一、准备阶段
①在Windows系统上配置Hadoop的环境变量
在path中添加%HADOOP_HOME%\bin
②修改用户名为root,确保对文件(文件夹)操作时有足够的权限
HADOOP_USER_NAME
root
③导入jar包,并且将core-site.xml和hdfs-site.xml文件放到src下
二、基于API对HDFS的常用操作
package com.hpe.wangpan.test;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockLocation;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.HdfsBlockLocation;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
/**
* 1、查看文件
* 2、创建新文件夹
* 3、上传文件
* 4、下载文件
* 5、删除文件
* 6、内部移动
* 7、内部复制
* 8、重命名
* 9、创建新的文件
* 10、写文件
* 11、读文件内容
* @author eversec
*
*/
public class TestHDFS {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//操作HDFS之前得先创建配置对象
Configuration conf = new Configuration(true);
//创建操作HDFS的对象
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//查看文件系统的内容
List list = listFileSystem(fs,"/");
//创建文件夹
// createDir(fs,"/test/abc");
//上传文件
// uploadFileToHDFS(fs,"d:/wc","/test/abc/");
//下载文件
// downLoadFileFromHDFS(fs,"/test/abc/wc","d:/");
//删除文件
// deleteFileFromHDFS(fs,"/test/abc/wc");
//重命名
// renameFile(fs,"/test/abc/wc","/test/abc/Angelababy");
//内部移动 内部复制
// innerCopyAndMoveFile(fs,conf,"/test/abc/Angelababy","/");
//创建一个新文件
// createNewFile(fs,"/test/abc/hanhong");
//写文件
// writeToHDFSFile(fs,"/test/abc/hanhong","hello world");
//追加写
// appendToHDFSFile(fs,"/test/abc/hanhong","\nhello world");
//读文件内容
// readFromHDFSFile(fs,"/test/abc/hanhong");
//获取数据的位置
// getFileLocation(fs,"/install.log");
}
//删除文件
private static void deleteFileFromHDFS(FileSystem fs, String string) throws IOException {
//创建操作HDFS的对象
Path path =new Path(string);
fs.deleteOnExit(path);
}
//获取数据的位置
private static void getFileLocation(FileSystem fs, String string) throws IOException {
FileStatus fileStatus = fs.getFileStatus(new Path(string));
long len = fileStatus.getLen();
BlockLocation[] fileBlockLocations = fs.getFileBlockLocations(fileStatus, 0, len);
String[] hosts = fileBlockLocations[0].getHosts();
for (String string2 : hosts) {
System.out.println(string2);
}
HdfsBlockLocation blockLocation = (HdfsBlockLocation)fileBlockLocations[0];
long blockId = blockLocation.getLocatedBlock().getBlock().getBlockId();
System.out.println(blockId);
}
//读文件内容
private static void readFromHDFSFile(FileSystem fs, String string) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
FSDataInputStream inputStream = fs.open(new Path(string));
FileStatus fileStatus = fs.getFileStatus(new Path(string));
long len = fileStatus.getLen();
byte[] b = new byte[(int)len];
int read = inputStream.read(b);
while(read != -1){
System.out.println(new String(b));
read = inputStream.read(b);
}
}
//向文件中追加写
private static void appendToHDFSFile(FileSystem fs, String filePath, String content) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
FSDataOutputStream append = fs.append(new Path(filePath));
append.write(content.getBytes("UTF-8"));
append.flush();
append.close();
}
//向文件中写内容
private static void writeToHDFSFile(FileSystem fs, String filePath, String content) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
FSDataOutputStream outputStream = fs.create(new Path(filePath));
outputStream.write(content.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
//创建一个新文件
private static void createNewFile(FileSystem fs, String string) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
fs.createNewFile(new Path(string));
}
//内部移动 内部复制
private static void innerCopyAndMoveFile(FileSystem fs, Configuration conf,String src, String dest) throws IOException {
Path srcPath = new Path(src);
Path destPath = new Path(dest);
//内部复制
// FileUtil.copy(srcPath.getFileSystem(conf), srcPath, destPath.getFileSystem(conf), destPath,false, conf);
//内部移动
FileUtil.copy(srcPath.getFileSystem(conf), srcPath, destPath.getFileSystem(conf), destPath,true, conf);
}
//重命名
private static void renameFile(FileSystem fs, String src, String dest) throws IOException {
Path srcPath = new Path(src);
Path destPath = new Path(dest);
fs.rename(srcPath, destPath);
}
//下载文件
private static void downLoadFileFromHDFS(FileSystem fs, String src, String dest) throws IOException {
Path srcPath = new Path(src);
Path destPath = new Path(dest);
//copyToLocal
// fs.copyToLocalFile(srcPath, destPath);
//moveToLocal
fs.copyToLocalFile(true,srcPath, destPath);
}
//上传文件
private static void uploadFileToHDFS(FileSystem fs, String src, String dest) throws IOException {
Path srcPath = new Path(src);
Path destPath = new Path(dest);
//copyFromLocal
// fs.copyFromLocalFile(srcPath, destPath);
//moveFromLocal
fs.copyFromLocalFile(true,srcPath, destPath);
}
//创建文件夹
private static void createDir(FileSystem fs, String string) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
Path path = new Path(string);
if(fs.exists(path)){
fs.delete(path, true);
}
fs.mkdirs(path);
}
//查看文件系统的内容
private static List listFileSystem(FileSystem fs, String path) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
Path ppath = new Path(path);
FileStatus[] listStatus = fs.listStatus(ppath);
for (FileStatus fileStatus : listStatus) {
System.out.println(fileStatus.getPath());
}
return null;
}
}