POI 导入导出功能，引用jar包是关键，maven依赖支持3.17版.
介绍：
首先，理解一下一个Excel的文件的组织形式，一个Excel文件对应于一个workbook(HSSFWorkbook)，一个workbook可以有多个sheet（页/表）（HSSFSheet）组成，一个sheet是由多个row（行）（HSSFRow）组成，一个row是由多个cell（单元格）（HSSFCell）组成。
1、用HSSFWorkbook打开或者创建“Excel文件对象
2、用HSSFWorkbook对象返回或者创建Sheet对象
3、用Sheet对象返回行对象，用行对象得到Cell对象
4、对Cell对象读写
maven 依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
mvc 依赖：
poi-3.7-20101029.jar
poi-3.9.jar
poi-ooxml-3.9.jar
poi-ooxml-schemas-3.9.jar
ExcelUtil.java (导入导出工能封装)
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.poi.common.usermodel.HyperlinkType;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFHyperlink;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
/**
* Created by cdw on 2018/04/19.
*
* Apache POI操作Excel对象 HSSF：操作Excel 2007之前版本(.xls)格式,生成的EXCEL不经过压缩直接导出
* XSSF：操作Excel 2007及之后版本(.xlsx)格式,内存占用高于HSSF SXSSF:从POI3.8
* beta3开始支持,基于XSSF,低内存占用,专门处理大数据量(建议)。
*
* 注意: 值得注意的是SXSSFWorkbook只能写(导出)不能读(导入)
*
* 说明: .xls格式的excel(最大行数65536行,最大列数256列) .xlsx格式的excel(最大行数1048576行,最大列数16384列)
* 这里引用的是阿里的json包，也可以自行转换成net.sf.json.JSONArray net.sf.json.JSONObject
*/
public class ExcelUtil {
private final static String Excel_2003 = ".xls"; // 2003 版本的excel
private final static String Excel_2007 = ".xlsx"; // 2007 版本的excel
public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; // 默认日期格式（类型为Date即可转换）
public static final int DEFAULT_COLUMN_WIDTH = 17; // 默认列宽
/**
* 导入Excel
*
* @param file
* 输入文件流
*/
public static List<List<Object>> importExcel(@RequestParam(value = "file", required = false) MultipartFile file)
throws Exception {
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
String xls = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf('.'));
if (Excel_2003.equals(xls) || Excel_2007.equals(xls)) {
return ExcelUtil.getImportExcel(file);
} else {
// 导入格式不正确
System.out.println("导入格式不正确：导入失败！");
}
return null;
}
/**
* 导出Excel
*
* @param titleList
* 表格头信息集合
* @param dataArray
* 数据数组
* @param os
* 文件输出流
*/
public static void exportExcel(ArrayList<LinkedHashMap> titleList, JSONArray dataArray, OutputStream os)
throws Exception {
ExcelUtil.getExportExcel(titleList, dataArray, os);
}
/**
* 导入Excel
*
* @param file
* 导入文件流对象
*/
private static List<List<Object>> getImportExcel(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
ImportExcelUtil util = new ImportExcelUtil();
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
// 将导入的Excel数据转换成list集合
List<List<Object>> excelLists = util.getBankListByExcel(inputStream, fileName);
// 获取工作模板行数据对象
// HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new POIFSFileSystem(inputStream));
// 或
// Workbook workbook = util.getWorkbook(inputStream, fileName);
//
// for (int i = 0; i < excelLists.size(); i++) { // 循环行
// List<Object> list = excelLists.get(i); // 获取行级列集合
// for (int j = 0; j < list.size(); j++) {
// System.out.println("获取" + i + "行级" + j + "列的值：" + list.get(j));
// }
// }
//
// for (List<Object> excelList : excelLists) { // 循环行
// for (Object obj : excelList) { // 循环列
// // 获取行级列的值
// }
// }
//
// for (Sheet rows : workbook) { // 循环行
// for (Row row : rows) { // 循环列
// // 获取行级列的值
// }
// }
return excelLists;
}
/**
* 导出Excel
*
* @param titleList
* 表格头信息集合
* @param dataArray
* 数据数组
* @param os
* 文件输出流
*/
private static void getExportExcel(ArrayList<LinkedHashMap> titleList, JSONArray dataArray, OutputStream os)
throws Exception {
String datePattern = DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN;
int minBytes = DEFAULT_COLUMN_WIDTH;
/**
* 声明一个工作薄
*/
SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook(1000);// 大于1000行时会把之前的行写入硬盘
workbook.setCompressTempFiles(true);
// 表头1样式
CellStyle title1Style = workbook.createCellStyle();
title1Style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);// 水平居中
title1Style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);// 垂直居中
Font titleFont = workbook.createFont();// 字体
titleFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20);
titleFont.setBold(true);
titleFont.setFontHeight((short) 700);
title1Style.setFont(titleFont);
// 表头2样式
CellStyle title2Style = workbook.createCellStyle();
title2Style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
title2Style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
title2Style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);// 上边框
title2Style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);// 右
title2Style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);// 下
title2Style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);// 左
Font title2Font = workbook.createFont();
title2Font.setUnderline((byte) 1);
title2Font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
title2Style.setFont(title2Font);
// head样式
CellStyle headerStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
headerStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
headerStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
headerStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_GREEN.index);// 设置颜色
headerStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 前景色纯色填充
headerStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
headerStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
headerStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
headerStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
Font headerFont = workbook.createFont();
headerFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
headerFont.setBold(true); // 是否加粗
headerFont.setFontHeight((short) 500); // 字体大小
headerStyle.setFont(headerFont);
// 单元格样式
CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
Font cellFont = workbook.createFont();
cellFont.setBold(false); // 是否加粗
cellFont.setFontHeight((short) 300); // 字体大小
cellStyle.setFont(cellFont);
String title1 = (String) titleList.get(0).get("title1");
String title2 = (String) titleList.get(0).get("title2");
LinkedHashMap<String, String> headMap = titleList.get(1);
/**
* 生成一个(带名称)表格
*/
SXSSFSheet sheet = (SXSSFSheet) workbook.createSheet(title1);
sheet.createFreezePane(0, 3, 0, 3);// (单独)冻结前三行
/**
* 生成head相关信息+设置每列宽度
*/
int[] colWidthArr = new int[headMap.size()];// 列宽数组
String[] headKeyArr = new String[headMap.size()];// headKey数组
String[] headValArr = new String[headMap.size()];// headVal数组
int i = 0;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headMap.entrySet()) {
headKeyArr[i] = entry.getKey();
headValArr[i] = entry.getValue();
int bytes = headKeyArr[i].getBytes().length;
colWidthArr[i] = bytes < minBytes ? minBytes : bytes;
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, colWidthArr[i] * 256);// 设置列宽
i++;
}
/**
* 遍历数据集合，产生Excel行数据，除去 title + head 数据起始行为0，赋值为3（即第四行起）
*/
int rowIndex = 0;
for (Object obj : dataArray) {
// 生成title+head信息
if (rowIndex == 0) {
SXSSFRow title1Row = (SXSSFRow) sheet.createRow(0);// title1行
title1Row.createCell(0).setCellValue(title1);
title1Row.getCell(0).setCellStyle(title1Style);
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, headMap.size() - 1));// 合并单元格
SXSSFRow title2Row = (SXSSFRow) sheet.createRow(1);// title2行
title2Row.createCell(0).setCellValue(title2);
CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
XSSFHyperlink hyperLink = (XSSFHyperlink) createHelper.createHyperlink(HyperlinkType.URL);
hyperLink.setAddress(title2);
title2Row.getCell(0).setHyperlink(hyperLink);// 添加超链接
title2Row.getCell(0).setCellStyle(title2Style);
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, 1, 0, headMap.size() - 1));// 合并单元格
SXSSFRow headerRow = (SXSSFRow) sheet.createRow(2);// head行
for (int j = 0; j < headValArr.length; j++) {
headerRow.createCell(j).setCellValue(headValArr[j]);
headerRow.getCell(j).setCellStyle(headerStyle);
}
rowIndex = 3;
}
JSONObject jo = (JSONObject) JSONObject.toJSON(obj);
// 生成数据
SXSSFRow dataRow = (SXSSFRow) sheet.createRow(rowIndex);// 创建行
for (int k = 0; k < headKeyArr.length; k++) {
SXSSFCell cell = (SXSSFCell) dataRow.createCell(k);// 创建单元格
Object o = jo.get(headKeyArr[k]);
String cellValue = "";
if (o == null) {
cellValue = "";
} else if (o instanceof Date) {
cellValue = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern).format(o);
} else if (o instanceof Float || o instanceof Double) {
cellValue = new BigDecimal(o.toString()).setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP).toString();
} else {
cellValue = o.toString();
}
cell.setCellValue(cellValue);
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
}
rowIndex++;
}
// // 另外一种导出方式
// HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("测试表");
// HSSFRow titleRow = sheet.createRow(0);
// sheet.setColumnWidth(titleRow.createCell(0).getColumnIndex(), 256 * 20);
// titleRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("名称");
// sheet.setColumnWidth(titleRow.createCell(1).getColumnIndex(), 256 * 20);
// titleRow.createCell(1).setCellValue("状态(0-已生成，1-待生成)");
// // 设置应用类型，以及编码
// response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=utf-8");
// response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "filename=" + new String("测试表.xls".getBytes("gb2312"), "iso8859-1"));
// workbook.write(output);
// output.flush();
// output.close();
try {
workbook.write(os);
os.flush();// 刷新此输出流并强制将所有缓冲的输出字节写出
os.close();// 关闭流
workbook.dispose();// 释放workbook所占用的所有windows资源
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ImportExcelUtil.java (Excel数据转换类)
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* Created by cdw on 2018/04/19.
*
* 转换类
*
* 说明: .xls格式的excel(最大行数65536行,最大列数256列) .xlsx格式的excel(最大行数1048576行,最大列数16384列)
*/
public class ImportExcelUtil {
private final static String Excel_2003 = ".xls"; //2003 版本的excel
private final static String Excel_2007 = ".xlsx"; //2007 版本的excel
/**
* @param in
* @param fileName
*
* @return
*/
public List<List<Object>> getBankListByExcel(InputStream in, String fileName) throws Exception {
List<List<Object>> list = null;
//创建Excel工作簿
Workbook work = this.getWorkbook(in, fileName);
if (work == null) {
throw new Exception("创建Excel工作簿为空！");
}
Sheet sheet = null;
Row row = null;
Cell cell = null;
list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
//遍历Excel中的所有sheet
for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);
if (sheet == null) {
continue;
}
//遍历当前sheet中的所有行
//int totalRow = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();//如果excel有格式，这种方式取值不准确
int totalRow = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j < totalRow; j++) {
row = sheet.getRow(j);
if (!isRowEmpty(row)) {
//if(row != null && !"".equals(row)) {
//获取第一个单元格的数据是否存在
Cell fristCell = row.getCell(0);
if (fristCell != null) {
//遍历所有的列
List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();
//int totalColum = row.getLastCellNum();
for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {
cell = row.getCell(y);
String callCal = this.getCellValue(cell) + "";
li.add(callCal);
}
list.add(li);
}
} else if (isRowEmpty(row)) {
continue;
}
}
}
in.close();
return list;
}
/**
* 判断行是否为空
*
* @param row
*
* @return
*/
public static boolean isRowEmpty(Row row) {
for (int c = row.getFirstCellNum(); c < row.getLastCellNum(); c++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(c);
if (cell != null && cell.getCellType() != Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK)
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 描述：根据文件后缀，自动适应上传文件的版本
*
* @param inStr,fileName
*
* @return
*
* @throws Exception
*/
public Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr, String fileName) throws Exception {
Workbook work = null;
String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
if (Excel_2003.equals(fileType)) {
work = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr);//2003 版本的excel
} else if (Excel_2007.equals(fileType)) {
work = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr);//2007 版本的excel
} else {
throw new Exception("解析文件格式有误！");
}
return work;
}
/**
* 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化
*
* @param cell
*
* @return
*/
public Object getCellValue(Cell cell) {
/*Object value = null;
DecimalFormat df1 = new DecimalFormat("0.00");//格式化number，string字符
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyy-MM-dd");//日期格式化
DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0.00");//格式化数字
if(cell !=null && !"".equals(cell)) {
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
if("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
value = df1.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}else if("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());
}else if(HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)){
Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
value = sdf.format(date);
}
else {
value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
value = "";
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return value;*/
String result = new String();
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //Excel公式
try {
result = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
result = String.valueOf(cell.getRichStringCellValue());
}
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:// 数字类型
if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {// 处理日期格式、时间格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf;
if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == HSSFDataFormat
.getBuiltinFormat("h:mm")) {
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm");
} else {// 日期
sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
}
Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
result = sdf.format(date);
} else if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == 58) {
// 处理自定义日期格式：m月d日(通过判断单元格的格式id解决，id的值是58)
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("M月d日");
double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
Date date = org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil
.getJavaDate(value);
result = sdf.format(date);
} else {
double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
CellStyle style = cell.getCellStyle();
DecimalFormat format = new DecimalFormat();
String temp = style.getDataFormatString();
// 单元格设置成常规
if (temp.equals("General")) {
format.applyPattern("#.##");
}
result = format.format(value);
}
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:// String类型
result = cell.getRichStringCellValue().toString();
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
result = "";
default:
result = "";
break;
}
return result;
}
public String getFormat(String str) {
if(str.equals("null")) {
str="";
return str;
}else{
return str;
}
}
public Integer getFormats(Integer str) {
if(str==null) {
str=0;
return str;
}else{
return str;
}
}
/**
* 获取字符串中的数字订单号、数字金额等，如从"USD 374.69"中获取到374.69、从“交易单号：123456789”获取到123456789
*
* @return
*/
public static String getFormatNumber(String str){
str = str.trim();
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("[0-9]");
int indexNum = 0;
int lenght = str.length();
String num = "";
for(int i=0;i<lenght;i++){
num += str.charAt(i);
Matcher m = p.matcher(num);
if(m.find()){
indexNum = i;
break;
}
}
String formatNumber = str.substring(indexNum,lenght);
return formatNumber;
}
}
导出功能引用方法：
// 导出
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/excelOut", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String excelOut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
// 获得输出流
OutputStream output = response.getOutputStream();
ArrayList<LinkedHashMap> titleList = new ArrayList<LinkedHashMap>();
LinkedHashMap<String, String> titleMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
// title1设置标题，key固定
titleMap.put("title1", "测试导出表");
titleMap.put("title2", "测试导出表链接");
LinkedHashMap<String, String> headMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
headMap.put("ranking", "序号");
headMap.put("posterName", "名称");
headMap.put("status", "状态");
titleList.add(titleMap);
titleList.add(headMap);
// 数据集合，下面的字段名必须和上面的map对象key或者数据实体类参数保持一致
List<JSONObject> objects = new ArrayList<JSONObject>();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("ranking", "value" + i);
result.put("posterName", "value" + i);
result.put("status", "value" + i);
objects.add(result);
}
JSONArray objectsList = JSONArray.parseArray(objects.toString());
// 设置应用类型，以及编码
response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"filename=" + new String("测试导出表.xlsx/测试导出表.xls".getBytes("gb2312"), "iso8859-1"));
ExcelUtil.exportExcel(titleList, objectsList, output);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
导入功能引用方法：
// 导入
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/excelIn", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String excelIn(@RequestParam(value = "file", required = false) MultipartFile file,
HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
List<List<Object>> lists = ExcelUtil.importExcel(file);
System.out.println("导入结果：" + lists.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
导入功能前台引用文件：
文件引用
jquery.min.js
jquery.form.js
导入功能前台处理方法：
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<title>导入导出-导入页面</title>
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.min.js?v=2.1.4"></script>
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.form.js?v=2.1.4"></script>
<script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/bootstrap.min.js?v=3.3.6"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!--导入-->
<form action="/user/excelIn" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" id="fileForm" name="fileForm">
<input type="file" id="file" name="file" accept="application/vnd.ms-excel" onchange="chooseFile(this.value)">
<input type="button" value="选择文件" class="filebtn" id="filebtn"/>
<input type="text" id="filetxt" class="filetxt" readonly>
<input type="submit" value="上传Excel" id="importbtn" class="importbtn"/>
</form>
<script>
function exportExcel() {
// 导出接口地址
window.location.href = "http://127.0.0.1:8081/user/excelIn";
}
//触发file change事件
function chooseFile(path) {
if (path) {
$('#filetxt').val(path);
} else {
$('#filetxt').attr('readonly', true);
}
}
$(function () {
$("#fileForm").ajaxForm({
beforeSubmit: function () {
// 表单数据提交之前的操作
},
success: function (obj) {
console.log("导入结果：" + obj);
},
error: function (msg) {
console.log("导入错误：" + msg);
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
示例：
导入结果：[[测试导出表], [测试导出表链接], [序号, 名称, 状态], [value0, value0, value0], [value1, value1, value1], [value2, value2, value2], [value3, value3, value3], [value4, value4, value4], [value5, value5, value5], [value6, value6, value6], [value7, value7, value7], [value8, value8, value8], [value9, value9, value9], [value10, value10, value10], [value11, value11, value11], [value12, value12, value12], [value13, value13, value13], [value14, value14, value14], [value15, value15, value15], [value16, value16, value16], [value17, value17, value17], [value18, value18, value18], [value19, value19, value19]]
导出结果：
以上就是完整的导入导出功能，支持大数据量快速导出，导入.
转载请注明出处！