##只做流程熟悉参考，安装过程太耗时间！！！
一、系统环境准备1、系统信息
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
2、关闭防火墙
vim /etc/selinux/config 将SELINUX的值改为如下：
SELINUX=disabled
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
注：此处是测试环境，在生产环境中，按需开启对应应用端口，不能直接关闭防火墙！！
3、配置地址信息
[root@localhost src]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=ens32
DEVICE=ens32
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.16.8.5
PREFIXO=24
GATEWAY=172.16.8.1
DNS1=202.96.134.133
DNS2=119.29.29.29
4、更改主机名称
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hostname #将默认的 localhost.localdomain 更改为需要的主机名称
5、更新yum源
a、备份
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
b、下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS 7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
c、之后运行yum makecache生成缓存
注：可直接使用官方的yum源！！！
6、重启系统
[root@localhost ~]# init 6
或者
[root@localhost ~]# reboot now
二、准备工具、软件包及编译环境
1、安装下载工具
yum install wget -y
2、安装文件传输工具
yum install -y lrzsz
3、安装编译环境
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
4、安装解压软件
yum install bzip2 -y
5、下载软件包
[root@LNMP ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@LNMP src]# wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
[root@LNMP src]# wget -c http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.16.tar.gz
[root@LNMP src]# wget -c https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.5.tar.bz2
6、解压软件包
[root@LNMP src]# for i in *.tar.gz;do tar xvf $i;done && tar -jxvf *.bz2
三、编译安装Nginx
1、创建运行账户及组
[root@LNMP ~]# groupadd -r nginx && useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/nginx -M nginx
2、进入解压目录
[root@LNMP ~]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.0
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# pwd
/usr/local/src/nginx-1.16.0
3、安装依赖包
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel
4、编译安装
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-stream --with-stream=dynamic
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# make -j 4 && make install
或
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# make -j `grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l` && make install
5、查看版本
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.16.0
6、修改配置文件
#备份配置文件：
[root@LNMP nginx-1.16.0]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.back
#将 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容：
-----------------------------------------------------------
user nginx nginx;
#定义启动nginx的用户
worker_processes 2;
#定义子进程数量，设置值和CPU核心数一致
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
#nginx最多可打开的文件数量
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' ' $host "$request_uri" $status' ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server_tokens off;
#配置隐藏版本号
include vhost/*.conf;
#配置支持虚拟主机
}
-----------------------------------------------------------
7、创建虚拟主机配置
#创建虚拟主机文件夹：
[root@localhost nginx-1.16.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@LNMP conf]# mkdir vhost
[root@LNMP conf]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/conf
#创建serve主机配置文件（此配置文件也可添加在nginx的配置文件中）：
[root@LNMP conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/default.conf
-----------------------------------------------------------
server
{
listen 80;
#监听端口
server_name localhost;
#域名
index index.html index.htm index.php;
#index.php配置解析php
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
#站点目录
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
-----------------------------------------------------------
8、配置启动脚本
#创建启动脚本
[root@LNMP ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
-----------------------------------------------------------
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
-----------------------------------------------------------
#配置脚本权限及开机启动
[root@LNMP ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@LNMP ~]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@LNMP ~]# chkconfig nginx on
9、检查配置文件正确性
[root@LNMP ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
10、启动nginx
[root@LNMP ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@LNMP ~]# ps aux|grep nginx
root 27232 0.0 0.0 45964 1156 ? Ss 08:52 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx 27233 0.0 0.2 48500 4040 ? S 08:52 0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx 27234 0.0 0.2 48500 4284 ? S 08:52 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 27236 0.0 0.0 112712 964 pts/0 S+ 08:54 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
11、访问站点
12、Nginx其他命令
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx
四、编译安装Mysql
注：由于8.x版本的Mysql编译安装对编译器版本有要求，另不再支持make，而需要使用cmake编译。
1、创建运行账户及组
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# useradd -r -U mysql -M -d /usr/local/mysql/data
-U ：创建一组具有相同名称的用户并将用户添加到这个组
-r：创建系统用户
-M：不创建用户的家目录
-d：指定用户的始启动目录
2、安装scl源
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# yum install centos-release-scl scl-utils-build -y
#编译安装需高版本gcc gcc-c++（高于5.3版本）
3、安装gcc
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# yum install devtoolset-8-gcc.x86_64 devtoolset-8-gcc-c++.x86_64 devtoolset-8-gcc-gdb-plugin.x86_64 -y
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# source /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/enable
#将此版本信息写入环境变量中（当前用户生效）
4、安装cmake3
#下载安装包
[root@LNMP src]# wget -c https://cmake.org/files/v3.6/cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
#解压编译安装
[root@LNMP src]# tar xvf cmake-3.6.2.tar.gz
[root@LNMP src]# cd cmake-3.6.2
[root@LNMP cmake-3.6.2]# ./bootstrap
#默认安装在/usr/local
[root@LNMP cmake-3.6.2]# make
[root@LNMP cmake-3.6.2]# make install
5、安装依赖包
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# yum install ncurses-devel openssl-devel git -y
6、编译安装
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]#cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/etc -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=0 -DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/mysql -DWITH_SSL=system -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
注释：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
#安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
#数据目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/etc
#系统文件目录
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
#是否开启debug调试支持，默认禁用（禁用0 开启1）
-DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1
#是否生成memcached共享库，默认禁用
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
#是否将存储引擎PARTITION静态编译到服务器中
-DENABLED_PROFILING=0
#是否启用查询分析代码，默认ON
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1
#是否强制执行源内构建，默认OFF
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1
#是否要下载Boost库，默认OFF
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/mysql
#Boost库源的位置
-DWITH_SSL=system
#ssl支持类型，默认是系统自带
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# make -j 4 && make install
或者
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# make -j `grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l` && make install
7、初始化
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]#cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@LNMP mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
注：初始化会生产mysql登录的默认密码！！
2019-11-21T03:14:15.514248Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2019-11-21T03:14:15.515026Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server in progress as process 13963
2019-11-21T03:14:21.930205Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: %wlwtEaGa8_a
2019-11-21T03:14:24.402763Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server has completed
8、配置启动脚本
#拷贝启动脚本文件
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#修改配置
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#授权
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
#添加设置开机启动项
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# chkconfig mysqld on
9、创建日志存放文件
#创建日志文件
[root@LNMP mysql-8.0.16]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@LNMP mysql]# mkdir log
[root@LNMP mysql]# touch ./log/mysql_error.log
#设置权限
[root@LNMP local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
10、修改配置文件
[root@LNMP mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#修改路径
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql_error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql.pid
11、配置环境变量
[root@LNMP mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
12、启动
[root@LNMP log]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!
13、更改root密码
[root@LNMP ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
#连接登录mysql，这里的密码是mysql初始化时生成的哪个密码。
#更改密码为1qaz2wsx
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by '1qaz2wsx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
#刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
五、编译安装PHP
1、创建Nginx运行账户及组
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# groupadd -r php7 && useradd -r -g php7 -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/nginx -M php7
2、安装依赖
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# yum install libxml2-devel libxml2 libcurl-devel libpng libpng-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel freetype-devel -y
3、编译安装
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php7 --with-fpm-group=php7 --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --enable-soap --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --enable-sockets --with-gettext
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# make -j 4 && make install
或者
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# make -j `grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l` && make install
4、拷贝php配置文件
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
5、拷贝php-fpm服务并授执行权限
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# chkconfig php-fpm on
6、配置php-fpm进程配置文件和扩展配置文件
#默认拷贝对应文件即可，有需求可安装要求更改配置文件
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp sapi/fpm/www.conf /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#以下为简单需求配置文件更改
-----------------------------------------------------------
#php-fpm进程配置
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
#修改配置文件
[root@LNMP etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
#模块[global]定义pid及log文件路径，去掉注释;
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php7/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log
#扩展文件配置
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# cp sapi/fpm/www.conf /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#修改[www]池相关配置参数，可用默认
user = php7
group = php7
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 # 或者指定php-fcgi.sock文件路径
listen.mode = 0660
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
-----------------------------------------------------------
7、配置环境变量
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# vim /etc/profile
#文末添加
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php7/bin
export PATH
#生效
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# source /etc/profile
8、查看php版本
[root@LNMP php-7.3.5]# php -v
PHP 7.3.5 (cli) (built: Nov 24 2019 09:04:14) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.5, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
9、启动php-fpm
[root@LNMP php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@LNMP php-fpm.d]# ps -aux|grep php
root 11375 0.0 0.3 219928 6472 ? Ss 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php7 11376 0.0 0.2 219928 5928 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11377 0.0 0.2 219928 5928 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11378 0.0 0.2 219928 5928 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11379 0.0 0.2 219928 5928 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11380 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11381 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11382 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11383 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11384 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11385 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11386 0.0 0.2 219928 5932 ? S 10:39 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
六、Nginx配置支持PHP
[root@LNMP php-fpm.d]#cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
[root@LNMP vhost]# vim default.conf
#配置如下
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
七、编译php探测文件
[root@LNMP vhost]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@LNMP html]# vim index.php
#内容如下
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
八、验证
#重启PHP
[root@LNMP html]# service php-fpm stop
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
[root@LNMP html]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?
Starting php-fpm done
[root@LNMP html]# ps -ef|grep php
root 11496 1 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php7 11497 11496 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11498 11496 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11499 11496 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11500 11496 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
php7 11501 11496 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
#重载nginx
[root@LNMP html]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
#访问结果
http://172.16.8.5/index.php
