Apache Shiro 认证+授权（一）

1、核心依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
        </dependency>

2、认证流程：创建SecurityManager-->主体提交认证-->SecurityMananger认证-->Authentictor认证-->Realm验证（从subject.login(token)开始跟踪源码可以验证（idea下ctrl+alt+b跟踪源码）），单元测试代码如下：

package com.example.demo_mg;

import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.SimpleAccountRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class DemoMgApplicationTests {

    SimpleAccountRealm simpleAccountRealm = new SimpleAccountRealm();

    @Before
    public void before() {
        simpleAccountRealm.addAccount("wzs", "123456");
    }

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        //构建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(simpleAccountRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("wzs", "123456");
        subject.login(token);
        Assert.assertEquals(subject.isAuthenticated(), true);
        subject.logout();
        Assert.assertEquals(subject.isAuthenticated(), true);
    }
}

账号错误UnknownAccountException，密码错误IncorrectCredentialsException。

从subject.login(token);点击ctrl+alt+b跟踪源码到DelegatingSubject的login方法，调用Subject subject = this.securityManager.login(this, token);，继续跟踪到DefaultSecurityManager的login方法，调用info = this.authenticate(token);，继续跟踪到AuthenticatingSecurityManager的authenticate方法，调用this.authenticator.authenticate(token);，继续跟踪到AbstractAuthenticator的authenticate方法，调用info = this.doAuthenticate(token);，继续跟踪到ModularRealmAuthenticator的doAuthenticate方法，可以看到如下认证代码，通过realm实现认证：

    protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        this.assertRealmsConfigured();
        Collection<Realm> realms = this.getRealms();
        return realms.size() == 1 ? this.doSingleRealmAuthentication((Realm)realms.iterator().next(), authenticationToken) : this.doMultiRealmAuthentication(realms, authenticationToken);
    }

3、授权流程：创建SecurityManager-->主体授权-->SecurityManager授权-->Authorizer授权-->Realm获取角色权限数据（数据库|缓存等）：

package com.example.demo_mg;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.SimpleAccountRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class DemoMgApplicationTests {

    SimpleAccountRealm simpleAccountRealm = new SimpleAccountRealm();

    @Before
    public void before() {
        simpleAccountRealm.addAccount("wzs", "123456", "admin", "user");
    }

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        //构建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(simpleAccountRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("wzs", "123456");
        subject.login(token);
        //授权
        subject.checkRole("admin");
        subject.checkRoles("admin", "user");
        subject.logout();
    }
}

角色不存在UnauthorizedException

从subject.checkRoles("admin", "user");点击ctrl+alt+b跟踪源码到DelegatingSubject的checkRoles方法，调用this.securityManager.checkRoles(this.getPrincipals(), roleIdentifiers);，继续跟踪到AuthorizingSecurityManager的checkRoles方法，调用this.authorizer.checkRoles(principals, roles);，继续跟踪到ModularRealmAuthorizer的checkRoles方法，遍历roles调用this.checkRole(principals, role);，继续跟踪到checkRole方法，调用this.hasRole(principals, role)，继续跟踪到hasRole方法，可见如下代码，通过realm授权：

    public boolean hasRole(PrincipalCollection principals, String roleIdentifier) {
        this.assertRealmsConfigured();
        Iterator var3 = this.getRealms().iterator();

        Realm realm;
        do {
            if (!var3.hasNext()) {
                return false;
            }

            realm = (Realm)var3.next();
        } while(!(realm instanceof Authorizer) || !((Authorizer)realm).hasRole(principals, roleIdentifier));

        return true;
    }

4、测试内置的IniRealm：
在src/test下新建Direcotry，名称resources，右键Mark Direcotry As-->Test Sources Root，在下面新建user.ini文件，内容：

[users]
wzs=123456,admin
[roles]
admin=user:delete,user:update

单元测试代码：

package com.example.demo_mg;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class DemoMgApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:user.ini");
        //构建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("wzs", "123456");
        subject.login(token);
        //授权
        subject.checkRole("admin");
        subject.checkPermissions("user:delete", "user:update");
        subject.checkPermission("user:insert");
        subject.logout();
    }
}

权限不存在UnauthorizedException