1.Sensor相关的类：Sensor，SensorManager
常用传感器类型
- TYPE_ALL——A constant describing all sensor types.
- TYPE_ACCELEROMETE
- TYPE_LINEAR_ACCELERATION
- TYPE_GRAVITY
- TYPE_GYROSCOPE
- TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD
- TYPE_ORIENTATION——已弃用
- TYPE_MOTION_DETECT——Requires API level 24 (Android 7.0, Nougat)
- TYPE_SIGNIFICANT_MOTION
- TYPE_STATIONARY_DETECT
- TYPE_STEP_COUNTER
- TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR
- TYPE_HEART_BEAT——A constant describing a motion detect sensor.Requires API level 24 (Android 7.0, Nougat)
- TYPE_HEART_RATE
- TYPE_PRESSURE
- TYPE_PROXIMITY
- TYPE_TEMPERATURE——已弃用
- TYPE_AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE
- TYPE_RELATIVE_HUMIDITY
- TYPE_LIGHT
常用传感器方法：
- getVendor()——传感器生产商
- getName()——传感器名称
- getId()——传感器ID，Requires API level 24 (Android 7.0, Nougat)
- getType()——传感器类型
- getStringType()——传感器类型
- getVersion()——传感器版本号
- getResolution()——传感器精度
- isWakeUpSensor()——Returns true if the sensor is a wake-up sensor.
Always make sure to disable sensors you don't need, especially when your activity is paused. Failing to do so can drain the battery in just a few hours.
Note that the system will not disable sensors automatically when the screen turns off.
常量值
- GRAVITY_EARTH Value——9.80665f
- STANDARD_GRAVITY——9.80665f
- PRESSURE_STANDARD_ATMOSPHERE——1013.25f(hPa)
- SENSOR_ALL——A constant that includes all sensors
- SENSOR_ACCELEROMETER
- SENSOR_MAGNETIC_FIELD——All values are in micro-Tesla (uT) and measure the ambient magnetic field in the X, Y and -Z axis.
- SENSOR_ORIENTATION
- SENSOR_ORIENTATION_RAW
- SENSOR_PROXIMITY
- SENSOR_TEMPERATURE
- SENSOR_LIGHT
- SENSOR_DELAY_FASTEST——get sensor data as fast as possible
- SENSOR_DELAY_GAME——rate suitable for games
- SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL——rate (default) suitable for screen orientation changes
- SENSOR_DELAY_UI——rate suitable for the user interface
常用方法：
- int getSensors()——return available sensors
- getSensorList(type: Int)——return a list of sensors matching the asked type：MutableList<Sensor>.
- getDefaultSensor(type: Int)——return default sensor
- getDefaultSensor(type: Int, wakeUp: Boolean)
- registerListener(listener: SensorListener, sensors: Int)——Registers a SensorListener for given sensors.
- registerListener(listener: SensorListener!, sensors: Int, rate: Int)——Registers a SensorListener for given sensors.
- registerListener(listener: SensorEventListener, sensor: Sensor, samplingPeriodUs: Int)——Registers a SensorEventListener for the given sensor at the given sampling frequency.
- unregisterListener(listener: SensorListener)——Unregisters a listener for all sensors.
- unregisterListener(listener: SensorListener, sensors: Int)——Unregisters a listener for the sensors with which it is registered.
- unregisterListener(listener: SensorEventListener!)——Unregisters a listener for all sensors.
- unregisterListener(listener: SensorEventListener!, sensor: Sensor)——Unregisters a listener for the sensors with which it is registered.
2.传感器数据处理：SensorEvent属性
- accuracy——The accuracy of this event.
- sensor——The sensor that generated this event.
- timestamp——The time in nanosecond at which the event happened.
- values——The length and contents of the values array depends on which sensor type is being monitored
Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER: All values are in SI units (m/s^2)
- values[0]: Acceleration minus Gx on the x-axis
- values[1]: Acceleration minus Gy on the y-axis
- values[2]: Acceleration minus Gz on the z-axis
Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION: All values are angles in degrees.
- values[0]: Azimuth, angle between the magnetic north direction and the y-axis, around the z-axis (0 to 359). 0=North, 90=East, 180=South, 270=West
- values[1]: Pitch, rotation around x-axis (-180 to 180), with positive values when the z-axis moves toward the y-axis.
- values[2]: Roll, rotation around the y-axis (-90 to 90) increasing as the device moves clockwise.
- Note: This definition is different from yaw, pitch and roll used in aviation where the X axis is along the long side of the plane (tail to nose).
- Note: This sensor type exists for legacy reasons, please use rotation vector sensor type and getRotationMatrix() in conjunction with remapCoordinateSystem() and getOrientation() to compute these values instead.
- Important note: For historical reasons the roll angle is positive in the clockwise direction (mathematically speaking, it should be positive in the counter-clockwise direction).
3.接口：SensorListener，SensorEventListener
以下两个方法在SensorListener中已弃用，可以在SensorEvenListener中使用
- int onAccuracyChanged(sensor: Int, accuracy: Int) This class was deprecated in API level 21.
- int onSensorChanged(sensor: Int, values: FloatArray!) This class was deprecated in API level 21.
4.列出手机所有传感器信息代码
1 package com.lee.sensor; 2 3 import android.app.Activity; 4 import android.hardware.Sensor; 5 import android.hardware.SensorManager; 6 import android.os.Bundle; 7 import android.widget.TextView; 8 9 import java.util.List; 10 11 public class ListAllSensorsActivity extends Activity { 12 @Override 13 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 14 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 15 setContentView(R.layout.activity_list_all_sensors); 16 17 // 显示传感器信息的组件 18 TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.sensors_list_tv); 19 20 // 从系统服务中获得传感器管理器 21 SensorManager sensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(SENSOR_SERVICE); 22 23 // 从传感器管理器中获得全部的传感器列表 24 List<Sensor> allSensors = sensorManager.getSensorList(Sensor.TYPE_ALL); 25 26 // 显示每个传感器的信息 27 StringBuilder sensorsInfo = new StringBuilder("手机有"+allSensors.size()+"个传感器，分别是：\n\n"); 28 for(Sensor s:allSensors){ 29 switch(s.getType()){ 30 case Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER: 31 sensorsInfo.append("加速度传感器"); 32 break; 33 case Sensor.TYPE_LINEAR_ACCELERATION: 34 sensorsInfo.append("线性加速度传感器"); 35 break; 36 case Sensor.TYPE_GRAVITY: 37 sensorsInfo.append("重力传感器"); 38 break; 39 case Sensor.TYPE_GYROSCOPE: 40 sensorsInfo.append("陀螺仪传感器"); 41 break; 42 case Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION: 43 sensorsInfo.append("方向传感器"); 44 break; 45 case Sensor.TYPE_MOTION_DETECT: 46 sensorsInfo.append("运动状态检测传感器"); 47 break; 48 case Sensor.TYPE_SIGNIFICANT_MOTION: 49 sensorsInfo.append("剧烈运动检测传感器"); 50 break; 51 case Sensor.TYPE_STATIONARY_DETECT: 52 sensorsInfo.append("静止状态检测传感器"); 53 break; 54 case Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER: 55 sensorsInfo.append("步数计数器"); 56 break; 57 case Sensor.TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR: 58 sensorsInfo.append("步伐检测器"); 59 break; 60 case Sensor.TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD: 61 sensorsInfo.append("电磁场传感器"); 62 break; 63 case Sensor.TYPE_LIGHT: 64 sensorsInfo.append("环境光线传感器"); 65 break; 66 case Sensor.TYPE_PRESSURE: 67 sensorsInfo.append("压力传感器"); 68 break; 69 case Sensor.TYPE_PROXIMITY: 70 sensorsInfo.append("距离传感器"); 71 break; 72 case Sensor.TYPE_AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE: 73 sensorsInfo.append("温度传感器"); 74 break; 75 case Sensor.TYPE_RELATIVE_HUMIDITY: 76 sensorsInfo.append("相对湿度传感器"); 77 break; 78 default: 79 sensorsInfo.append("未知传感器"); 80 break; 81 } 82 // 下面两行合并有warning 83 String curSensorInfo = "\n设备类型码："+s.getType()+"\n设备名称："+s.getName()+"\n设备版本："+s.getVersion()+"\n供应商："+s.getVendor()+"\n\n"; 84 sensorsInfo.append(curSensorInfo); 85 } 86 textView.setText(sensorsInfo); 87 } 88 }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:context=".ListAllSensorsActivity" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <TextView android:id="@+id/sensors_list_tv" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text=""/> </ScrollView>
5.测试加速度，电磁场，方向传感器代码
1 package com.lee.sensor; 2 3 import android.app.Activity; 4 import android.content.Context; 5 import android.hardware.Sensor; 6 import android.hardware.SensorEvent; 7 import android.hardware.SensorEventListener; 8 import android.hardware.SensorManager; 9 import android.os.Bundle; 10 import android.widget.TextView; 11 12 public class TestSensorActivity extends Activity implements SensorEventListener { 13 14 private SensorManager mSensorManager; 15 private TextView mTextViewAcceleration; 16 private TextView mTextViewOrientation; 17 private TextView mTextViewMagneticField; 18 @Override 19 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 20 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 21 setContentView(R.layout.activity_test_sensor); 22 23 mTextViewAcceleration = findViewById(R.id.accelerometer_tv); 24 mTextViewOrientation = findViewById(R.id.orientation_tv); 25 mTextViewMagneticField = findViewById(R.id.magnetic_field_tv); 26 27 mSensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE); // 获取SensorManager服务 28 } 29 30 @Override 31 protected void onResume() { 32 super.onResume(); 33 // 为加速度传感器注册监听器 34 mSensorManager.registerListener(TestSensorActivity.this,mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER),SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI); 35 // 为电磁场传感器注册监听器 36 mSensorManager.registerListener(TestSensorActivity.this,mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD),SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI); 37 // 为方向传感器注册监听器 38 mSensorManager.registerListener(TestSensorActivity.this,mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION),SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI); 39 } 40 41 @Override 42 protected void onStop() { 43 super.onStop(); 44 // 取消注册所有传感器 45 mSensorManager.unregisterListener(TestSensorActivity.this); 46 } 47 48 // 当传感器的值改变时回调此方法 49 @Override 50 public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) { 51 StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder(); 52 switch (event.sensor.getType()){ 53 case Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER: 54 str.append("X方向上的加速度："); 55 str.append(event.values[0]); 56 str.append("\nY方向上的加速度："); 57 str.append(event.values[1]); 58 str.append("\nZ方向上的加速度："); 59 str.append(event.values[2]); 60 mTextViewAcceleration.setText(str); 61 break; 62 case Sensor.TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD: 63 str.append("X方向上的磁感应强度："); 64 str.append(event.values[0]); 65 str.append("\nY方向上的磁感应强度："); 66 str.append(event.values[1]); 67 str.append("\nZ方向上的磁感应强度："); 68 str.append(event.values[2]); 69 mTextViewMagneticField.setText(str); 70 break; 71 case Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION: 72 str.append("绕Z轴转过的角度："); 73 str.append(event.values[0]); 74 str.append("\n绕X轴转过的角度："); 75 str.append(event.values[1]); 76 str.append("\n绕Y轴转过的角度："); 77 str.append(event.values[2]); 78 mTextViewOrientation.setText(str); 79 break; 80 } 81 } 82 83 // 当传感器精度改变时回调此方法 84 @Override 85 public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) { } 86 }
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <LinearLayout 3 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 4 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 5 tools:context=".TestSensorActivity" 6 android:layout_width="match_parent" 7 android:layout_height="match_parent" 8 android:orientation="vertical"> 9 10 <TextView 11 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 12 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 13 android:text="@string/acceleration_sensor" 14 android:textSize="20sp"/> 15 16 <TextView 17 android:id="@+id/accelerometer_tv" 18 android:layout_width="match_parent" 19 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 20 android:layout_marginTop="10dp" 21 android:textSize="20sp"/> 22 23 <TextView 24 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 25 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 26 android:layout_marginTop="40dp" 27 android:text="@string/magnetic_field_sensor" 28 android:textSize="20sp"/> 29 30 <TextView 31 android:id="@+id/magnetic_field_tv" 32 android:layout_width="match_parent" 33 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 34 android:layout_marginTop="10dp" 35 android:textSize="20sp"/> 36 37 <TextView 38 android:layout_width="wrap_content" 39 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 40 android:layout_marginTop="40dp" 41 android:text="@string/orientation_sensor" 42 android:textSize="20sp"/> 43 44 <TextView 45 android:id="@+id/orientation_tv" 46 android:layout_width="match_parent" 47 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 48 android:layout_marginTop="10dp" 49 android:textSize="20sp"/> 50 51 </LinearLayout>