材料均来自于微信公众号“每日双语经济学人"
重难点词汇：
engross [ɪn’ɡros]vt. 使全神贯注；用大字体书写；正式写成（决议等）；独占；吸引
philanthropic [,fɪlən’θrɑpɪk]adj. 博爱的；仁慈的
arrest [ə’rɛst] vt. 逮捕；阻止；吸引 n. 逮捕；监禁
swap [swɑp] n.交换；交换之物 vt. 与…交换；以…作交换 vi. 交换；交易
opaque [o’pek] adj. 不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的 n. 不透明物 vt. 使不透明；使不反光
ironclad ['aɪɚnklæd] adj. 装甲的；打不破的；坚固的 n. 装甲舰
双语原文：
经济学人 | 马云即将卸任 从阿里巴巴看中国的科技公司(上)
马云即将卸任(上)来自每日双语经济学人
(全文共419个词)
Command and control
命令与控制
China’s tech founders mostly keep an iron grip over their firms
中国科技公司的创始人大多会牢牢地掌控自己的公司
Jack Ma’s graceful exit from Alibaba is unusual
马云优雅地离开阿里巴巴非同寻常
A wry joke has been circulating on China’s internet.
在中国的互联网上流传一则反讽笑话。
The founders of the country’s three most prominent technology firms—Jack Ma of Alibaba, Pony Ma of Tencent and Robin Li of Baidu—go for a stroll.
中国最知名的三家科技公司的创始人（阿里巴巴的马云、腾讯的马化腾以及百度的李彦宏）一起去散步。
One drowns. How would their stocks react?
如果其中的一个人溺水了，他们各自公司的股票将有何反应？
If it were Mr Ma of Alibaba, its shares would fall.
如果是阿里巴巴的马云，股票将会下跌。
If it were Mr Ma of Tencent (no relation), they would remain unchanged.
如果是腾讯的马化腾（没关系），股票将没有变化。
And if it were Mr Li of Baidu, they would rise.
如果是百度的李彦宏，股票将会上涨。
The joke is one small indication of how China’s entrepreneurs-turned-billionaires, symbols of the rise of its internet, engross citizens.
这个笑话只是一个小小的迹象，它表明了标志着中国互联网兴起的企业家出身的亿万富翁们多么受公民的关注。
They publish collections of their speeches and pen books, such as “Intelligence Revolution” by Mr Li and “China At Your Fingertips” by Tencent’s Mr Ma, and their various pronouncements on how to succeed are memorialised as quotes.
他们出版的演说集和个人著作，例如李彦宏的《智能革命》、马化腾的《指尖上的中国》以及各种成功方法论被奉为圭臬。
Lately China’s corporate superstars have given social-media crowds plenty more to parse.
最近，中国的企业超级明星们给了社交媒体更多需要分析的东西。
The joke proved partially correct about Jack Ma: a report that he would abruptly retire, later clarified by the company to explain that Mr Ma would be stepping down as chairman in a year’s time, prompted a decline of 3.7% in Alibaba’s share price.
对于马云来说，这个笑话在一定程度上言中了：一份报告声称马云将突然退休，随后公司明确宣布马云将在一年后卸任董事长，这导致阿里巴巴的股价下跌了3.7％。
But mostly investors took the news in their stride.
但大多数投资者面对这个新闻都表现得很淡定。
To focus on his philanthropic foundation, he will hand over to Daniel Zhang—who lacks Mr Ma’s star quality, certainly, but who has been an adroit chief executive for Alibaba since 2015.
为了专注于慈善基金会，马云将把公司交给张勇，他虽然缺乏马云的明星气质，但他为人干练，自2015年以来，一直担任阿里巴巴的首席执行官。
All of which makes for a striking contrast with events at JD.com, Alibaba’s arch-rival in e-commerce.
所有这些都与阿里巴巴在电子商务领域的宿敌京东所遭遇的事件形成了鲜明的对比。
Early this month it emerged that Richard Liu, JD.com’s founder and boss, had been brieflyarrested in the American state of Minnesota on a rape allegation.
本月初，京东的创始人兼总裁刘强东在美国明尼苏达州因涉嫌强奸而短暂地被逮捕。
His mugshot circulated and Chinese internet users swapped information on details of America’s legal process.
网上流传着他被警方拍摄的面部照片，中国网民交流着有关美国司法程序细节的信息。
In two days of trading JD.com’s shares fell by 16%, their biggest drop since listing on America’s Nasdaq in 2014, losing $7.2bn of market value.
京东的股价在两个交易日内下跌了16%，创下了公司自2014年在美国纳斯达克上市以来的最大跌幅，损失了约72亿美元的市值。
The police investigation is ongoing (Mr Liu has denied any wrongdoing, through his lawyers).
警方仍在调查此案（刘强东通过他的律师否认有任何不当行为）。
The two events have concentrated minds on a thorny, long-standing problem in Chinese corporate governance: “key-man risk”.
这两起事件突显了中国企业管理中存在的一个棘手的、长期存在的问题：“关键人风险”。
Over-mighty technology bosses are a problem elsewhere, but in China opaque legal processes make it much worse, says Jamie Allen of the Asian Corporate Governance Association, based in Hong Kong.
来自香港的亚洲公司治理协会的艾哲明表示，其他国家也存在科技总裁过于强大的问题，但在中国，不透明的司法程序使情况变得更加严重。
China’s global champions employ control structures, built to ensure the founder’s hold isironclad, that attract criticism at home and abroad.
中国的全球企业通过控股结构来确保创始人对公司的掌控牢不可破，从而饱受国内外的诟病。