RabbitMQ（五）用Spring玩一下RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ（五）用Spring玩一下RabbitMQ

• 五种消息模型，在企业中应用最广泛的就是最后一种：定向匹配topic
• Spring AMQP 是基于 Spring 框架的AMQP消息解决方案，提供模板化的发送和接收消息的抽象层，提供基于消息驱动的 POJO的消息监听等，简化了我们对于RabbitMQ相关程序的开发。

生产端工程

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.25</version>
        <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.9</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">

    <!--配置RabbitMQ连接-->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="IP" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin" virtual-host="/szx"></rabbit:connection-factory>

    <!--配置队列-->
    <rabbit:queue name="test_spring_queue_1"></rabbit:queue>

    <!--配置RabbitMQAdmin,主要用于在Java代码中对队列的管理,用来创建,绑定,删除队列与交换机,发送消息等操作-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"></rabbit:admin>

    <!--配置路由,topic类型-->
    <rabbit:topic-exchange name="spring_topic_exchange">
        <!--绑定队列-->
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="msg.#" queue="test_spring_queue_1"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--配置json转换工具,将消息转换为json-->
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter"></bean>

    <!--配置RabbitMQ的模板-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="spring_topic_exchange" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"></rabbit:template>


</beans>

发消息

public class Sender {
    
    

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        //获取spring的配置文件
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml");
        //与容器中获取RabbitMQ模板类
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);
        //发送消息
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        map.put("name","小星");
        map.put("email","[email protected]");
        /**
         * String routingKey: 指定路由键
         * Object object: 发送的数据
         */
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("msg.user",map);
        context.close();
    }

}

消费端工程

依赖与生产者一致

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xmlns:rab="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">

    <!--配置RabbitMQ连接-->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="106.75.245.83" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin" virtual-host="/szx"></rabbit:connection-factory>

    <!--配置队列-->
    <rabbit:queue name="test_spring_queue_1"></rabbit:queue>

    <!--配置RabbitMQAdmin,主要用于在Java代码中对队列的管理,用来创建,绑定,删除队列与交换机,发送消息等操作-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"></rabbit:admin>

    <!--配置扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.szx.listener"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置监听-->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
        <!--应用注入到容器中的监听类-->
        <rabbit:listener ref="consumerListener" queues="test_spring_queue_1"></rabbit:listener>
    </rabbit:listener-container>

</beans>

消费者

• MessageListener接口用于spring容器接收到消息后处理消息
• 如果需要使用自己定义的类型 来实现 处理消息时，必须实现该接口，并重写onMessage()方法
• 当spring容器接收消息后，会自动交由onMessage进行处理

@Component
public class ConsumerListener implements MessageListener {
    
    

    //jackson提供序列化和反序列化中使用最多的类,用来转换json
    private static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
    
    
        try {
    
    
            //将message转换为json
            JsonNode jsonNode = MAPPER.readTree(message.getBody());
            String name = jsonNode.get("name").asText();
            String email = jsonNode.get("email").asText();
            System.out.println("从对类中获取:[" + name + "]的邮箱是: " + email);
        } catch (IOException e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

启动项目

public class TestRunner {
    
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    
        //获取spring容器
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml");
        try {
    
    
            //程序一直运行不停止
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}