import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;
public class BST <E extends Comparable<E>> {
private class Node{
public E e;
public Node left,right;
public Node(E e) {
this.e=e;
left = null;
right = null;
}
}
private Node root;
private int size;
public BST() {
root = null;
size = 0;
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size==0;
}
//添加操作
public void add(E e) {
root = add(root,e);
}
private Node add(Node node,E e) {
if(node==null) {
size++;
return new Node(e);
}
if(e.compareTo(node.e) < 0)
node.left = add(node.left,e);
else if(e.compareTo(node.e)>0)
node.right = add(node.right,e);
return node;
}
//看BST中是否包含元素e
public boolean contains(E e) {
return contains(root,e);
}
//看以node为根的BST中是否包含元素e,递归算法
private boolean contains(Node node,E e) {
if(node==null) {
return false;
}
if(e.compareTo(node.e)==0) {
return true;
}else if(e.compareTo(node.e)<0) {
return contains(node.left,e);
}else {
return contains(node.right,e);
}
}
//前序遍历 递归实现
public void preOrder() {
preOrder(root);
}
private void preOrder(Node node) {
if(node == null)
return;
System.out.println(node.e); //先访问节点
preOrder(node.left);
preOrder(node.right);
}
//中序遍历 按照从小到大的顺序(排序树)
public void inOrder() {
inOrder(root);
}
private void inOrder(Node node) {
if(node == null) {
return;
}
inOrder(node.left);
System.out.println(node.e); //先访问节点
inOrder(node.right);
}
//后序遍历
//应用之一是为BST释放内存,先释放子节点
public void postOrder() {
postOrder(root);
}
private void postOrder(Node node) {
if(node == null) {
return;
}
postOrder(node.left);
postOrder(node.right);
System.out.println(node.e); //最后访问节点
}
//层序遍历(广度优先遍历) 用队列来实现
public void levelOrder() {
Queue<Node> q = new LinkedList<>();
q.add(root);
//让节点出队,同时让节点的子节点入队
while(!q.isEmpty()) {
Node cur = q.remove();
System.out.println(cur.e);
if(cur.left != null)
q.add(cur.left);
if(cur.right != null)
q.add(cur.right);
}
}
//寻找二分搜索树的最小元素
public E minimum() {
if(size==0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("BST is Empty!");
return minimum(root).e;
}
private Node minimum(Node node) {
if(node.left==null)
return node;
return minimum(node.left);
}
//删除BST中的最小元素
public E removeMin() {
E ret = minimum();
root = removeMin(root);
return ret;
}
private Node removeMin(Node node) {
if(node.left == null) {
Node rightNode=node.right;
node.right = null;
size --;
return rightNode;
}
node.left = removeMin(node.left);
return node;
}
//从二分搜索树中删除元素e的节点
public void remove(E e) {
root = remove(root,e);
}
private Node remove(Node node,E e) {
if(node==null)
return null;
if(e.compareTo(node.e) < 0) {
node.left = remove(node.left,e);
return node;
}else if(e.compareTo(node.e) > 0) {
node.right = remove(node.right, e);
return node;
}else {
//待删除节点左子树为空的情况
if(node.left == null) {
Node rightNode = node.right;
node.right = null;
size--;
return rightNode;
}
//待删除节点右子树为空的情况
if(node.right == null) {
Node leftNode = node.left;
node.left = null;
size--;
return leftNode;
}
//待删除节点左右子树均不为空的情况
//找到比待删除节点大的最小节点,即待删除节点右子树的最小节点
//用这个节点顶替待删除节点的位置
Node successor = minimum(node.right);
successor.right = removeMin(node.right);
successor.left = node.left;
node.left = node.right = null;
return successor;
}
}
//以前序遍历实现打印BST
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
generateBSTString(root,0,res);
return res.toString();
}
//生成以node为根节点,深度为depth的描述二叉树的字符串
private void generateBSTString(Node node,int depth,StringBuilder res) {
if(node == null) {
res.append(generateDepthString(depth)+"null\n");
return;
}
res.append(generateDepthString(depth)+node.e+"\n");
generateBSTString(node.left, depth+1, res);
generateBSTString(node.right, depth+1, res);
}
//代表深度的符号
private String generateDepthString(int depth) {
StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0;i<depth;i++) {
res.append("-");
}
return res.toString();
}
}
基础数据结构与算法实现(2)—二叉搜索树BST
猜你喜欢
转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_41993767/article/details/83478755
今日推荐
周排行