41:34.965166Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-08-20T07:41:35.028625Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generati
2018-08-20T07:41:35.030883Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-08-20T07:41:35.031929Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rwgIn=gha3i2 ---> 这就是那个随机密码位置。记住
2018-08-20T07:42:06.800658Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see
2018-08-20T07:42:06.802457Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.23) starting as process 23831 ...
2018-08-20T07:42:06.806443Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
2018-08-20T07:42:06.806470Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-08-20T07:42:06.806475Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
设置开机启动并查看是否成功
[root@aliyun mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@aliyun mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@aliyun mysql]# systemctl is-enabled mysqld
enabled
然后登陆MySQL并修改密码，设置远程登陆
[root@zshuai mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23
修改密码，这里我将密码设置成123456
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
设置远程登陆的账号以及密码，这里我设置的远程登陆名字是test，密码是test123.
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test' @'%' identified by 'test123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
至此，结束。你可以使用数据库连接工具连接你的阿里云的数据库了，如果连接不上，考虑防火墙问题，比如端口号是否打开，注意阿里云的端口号不仅需要在你的云主机Linux中设置，还要在阿里云的控制台里面的安全组配置。